The association of oxytocin with major depressive disorder: role of confounding effects of antidepressants

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiyi Xie ◽  
Yan Hu ◽  
Li Fang ◽  
Shijia Chen ◽  
Benson O.A. Botchway ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Predictive Ability ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Targeted Prevention ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Antidepressant Effects ◽  
Psychiatric Syndrome

Abstract Major depressive disorder is a genetic susceptible disease, and a psychiatric syndrome with a high rate of incidence and recurrence. Because of its complexity concerning etiology and pathogenesis, the cure rate of first-line antidepressants is low. In recent years, accumulative evidences revealed that oxytocin act as a physiological or pathological participant in a variety of complex neuropsychological activities, including major depressive disorder. Six electronic databases (Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, CNKI, and Wanfang) were employed for researching relevant publications. At last, 226 articles were extracted. The current review addresses the correlation of the oxytocin system and major depressive disorder. Besides, we summarize the mechanisms by which the oxytocin system exerts potential antidepressant effects, including regulating neuronal activity, influencing neuroplasticity and regeneration, altering neurotransmitter release, down regulating hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis, anti-inflammatory, antioxidation, and genetic effects. Increasing evidence shows that oxytocin and its receptor gene may play a potential role in major depressive disorder. Future research should focus on the predictive ability of the oxytocin system as a biomarker, as well as its role in targeted prevention and early intervention of major depressive disorder.

scholarly journals Drug Response-Related DNA Methylation Changes in Schizophrenia, Bipolar Disorder, and Major Depressive Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaqi Zhou ◽  
Miao Li ◽  
Xueying Wang ◽  
Yuwen He ◽  
Yan Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Clinical Improvement ◽  
Drug Response ◽  
Epigenetic Modification ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Major Depressive

Pharmacotherapy is the most common treatment for schizophrenia (SCZ), bipolar disorder (BD), and major depressive disorder (MDD). Pharmacogenetic studies have achieved results with limited clinical utility. DNA methylation (DNAm), an epigenetic modification, has been proposed to be involved in both the pathology and drug treatment of these disorders. Emerging data indicates that DNAm could be used as a predictor of drug response for psychiatric disorders. In this study, we performed a systematic review to evaluate the reproducibility of published changes of drug response-related DNAm in SCZ, BD and MDD. A total of 37 publications were included. Since the studies involved patients of different treatment stages, we partitioned them into three groups based on their primary focuses: (1) medication-induced DNAm changes (n = 8); (2) the relationship between DNAm and clinical improvement (n = 24); and (3) comparison of DNAm status across different medications (n = 14). We found that only BDNF was consistent with the DNAm changes detected in four independent studies for MDD. It was positively correlated with clinical improvement in MDD. To develop better predictive DNAm factors for drug response, we also discussed future research strategies, including experimental, analytical procedures and statistical criteria. Our review shows promising possibilities for using BDNF DNAm as a predictor of antidepressant treatment response for MDD, while more pharmacoepigenetic studies are needed for treatments of various diseases. Future research should take advantage of a system-wide analysis with a strict and standard analytical procedure.

scholarly journals Major depression subtypes are differentially associated with migraine subtype, prevalence and severity

Cephalalgia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Pisanu ◽  
Emma Lundin ◽  
Martin Preisig ◽  
Mehdi Gholam-Rezaee ◽  
Enrique Castelao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Migraine With Aura ◽  
Migraine Without Aura ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Depression Subtypes

Objective Migraine and major depressive disorder show a high rate of comorbidity, but little is known about the associations between the subtypes of major depressive disorder and migraine. In this cross-sectional study we aimed at investigating a) the lifetime associations between the atypical, melancholic, combined and unspecified subtype of major depressive disorder and migraine with and without aura and b) the associations between major depressive disorder and its subtypes and the severity of migraine. Methods A total of 446 subjects with migraine (migraine without aura: n = 294; migraine with aura: n = 152) and 2511 controls from the population-based CoLaus/PsyCoLaus study, Switzerland, were included. Associations between major depressive disorder subtypes and migraine characteristics were tested using binary logistic or linear regression. Results Melancholic, combined and unspecified major depressive disorder were associated with increased frequency of migraine with aura, whereas only melancholic major depressive disorder was associated with increased frequency of migraine without aura. Lifetime and unspecified major depressive disorder were associated with severe migraine intensity among subjects with migraine with aura but not migraine without aura, while combined major depressive disorder was associated with higher migraine frequency independently from migraine subtype. Conclusion This study suggests that melancholic but not atypical major depressive disorder is associated with migraine and migraine subtypes. Future studies exploring pathophysiological mechanisms shared between melancholic depression and migraine are warranted.

