Ammonium sulfate from flue gases desulfurization by the wet ammonia method as the new nitrogen and sulfur source for production of mineral fertilizers Siarczan(VI) amonu z odsiarczania spalin mokrą metodą amoniakalną jako nowe źródło azotu i siarki w technologii wytwarzania nawozów mineralnych

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 190-201
Author(s):  
Anna Zdunek
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Flue Gases ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Sulfur Source ◽  
Ammonia Method

scholarly journals New molluscicides in control of freshwater snails – intermediate hosts for causative agents of fascioliasis, paramphistomatosis and orientobilharziasis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. E. Yuldashev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Potassium Chloride ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Potassium Permanganate ◽  
Freshwater Snail ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Freshwater Snails ◽  
Table Salt ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Causative Agents

The article presents the results of studying the new and affordable means for freshwater snail control. It was found that mineral fertilizers – ammonium sulfate at a concentration of 0.05–0.2%, and potassium chloride at a concentration of 0.2–0.3% cause the death of snails of the genera Lymnae and Planorbis in 24–72 hours after application. Hydrogen peroxide at a concentration of 1:40000 and potassium permanganate at a concentration of 1:400000 also kill snails within 24–48 hours. Commonly available products also have pronounced molluscicidal action: table salt (NaCl) and baking soda (NaHCO3) at concentrations of 0.3–0.5%. Changing the pH in the habitat of snails, i.e. waters in snail biotopes, towards acidity (3.8–6.2) and alkalinity (8.0–8.4) also result in the death of snails, and the optimal environment is with pH = 7.8. These means are safe for animals and the environment, as evidenced by the results of experiments carried out on sheep, which were administered with molluscicide solutions forcibly using a probe in an amount of 1.5 liters and by free drinking for 3 days.

Degradation of Glutathione in Plant Cells: Evidence against the Participation of a γ-Glutamyltranspeptidase

1985 ◽  
Vol 40 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 29-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reinhard Steinkamp ◽  
Heinz Rennenberg
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Artificial Substrate ◽  
Sulfur Source ◽  
Tobacco Cell ◽  
Tobacco Cells ◽  
Assay Mixture ◽  
Feeding Experiments ◽  
Low Rate

When γ-glutamyltranspeptidase activity in tobacco cells was measured using the artificial substrate γ-glutamyl-p-nitroanilide, liberation of p-nitroaniline was not reduced, but stimulated by addition of glutathione. Therefore, glutathione was not acting as a donator, but as an acceptor of γ-glutamyl moieties in the assay mixture, suggesting that γ-glutamvltranspeptidase is not participating in degradation of glutathione. Feeding experiments with [35S-cys]glutathione sup­ported this conclusion. When tobacco cells were supplied with this peptide as sole sulfur source, glutathione and γ-glutamylcysteine were the only labelled compounds found inside the cells. The low rate of uptake of glutathione apparently prevented the accumulation of measurable amounts of radioactivity in the cysteine pool. A γ-glutamylcyclotransferase, responsible for the conversion of γ-glutamylcysteine to 5-oxo-proline and cysteine was found in ammonium sulfate precipitates of tobacco cell homogenates. The enzyme showed high activities with γ-glutamylmethionine and γ-glutamylcysteine, but not with other γ-glutamyldipeptides or glutathione. From these and previously published experiments [(Rennenberg et a!., Z. Naturforsch. 35c, 708-711 (1980)], it is concluded that glutathione is degraded in tobacco cells via the following pathway: γ-glu-cys-gly → γ-glu-cys → 5-oxo-proline → glu.

scholarly journals Features of isothermal crystallization of ammonium sulphate

2021 ◽  
pp. 33-43
Author(s):  
Illia Iatsiuk ◽  
Yaroslav Hotskyi ◽  
Yaroslav Korniienko ◽  
Andrii Stepaniuk
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Bone Meal ◽  
Humic Compounds ◽  
Ph Level ◽  
Mass Crystallization ◽  
Isothermal Mass

