scholarly journals A review on biological effects of Lamium album (white dead nettle) and its components

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahere Pourmirzaee Sheikhali Kelayeh ◽  
Mahmood Abedinzade ◽  
Ahmad Ghorbani
Keyword(s):  
Biological Effects ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Uterine Hemorrhage ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
Lamium Album

Lamium album, commonly known as white dead nettle, is a plant in the family of Lamiaceae. This plant is distributed all over Asia, Europe, and Africa. In the traditional medicine of Asia, it has been used for the treatment of a number of diseases such as trauma, fracture, paralysis, leucorrhoea, hypertension women’s pain, uterine hemorrhage, menorrhagia, vaginal and cervical inflammation. In recent years, L. album has been the subject of intensive experimental studies to evaluate its traditional use to reveal new biological properties. A wide range of pharmacological effects, including antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antidiabetic properties have been reported by these studies. This review presents an up-to-date overview of the current literature on the pharmacological and physiological effects of L. album. Also, phytochemical constituents responsible for the biological properties of L. album are presented and discussed.

Ethno - Botanical Survey Of Plant Species Used For Mosquito Control In Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-106
Author(s):  
H.I. Okoh ◽  
H.O. Mogaji ◽  
M.A. Adekoya ◽  
U.C. Morikwe ◽  
A.O. Nwana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Mosquito Control ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Conyza Canadensis ◽  
Tropical Rain Forests ◽  
Botanical Survey ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Family

In Nigeria, there is paucity of information on plants used to repel or kill mosquitoes despite the abundant plant species in the country’s tropical rain forests. Majority of available data are on the traditional use of plants for curative purposes. This study documents some plant species used for insecticidal or repellent purposes against mosquitoes in Nigeria. An ethno-botanical survey was carried out in four geo-political zones in the country using structured questionnaires and focus group discussion. A total of six plant species belonging to five families were reported in Delta state with Conyza Canadensis (Compositae) being the most utilized (50%) and Aspilia africana (Compositae), the least mentioned (5.60%). In Enugu state, a total of nine plant species belonging to eight families were mentioned by respondents with Aframomum melegueta the most utilised (26.09%) while Agava sisalana and Dracaena manii belonging to the families Agavaceae and Dracaenaceae were the least mentioned (1.09% each). A total of six plant species belonging to five families were reported in Kaduna State with Lantana camara belonging to the family Verbenaceae accounting for 58.82% of the utilised plant species for mosquito control while Ipomea asarifolia, Terminalia catappa and Citrullus vulgaris belonging to the families Convolvulaceae, Combretaceae and Cucurbitaceae respectively were the least utilized (5.88% each). Lagos State recorded the highest number of plant species (twenty five) belonging to eighteen families. Spondia mombin belonging to the family Lilaceae was the most mentioned (7.33%) while the least mentioned (0.37% each) were Magnifera indica, Baphia nitida and Pennisetum purpeum belongingto the families Anacardiaceae, Fabaceae and Poaceae respectively. There is a need for further investigation on these plant species as they may constitute potential sources of cidal and repellent compounds against a wide range of insect pests. Keywords: Ethno-botanical survey, insecticidal, repellence, mosquitoes, plant species

scholarly journals Pleiotropic Biological Effects of Dietary Phenolic Compounds and their Metabolites on Energy Metabolism, Inflammation and Aging

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 596 ◽  
Author(s):  
María del Carmen Villegas-Aguilar ◽  
Álvaro Fernández-Ochoa ◽  
María de la Luz Cádiz-Gurrea ◽  
Sandra Pimentel-Moral ◽  
Jesús Lozano-Sánchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
High Prevalence

Dietary phenolic compounds are considered as bioactive compounds that have effects in different chronic disorders related to oxidative stress, inflammation process, or aging. These compounds, coming from a wide range of natural sources, have shown a pleiotropic behavior on key proteins that act as regulators. In this sense, this review aims to compile information on the effect exerted by the phenolic compounds and their metabolites on the main metabolic pathways involved in energy metabolism, inflammatory response, aging and their relationship with the biological properties reported in high prevalence chronic diseases. Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated their pleiotropic molecular mechanisms of action and these findings raise the possibility that phenolic compounds have a wide variety of roles in different targets.

scholarly journals The Needs for Developing Experiments on Reservoirs in Hantavirus Research: Accomplishments, Challenges and Promises for the Future

Viruses ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madrières ◽  
Castel ◽  
Murri ◽  
Vulin ◽  
Marianneau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Ecology ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Many ◽  
Human Infections ◽  
The Relationship

Due to their large geographic distribution and potential high mortality rates in human infections, hantaviruses constitute a worldwide threat to public health. As such, they have been the subject of a large array of clinical, virological and eco-evolutionary studies. Many experiments have been conducted in vitro or on animal models to identify the mechanisms leading to pathogenesis in humans and to develop treatments of hantavirus diseases. Experimental research has also been dedicated to the understanding of the relationship between hantaviruses and their reservoirs. However, these studies remain too scarce considering the diversity of hantavirus/reservoir pairs identified, and the wide range of issues that need to be addressed. In this review, we present a synthesis of the experimental studies that have been conducted on hantaviruses and their reservoirs. We aim at summarizing the knowledge gathered from this research, and to emphasize the gaps that need to be filled. Despite the many difficulties encountered to carry hantavirus experiments, we advocate for the need of such studies in the future, at the interface of evolutionary ecology and virology. They are critical to address emerging areas of research, including hantavirus evolution and the epidemiological consequences of individual variation in infection outcomes.