scholarly journals Pro-inflammatory cytokines as predictors of antidepressant effects of exercise in major depressive disorder

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 1119-1124 ◽  
Author(s):  
C D Rethorst ◽  
M S Toups ◽  
T L Greer ◽  
P A Nakonezny ◽  
T J Carmody ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Antidepressant Effects ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

scholarly journals Higher dose weekly fluoxetine in hemodialysis patients: A case series report

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-13
Author(s):  
Kelley M Kauffman ◽  
Jacqueline Dolata ◽  
Maria Figueroa ◽  
Douglas Gunzler ◽  
Anne Huml ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Antidepressant Medication ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Case Series Report

Objective The antidepressant medication fluoxetine at 90 mg dosed weekly is as effective and safe as standard formulation fluoxetine 20 mg dosed daily in patients with major depressive disorder. Weekly fluoxetine has not been well studied in hemodialysis patients, and doses beyond 90 mg/week have not been described in this population. This case series, derived from a larger study on depression in hemodialysis patients, describes the use of weekly fluoxetine at dosages beyond 90 mg/week. Method Hemodialysis patients with depressive symptom severity scored ≥10 on the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire and major depressive disorder confirmed with Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview were initially prescribed daily fluoxetine for two weeks and then transitioned to weekly fluoxetine. Dosage titration was made at the discretion of the prescribing clinician. Fluoxetine was continued for a total of 12 weeks. Results Four women, aged 24 to 65 years, on hemodialysis for 1 to 18 years, were started on weekly fluoxetine that was increased over several weeks up to 180 mg. Side effects included restlessness, dry mouth, sedation, and lightheadedness. Two patients ultimately had their weekly fluoxetine decreased back to 90 mg. However, all four continued weekly fluoxetine as part of poststudy aftercare and no longer met diagnostic criteria for major depressive disorder, current episode. Conclusions Weekly fluoxetine at doses of 180 mg may be a reasonable treatment consideration for hemodialysis patients who have partial or insufficient antidepressant response. Side effects may limit tolerance of the 180 mg dose in some individuals. Future research should investigate longer term health outcomes of weekly fluoxetine in this population.

scholarly journals Citalopram plus low-dose pipamperone versus citalopram plus placebo in patients with major depressive disorder: an 8-week, double-blind, randomized study on magnitude and timing of clinical response

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (10) ◽  
pp. 2089-2097 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Wade ◽  
G. M. Crawford ◽  
C. B. Nemeroff ◽  
A. F. Schatzberg ◽  
T. Schlaepfer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Therapeutic Effect ◽  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Receptor Activation ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Madrs Score ◽  
Antidepressant Effects

BackgroundSelective serotonin reuptake inhibitors take several weeks to achieve their full antidepressant effects. Post-synaptic 5-HT2A receptor activation is thought to be involved in this delayed therapeutic effect. Pipamperone acts as a highly selective 5-HT2A/D4 antagonist when administered in low doses. The purpose of this study was to compare citalopram 40 mg once daily plus pipamperone 5 mg twice daily (PipCit) versus citalopram plus placebo twice daily for magnitude and onset of therapeutic effect.MethodAn 8-week, randomized, double-blind study in patients with major depressive disorder was carried out.ResultsThe study population comprised 165 patients (citalopram and placebo, n=82; PipCit, n=83) with a mean baseline Montgomery–Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) score of 32.6 (s.d.=5.5). In the first 4 weeks, more citalopram and placebo than PipCit patients discontinued treatment (18% v. 4%, respectively, p=0.003). PipCit patients had significantly greater improvement in MADRS score at week 1 [observed cases (OC), p=0.021; last observation carried forward (LOCF), p=0.007] and week 4 (LOCF, p=0.025) but not at week 8 compared with citalopram and placebo patients. Significant differences in MADRS scores favoured PipCit in reduced sleep, reduced appetite, concentration difficulties and pessimistic thoughts. Mean Clinical Global Impression–Improvement scores were significantly improved after 1 week of PipCit compared with citalopram and placebo (OC and LOCF, p=0.002).ConclusionsAlthough the MADRS score from baseline to 8 weeks did not differ between groups, PipCit provided superior antidepressant effects and fewer discontinuations compared with citalopram and placebo during the first 4 weeks of treatment, especially in the first week.

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