Study of mechanical behavior of Kevlar/polypropylene hybrid yarns and their composites

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (2-3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jagannath Sardar
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Void Volume Fraction ◽  
Thermoplastic Composites ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Lower Weight ◽  
Hybrid Yarn ◽  
Low Elastic Modulus ◽  
Polypropylene Matrix ◽  
Composite Samples

Abstract In this paper, the mechanical characteristics of Kevlar multi-filament-polypropylene (KV M/F-PP) hybrid yarns and its composites have been studied. The hybrid yarns have been prepared by the principle of friction spun method in a DREF-3 (Dr Ernst Fehrer A.G. the name of the inventor 1973) Machine. The system uses Kevlar-29 (poly paraphenylene terephthalamide) multifilament (KV M/F) and polypropylene (PP) of 38 mm staple length fibres as core and sheath materials, respectively. The tensile properties of selected reinforcing materials and hybrid yarns are tested before preparing the composite samples. The weight percentages of KV M/F were kept as 0%, 15%, 20%, 25% and 30% corresponding to the percentages of matrix. DREF-3 hybrid yarns are characterized by very homogeneous component distributed over the yarn cross-section. The hybrid yarn is used for thermoplastic composites in compression molding, where Kevlar multifilaments take place in core as reinforcing materials and sheath or wrapped PP fibres as matrix. The prepared composite samples have been studied using specific standards to evaluate the void volume fraction and the tensile behavior in the standard conditions. The composite having 30% of Kevlar shows the highest tensile strength with a high void percentage, however, the elongation to break is a minimum due to lower weight percentage of low elastic modulus polypropylene matrix as compare to other samples.

Recent developments in the processing of waste carbon fibre for thermoplastic composites – A review

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (14) ◽  
pp. 1925-1944 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Furqan Khurshid ◽  
Martin Hengstermann ◽  
Mir Mohammad Badrul Hasan ◽  
Anwar Abdkader ◽  
Chokri Cherif
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fibre ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Fibre Volume Fraction ◽  
Fibre Volume ◽  
Thermoplastic Composites ◽  
Hybrid Yarn ◽  
Quality Aspects ◽  
Structural Applications ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Reinforced Thermoplastics

The aim of this paper is to highlight recent developments in the processing of waste carbon fibre for thermoplastic composites. Initially, injection moulding and nonwoven technologies have been used to integrate waste carbon fibres into fibre-reinforced thermoplastic composites. Recently, tape and hybrid yarn spinning technologies have been developed to produce tape and hybrid yarn structures from waste carbon fibre, which are then used to manufacture recycled carbon fibre-reinforced thermoplastics with much higher efficiency. The hybrid yarn spinning technologies enable the development of various fibrous structures with higher fibre orientation, compactness and fibre volume fraction. Therefore, thermoplastic composites manufactured from hybrid yarns possess a good potential for use in load-bearing structural applications. In this paper, a comprehensive review on novel and existing technologies employed for the processing of waste carbon fibre in addition to different quality aspects of waste carbon fibre is presented.

scholarly journals Mechanical Characteristics of 6063 Aluminum-Steel Dust Composite

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. O. Adeosun ◽  
E. I. Akpan ◽  
O. I. Sekunowo ◽  
W. A. Ayoola ◽  
S. A. Balogun
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Eaf Dust ◽  
Solution Treated ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Cold Rolled ◽  
Steel Dust ◽  
Composite Samples

Studies on the effect of steel dust (EAF dust) addition on the mechanical properties of 6063 Aluminium alloy have been carried out. The cast composite samples contain steel dust from 2–20 wt% produced in sand mould. These cast samples were homogenized, cold rolled, and solution-treated. The solution treated samples were normalized in still air, some quenched in water while some were tempered after quenching. Tensile and hardness responses were determined in all these processed samples. The results obtained reveal that 10 wt% steel dust in aluminium 6063 improved the ultimate tensile strength to 111.09 MPa and a corresponding hardness of 51.2 HV. Microstructural analysis shows iron containing intermetallics which are well distributed in the matrix with its morphology depending on the heat treatment and deformation imposed on them. Tensile strength and hardness of the composites was also found to depend on the volume fraction of intermetallics in the matrix.