Therapeutic Potential of Cinnoline Core: A Comprehensive Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 196-218
Author(s):  
Rajiv K. Tonk ◽  
Sandhya Bawa ◽  
Deepak Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Heterocyclic Compounds ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Natural Occurrence ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Family ◽  
Almost All

Cinnoline or Benzo-pyridazine has its place in the family of fairly well-known benzfuseddiazine heterocycles. Because of its natural occurrence and synthetic exploration, cinnoline compounds validated its thought-provoking bioactivity through a number of research publications and patents during last few decades. A creative consideration has been rewarded to the synthesis of cinnoline based heterocyclic compounds, mostly due to their wide range of diverse pharmacological activities. The present review covers the principle approaches to the synthesis of cinnoline nucleus and almost all biological properties of 115 cinnoline derivatives reported during the last 65 years from natural and synthetic origin with 140 references.

Idronoxil as an Anticancer Agent: Activity and Mechanisms

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 341-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Porter ◽  
Walter Douglas Fairlie ◽  
Olivier Laczka ◽  
Frederic Delebecque ◽  
John Wilkinson
Keyword(s):  
Biological Effects ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Cellular Targets ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cycle Arrest ◽  
Anticancer Effects ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Inhibition Of Angiogenesis ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Second Chance

Idronoxil has been the subject of more than 50 peer-reviewed publications over the last two decades. This isoflavone is an intriguing regulator of multiple signal transduction pathways, capable of causing a range of biological effects, including cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, an ability to stimulate the immune system, and inhibition of angiogenesis. These multifaceted actions suggest that idronoxil has the potential to synergize with, or complement, a wide range of cancer therapies. Whilst clinically tested in the past, idronoxil’s journey was discontinued as a result of its low bioavailability in humans when administered either intravenously or orally, though strategies to overcome this issue are currently being explored. Here, we summarize the current literature regarding the key cellular targets of idronoxil and the mechanisms by which idronoxil exerts its anticancer effects, laying a new foundation toward giving this unique molecule a second chance of contributing to the future of cancer treatment.

State-of-the-Art Review: Factor Xa Versus Factor IIa Inhibitors

1997 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brigitte Kaiser
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Factor Xa ◽  
Thrombin Inhibitors ◽  
Factor Xa Inhibitors ◽  
Coagulation Cascade ◽  
Antithrombotic Agents ◽  
Wide Range

The development of specific inhibitors of blood coagulation enzymes has led to a number of new anticoagulant/antithrombotic agents that could be useful for prophylaxis and/or treatment of thromboembolic disorders. Because thrombin is the central bioregulatory enzyme in hemostasis, blocking of the active site of the enzyme by a fast reaction with an inhibitor may effectively prevent intravascular coagulation as well as other important biological effects of thrombin. For the direct inactivation of thrombin, several classes of compounds have been developed and characterized in vitro and in vivo as potential antithrombotic agents including naturally occurring as well as synthetic thrombin inhibitors such as hirudin, hirulog, arginine (argatroban), and benzamidine (NAPAP) derivatives as well as tripeptide-type inhibitors (efegatran, D-Phe-Pro-Arg-CH2Cl, boroarginine derivatives). Experimental findings suggest that directly acting thrombin inhibitors may be effective in a wide range of arterial and venous thrombotic events. The important role of factor Xa in the coagulation cascade at the stage of the conversion of extrinsic and intrinsic pathways and the amplification of its procoagulant action by prothrombinase complex formation makes factor Xa a promising target also for antithrombotic drugs. Experimental studies on highly effective and selective factor Xa inhibitors (antistasin, tick anticoagulant peptide, yagin, DX-9065a) showed that inhibition of coagulation at a relatively early stage is a very effective way for the prevention of thrombotic processes. Furthermore, it is assumed that factor Xa inhibitors selectively inhibit thrombus formation without compromising hemostasis. In conclusion, both thrombin and factor Xa inhibitors are promising drugs for the management of thrombotic disorders. However, besides the strong inhibitory potency against the target enzyme, other pharmacological aspects such as pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, and toxic side effects must be included in the evaluation of the potential usefulness of thrombin and factor Xa inhibitors for clinical indications. Key Words: Anticoagulants—Antithrombotics—Factor Xa inhibitors—Thrombin inhibitors.

scholarly journals Bioactive Phytochemical Constituents of Wild Edible Mushrooms from Southeast Asia

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 1972 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaw Min Thu ◽  
Ko Ko Myo ◽  
Hnin Thanda Aung ◽  
Marco Clericuzio ◽  
Chabaco Armijos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Edible Mushrooms ◽  
Wild Edible Mushrooms ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents

