scholarly journals Captopril and Valsartan May Improve Cognitive Function Through Potentiation of the Brain Antioxidant Defense System and Attenuation of Oxidative/Nitrosative Damage in STZ-Induced Dementia in Rat

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 531-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasaman Arjmand Abbassi ◽  
Mohammad Taghi Mohammadi ◽  
Mahsa Sarami Foroshani ◽  
Javad Raouf Sarshoori
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Defense System ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals Adaptogenic effect of phlojodicarpus sibiricus extract on cerebral ischemia

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey M. Gulyaev ◽  
Vasiliy V. Taraskin ◽  
Ekaterina Z. Urbanova
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Ether Anesthesia ◽  
Effect Of Ph ◽  
Adaptogenic Effect ◽  
The Brain

The aim of the study was to determine the adaptogenic effect of the extract from the roots of Phlojodicarpus sibiricus during ischemic influence on the left hemisphere of the brain. Experiments were conducted on Wistar rats of both sexes weighing 200-220 g. Unilateral cerebral ischemia was induced by permanent occlusion of the left common carotid artery under ether anesthesia. Adaptogenic anti-ischemic effect of Ph. sibiricus was determined by the number of desquamated endotheliocytes, nitrogen oxide metabolites – nitrites in the blood, by the content of lipid peroxidation products – malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activity of the antioxidant defense system in the brain tissue. It is established that Ph. sibiricus has an anti-ischemic effect, reduces the number of endotheliocytes desquamated, increases the level of nitric oxide in the blood (p ≤ 0.05), stimulates SOD and catalase activity, reducing the intensity of lipid peroxidation and the accumulation of MDA in the brain during ischemic exposure (p ≤ 0.05). Preventive administration of Ph. sibiricus extract has an adaptogenic effect in unilateral cerebral ischemia, which consists in reducing desquamated endotheliocytes, increasing the production of nitric oxide by endothelium, increasing the antioxidant defense system and reducing the intensity of oxidative reactions in the brain. Adaptogenic effect of Ph. sibiricus extract is caused by endothelium protective and antioxidant effects.

Oophorectomy hinders antioxidant adaptation promoted by swimming in Wistar rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulisvaldo Brunno de Oliveira Macedo ◽  
Rand Randall Martins ◽  
Francisco Paulo Freire Neto ◽  
Yonara Monique da Costa Oliveira ◽  
Aldo da Cunha Medeiros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Antioxidant Parameters ◽  
The Brain

Oxidative stress is associated with postmenopause and is also responsible for various metabolic alterations. The redox imbalance observed during ovarian decline can be induced experimentally by bilateral ovariectomy in rats. In addition to hormone replacement, regular moderate physical exercise is indicated to prevent several common postmenopausal diseases. This study aimed to assess the effect of daily swimming on the antioxidant defense system of oophorectomized Wistar rats. Control and oophorectomized groups were submitted to 1 h of daily swimming for 90 days. Levels of lipid peroxidation and glutathione content and the activities of superoxide dismutase enzyme and glutathione peroxidase in erythrocytes, liver, and brain were assessed every 30 days. The control group exhibited lower lipoperoxidation that was associated with a significant increase in superoxide dismutase enzyme activity, glutathione peroxidase activity, and glutathione content in erythrocytes and liver; however, swimming did not cause changes in antioxidant parameters in the brain over time. The oophorectomized group showed no antioxidant adaptation to daily swimming and had greater oxidative damage in the liver and blood. Our results suggest that ovariectomy hinders antioxidant adaptation in Wistar rats submitted to daily swimming.

Fullerol potentiates the brain antioxidant defense system and decreases γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) mRNA during cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamsi Darabi ◽  
Mohammad Taghi Mohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Cerebral Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Cerebral Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Glutamyl Transpeptidase ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

AbstractFullerol compounds have potent antioxidant effects on biological systems. Therefore, we examined whether fullerol pretreatment potentiates the brain antioxidant defense system and decreases

scholarly journals Neuroprotective Effects of Tea Against Cadmium Toxicity

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (12) ◽  
pp. 230
Author(s):  
Francis N. Wachira ◽  
G. O. Areba ◽  
R. M. Ngure ◽  
R. Khalid ◽  
F. Maloba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Neuronal Damage ◽  
Cadmium Toxicity ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Histopathological Studies ◽  
The Brain

Background: Cadmium (Cd) is a common pollutant and potential neuro-toxicant to humans. The main treatment for heavy metal toxicity is chelation therapy which is however replete with grave side effects. This study was designed to determine the neuroprotective effects of extracts of the tea beverage on experimentally induced cadmium toxicity in the brain of rats. Cadmiumas CdCl2 was administered subcutaneously while tea was given orally.Methods: Healthy Wister rats were used to study the effects of co-administration of Cd and tea extracts on the brain. Cadmium was injected subcutaneously while tea was administered orally to the rats. Brain tissue from euthanized rats was assayed for Zinc Fingers and Homeoboxes Protein 1 (ZHX1), reduced glutathione (GSH), and lipid peroxidation markers Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS). Neurohistochemical and histopathological studies were also carried out on the brain tissues of the rats.Results: Cadmium significantly induced neuronal damage exhibited by a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in ZHX1 in the brain tissue, significant (p <0.05) increase in TBARS, as well as significant (p < 0.05) increase in GSH implying an impaired antioxidant defense system. Co-administration of Cd with black or green tea extracts resulted in a significant decrease in lipid peroxidation as well as maintenance of GSH and ZHX1. The neurohistochemical and histopathological studies in the brain of the rats indicated that the tea extracts significantly reduced CdCl2 toxicity and preserved the normal histological architecture of the brain tissues.Conclusion: This paper reports for the first time the efficacy of tea extracts in protecting rats from cadmium induced toxicity and disturbances of antioxidant defense system in the brain.Key words: Tea; flavonoids; Cadmium; neurotoxicity; Chelating agents.

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