scholarly journals Effect of Rot-, Fire-, and Water-Retardant Treatments on Jute Fiber and Their Associated Thermoplastic Composites: A Study by FTIR

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 2571
Author(s):  
Sweety Shahinur ◽  
Mahbub Hasan ◽  
Qumrul Ahsan ◽  
Nayer Sultana ◽  
Zakaria Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Jute Fiber ◽  
Thermoplastic Composites ◽  
Ftir Analysis ◽  
Renewable Materials ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Chemical Treatments

Natural renewable materials can play a big role in reducing the consumption of synthetic materials for environmental sustainability. Natural fiber-reinforced composites have attracted significant research and commercial importance due to their versatile characteristics and multi-dimensional applications. As the natural materials are easily rotten, flammable, and moisture absorbent, they require additional chemical modification for use in sustainable product development. In the present research, jute fibers were treated with rot-, fire-, and water-retardant chemicals and their corresponding polymer composites were fabricated using a compression molding technique. To identify the effects of the chemical treatments on the jute fiber and their polymeric composites, a Fourier transformed infrared radiation (FTIR) study was conducted and the results were analyzed. The presence of various chemicals in the post-treated fibers and the associated composites were identified through the FTIR analysis. The varying weight percentage of the chemicals used for treating the fibers affected the physio-mechanical properties of the fiber as well as their composites. From the FTIR analysis, it was concluded that crystallinity increased with the chemical concentration of the treatment which could be contributed to the improvement in their mechanical performance. This study provides valuable information for both academia and industry on the effect of various chemical treatments of the jute fiber for improved product development.

scholarly journals Topology optimized thermoelectric generator: a parametric study

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
John Mativo ◽  
Kevin Hallinan ◽  
Uduak George ◽  
Greg Reich ◽  
Robin Steininger
Keyword(s):  
Topology Optimization ◽  
Thermoelectric Generator ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Power Conversion ◽  
Power Production ◽  
Power Reduction ◽  
Void Volume Fraction ◽  
Thermoelectric Generators ◽  
Maximal Power ◽  
Design Yield

Abstract Typical thermoelectric generator legs are brittle which limits their application in vibratory and shear environments. Research is conducted to develop compliant thermoelectric generators (TEGs) capable of converting thermal loads to power, while also supporting shear and vibratory loads. Mathematical structural, thermal, and power conversion models are developed. Topology optimization is employed to tailor the TEG design yield maximal power production while sustaining the applied shear and vibratory loads. As a specific example, results are presented for optimized TEG legs with a void volume fraction of 0.2 that achieve compliance shear displacement of 0.0636 (from a range of 0.0504 to 0.6079). In order to achieve the necessary compliance to support the load, the power reduction is reduced by 20% relative to similarly sized void free TEG legs.

scholarly journals Forming Limit Stress Diagram Prediction of Pure Titanium Sheet Based on GTN Model

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Huang ◽  
Mei Zhan ◽  
Kun Wang ◽  
Fuxiao Chen ◽  
Junqing Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Void Volume Fraction ◽  
Void Volume ◽  
Forming Limit ◽  
Stress And Strain ◽  
Gtn Model ◽  
Stress Diagram ◽  
Limit Stress ◽  
Hemispherical Punch

In this paper, the initial values of damage parameters in the Gurson–Tvergaard–Needleman (GTN) model are determined by a microscopic test combined with empirical formulas, and the final accurate values are determined by finite element reverse calibration. The original void volume fraction (f0), the volume fraction of potential nucleated voids (fN), the critical void volume fraction (fc), the void volume fraction at the final failure (fF) of material are assigned as 0.006, 0.001, 0.03, 0.06 according to the simulation results, respectively. The hemispherical punch stretching test of commercially pure titanium (TA1) sheet is simulated by a plastic constitutive formula derived from the GTN model. The stress and strain are obtained at the last loading step before crack. The forming limit diagram (FLD) and the forming limit stress diagram (FLSD) of the TA1 sheet under plastic forming conditions are plotted, which are in good agreement with the FLD obtained by the hemispherical punch stretching test and the FLSD obtained by the conversion between stress and strain during the sheet forming process. The results show that the GTN model determined by the finite element reverse calibration method can be used to predict the forming limit of the TA1 sheet metal.