Mushrooms have a long history of uses for their medicinal and nutritional properties. They have been consumed by people for thousands of years. Edible mushrooms are collected in the wild or cultivated worldwide. Recently, mushroom extracts and their secondary metabolites have acquired considerable attention due to their biological effects, which include antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, and immunomodulatory activities. Thus, in addition to phytochemists, nutritionists and consumers are now deeply interested in the phytochemical constituents of mushrooms, which provide beneficial effects to humans in terms of health promotion and reduction of disease-related risks. In recent years, scientific reports on the nutritional, phytochemical and pharmacological properties of mushroom have been overwhelming. However, the bioactive compounds and biological properties of wild edible mushrooms growing in Southeast Asian countries have been rarely described. In this review, the bioactive compounds isolated from 25 selected wild edible mushrooms growing in Southeast Asia have been reviewed, together with their biological activities. Phytoconstituents with antioxidant and antimicrobial activities have been highlighted. Several evidences indicate that mushrooms are good sources for natural antioxidants and antimicrobial agents

scholarly journals Properties of Resveratrol:In VitroandIn VivoStudies about Metabolism, Bioavailability, and Biological Effects in Animal Models and Humans

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Gambini ◽  
M. Inglés ◽  
G. Olaso ◽  
R. Lopez-Grueso ◽  
V. Bonet-Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Red Wine ◽  
Anticancer Agent ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Therapeutic Properties

Plants containing resveratrol have been used effectively in traditional medicine for over 2000 years. It can be found in some plants, fruits, and derivatives, such as red wine. Therefore, it can be administered by either consuming these natural products or intaking nutraceutical pills. Resveratrol exhibits a wide range of beneficial properties, and this may be due to its molecular structure, which endow resveratrol with the ability to bind to many biomolecules. Among these properties its activity as an anticancer agent, a platelet antiaggregation agent, and an antioxidant, as well as its antiaging, antifrailty, anti-inflammatory, antiallergenic, and so forth activities, is worth highlighting. These beneficial biological properties have been extensively studied in humans and animal models, bothin vitroandin vivo. The issue of bioavailability of resveratrol is of paramount importance and is determined by its rapid elimination and the fact that its absorption is highly effective, but the first hepatic step leaves little free resveratrol. Clarifying aspects like stability and pharmacokinetics of resveratrol metabolites would be fundamental to understand and apply the therapeutic properties of resveratrol.

scholarly journals Some mechanisms of immunotropic and adaptogenous effect of phytopreparations

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 19-29
Author(s):  
Julia V. Shur ◽  
Vladimir Yu. Shur ◽  
Marina A. Samotrueva
Keyword(s):  
Immune Status ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Plant Origin ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Low Toxicity

The article presents a review of the literature on the use of a variety of herbal remedies, showing pronounced immunotropic and adaptogenic properties, as correctors of violations of the immune status, developing in various pathological conditions. The information about the advantages of the use of drugs of plant origin in comparison with synthetic drugs, such as "soft" immunomodulatory effect, low toxicity, beneficial effect on metabolic processes, a wide range of biological effects due to the ability of herbal remedies to activate the functions of not only immune but also neuroendocrine systems. In addition, the article discusses some of the mechanisms of immunometabolic, antioxidant and adaptogenic effects of some herbal remedies, which serve as the basis for further study of their biological properties in order to expand the possibilities of phytopreparations in the arsenal of modern pharmacology.

Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity of Some Novel 1- substituted Benzimidazole Derivatives

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 1372-1379
Author(s):  
Erkut Isik ◽  
Demet Astley ◽  
Seda Yuksekdanaci ◽  
Ihsan Yasa
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Benzimidazole Derivatives ◽  
Human Immune System ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Test Organisms ◽  
Derivatives Of

Background: Benzimidazole derivatives are an important class of heterocyclic compounds in organic chemistry as they are related to a wide range of biological properties, including antimicrobial activity. Methods: A series of 1-naphthoyl and benzoyl benzimidazole derivatives were synthesised, identified and screened for their antimicrobial activities against a number of different test organisms such as Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aureginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus cereus, Salmonella typhimurium, Candida albicans (yeast). Results and Discussion: Benzimidazole derivatives (3a-d) were synthesised by using 4 different aminoacids. L-methionine, L-isoleucine, D-Phenylysine and L-Phenylamine as starting materials in the study. Experimental studies involve the use of benzimidazole derivatives (3a-d) of the selected amino acids to synthesize the benzoyl and naphthoyl derivatives of benzimidazole (4a-d, 5a-c). The structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by spectroscopic analyses (FTIR, 1HNMR, 13C-NMR) and elemental analysis. Conclusion: In this study, only one compound (5a) showed a low MIC value against the eukaryotic microorganism C. albicans. The other six compounds showed higher antimicrobial activities against the prokaryotes C. albicans which is a normal flora in the mouth but is one of the organisms that cause infections leading to the weakening of the human immune system. Compound 5a is a candidate for future alternative antimicrobial drugs against C. albicans infections. In addition, compound 5a has a potential to be used as an inhibitor against P. aureginosa for the treatment of cystic fibrosis.

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