scholarly journals Numerical Study of Hydrodynamic Impact on Bubbly Water

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Elhimer ◽  
Aboulghit El Malki Alaoui ◽  
Kilian Croci ◽  
Céline Gabillet ◽  
Nicolas Jacques
Keyword(s):  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Numerical Data ◽  
Void Volume Fraction ◽  
Bubbly Liquid ◽  
Impact Loads ◽  
Hydrodynamic Impact ◽  
Physical Mechanisms ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The phenomenon of slamming on a bubbly liquid has many occurrences in marine and costal engineering. However, experimental or numerical data on the effect of the presence of gas bubbles within the liquid on the impact loads are scarce and the related physical mechanisms are poorly understood. The aim of the present paper is to study numerically the relationship between the void volume fraction and the impact loads. For that purpose, numerical simulations of the impact of a cone on bubbly water have been performed using the finite element code ABAQUS/Explicit. The present results show the diminution of the impact loads with the increase of the void fraction. This effect appears to be related to the high compressibility of the liquid-gas mixture.

scholarly journals Karakterisasi Mekanik Komposit Matriks Polipropilena High Impact Dengan Serat Alam Acak Dengan Metode Hand Lay Up Untuk Komponen Automotive

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfan Ekajati Latief ◽  
Nuha Desi Anggraeni ◽  
Dedy Hernady
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Mesh Size ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Hemp Fiber ◽  
Polypropylene Matrix ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Pineapple Leaves

ABSTRAK Serat alam yang berfungsi sebagai penguat memiliki sifat yang lebih ringan, mudah dibentuk, tahan korosi, harga murah dan memiliki kekuatan yang sama dengan material logam. Serat bahan alami yang memiliki kekuatan tarik, tekan dan impak yang baik diantaranya serat rami dan daun nanas. Untuk matriks Polipropilena high impact (PPHI) yang banyak digunakan dalam industri otomotif.. Pada penelitian ini dipelajari pengaruh fraksi volume serat alami terhadap sifat mekanik komposit PPHI berpenguat serat alami. Komposit PPHI dibuat dengan menggunakan metode Hand Lay Up pada temperatur 2500C dengan fraksi volume serat alami sebesar 10%, dimana serat dibuat digunting halus hingga memiliki ukuran mesh 120/170, 170/200 dan dibawah 200 mesh, Kekuatan tarik komposit diukur dengan mengacu pada standar ASTM 3039, kekuatan tekan diukur mengacu pada ASTM D 695. Harga Impak dari komposit diukur dengan mengacu pada ASTM D 6110-04. Pada penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan, fraksi volume 10 % serat alami yang baik ketika dicampur dengan matriks polipropilena high impact adalah serat nanas dengan meshing 170/200 dapat meningkatkan kekuatan tarik PPHI sebesar 40 % dan meningkatkan harga impak PPHI sebesar 50,8 % jika dilihat penelitan sebelumnya yakni menggunakan serat rami dibawah mesh 1200 dengan matriks PPHI. Kata Kunci: Rami, Daun Nanas, Polipropilena High Impact, Hand Lay Up. ABSTRACT Natural fibers that function as reinforcement have lighter properties, are easily formed, are corrosion resistant, are cheap and have the same strength as metal materials. Natural fiber which has good tensile, compressive and impact strength including Ramie and pineapple leaves. For high impact polypropylene matrix (PPHI) which is widely used in the automotive industry. In this study the effect of volume fraction of natural fibers on the mechanical properties of PPHI composites with natural fiber reinforced properties was studied. PPHI composites are made using the Hand Lay Up method at a temperature of 2500C with a volume fraction of natural fibers of 10%, where fibers are made finely shaved to have a mesh size of 120/170, 170/200 and below 200 mesh, the tensile strength of the composite is measured by reference to the standard ASTM 3039, compressive strength measured refers to ASTM D 695. The impact price of the composite is measured with reference to ASTM D 6110-04. In this study it can be concluded, a good volume fraction of 10% natural fiber when mixed with high impact polypropylene matrix is pineapple fiber with meshing 170/200 can increase the tensile strength of PPHI by 40% and increase the impact price of PPHI by 50.8% if seen by research previously that used hemp fiber under mesh 1200 with PPHI matrix. Keywords: Ramie Pineapple, High Impact Polypropylene, Hand Lay Up.

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