Soil fertility is rapidly decreasing due to irrational land use, erosion and soil pollution and adverse weather conditions. The use of composite granular organic-mineral fertilizers that contain mineral and organic components allows the soil fertility to be increased in the most effective and safe manner for the environment. In the production of granular composite fertilizers in a fluidized bed granulator, the process of isothermal mass crystallization is the main parameter that affects the quality. The effect of impurities on the morphological structure of ammonium sulfate microcrystals during mass crystallization on the surface was investigated by means of microscopic analysis. The influence of temperature and pH of the solution on the structure and shape of the microcrystal layer was studied. The process of mass crystallization depends on the presence of impurities, pH and temperature. Given the fact that there is no analytical or theoretical dependence describing the influence of impurities on the morphological structure, the influence is determined experimentally. The presence of even a small content of surfactants and other impurities in the ammonium sulfate solution has a significant effect on the morphological structure of ammonium sulfate microcrystals, which is revealed as reduction in the concentration of impurities in ammonium sulfate obtained by coke-chemical method. The pH level of the medium affects the structure and shape of microcrystals: smaller crystals with a layered structure are formed in the case of weakly alkaline medium with pH = 8 and smaller microcrystals with a granular structure are formed in the case of pH = 4. Therefore, it is important to maintain the required pH level of the medium during the mass crystallization of ammonium sulfate. In isothermal mass crystallization of saturated aqueous solutions of ammonium sulfate with humic compounds and bone meal proceeding on a surface with temperature 90 °C, small elongated crystals with microcrystal sizes from 10 to 100 μm are formed. Impurities of bone meal and humic compounds in the form of inclusions are placed between the crystals of ammonium sulfate: namely, the endosegregation of impurities in the microcrystalline framework is observed. As the concentration of organic matter in the solution increases, which crystallizes as droplets on the surface, rubble and dendrites are formed outside the initial droplet placement. This phenomenon is explained by the increase of diffusion resistance at the center of the drop; as a result, ammonium sulfate crystallizes in the zone with lower resistance. The process of isothermal mass crystallization of saturated aqueous solutions of ammonium sulfate with admixtures of humic compounds, bone meal and other target components in the specified ratios will create new highly effective fertilizers. The obtained results allow formulating theoretical bases for the formation of solid structures based on ammonium sulfate with admixtures of organic and mineral components.

The Coagulation Abnormalities in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

1968 ◽  
Vol 20 (03/04) ◽  
pp. 457-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Gonyea ◽  
R Herdman ◽  
R. A Bridges
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Anticoagulant Activity ◽  
Species Specificity ◽  
Sensitive Assay ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Coagulation Abnormalities

SummaryAn anticoagulant occurring in 4 of 6 patients with SLE has been demonstrated by a sensitive assay utilizing an ammonium sulfate fraction of serum. The anticoagulant functions as an inhibitor of the activation of prothrombin. No species specificity was demonstrable. The inhibitor behaves clinically and chromatographically as an immunoglobulin, although an attempt to demonstrate directly the antibody nature of the inhibitor was not successful.A severe, apparently independent, decrease in the level of prothrombin was observed in the patient with hemorrhagic symptoms. In contrast to the anticoagulant activity, the low prothrombin has persisted during treatment.

The effectiveness of granular chalk use for growing winter wheat on grey forest soil

2020 ◽  
pp. 181-191
Author(s):  
M. Tkachenko ◽  
N. Borys ◽  
Ye. Kovalenko
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Forest Soil ◽  
Active Substance ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Gray Forest Soil ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Acidic Soils ◽  
Grey Forest Soil

The research aims to establish the eff ectiveness of granular chalk use produced by «Slavuta-Calcium» Ltd. under growing Poliska–90 winter wheat variety, changing the physicochemical properties of grey forest soil and the wheat productivity. It also aims to establish optimal dosis of «Slavuta-Calcium» granular chalk as the meliorant and mineral fertilizer for grey forest soil in the system of winter wheat fertilization. In the temporary fi eld studies, various doses of nutrients N60–90–120P30–45–60K60–90–120 combined with «Slavuta–Calcium» granular chalk in a dose of Ca230–460–690 kg/ha of the active substance were studied against the background of secondary plowing of rotation products – soybean biomass that averaged 2.34 t/ha. Granular chalk is a modern complex highly eff ective meliorant with the content of Ca – 37.7 and Mg – 0.2 %, the mass fraction of carbonates (CaCO3 + MgCO3) makes at least 95 %. It is characterized by a high level of solubility when interacting with moisture in soil. It has a form of white granules, the mass fraction of 4.0–6.0 mm in size granules makes not less than 90 % and the one of 1.0 mm in size makes less than 5 %. Reactivity – 97 %. The granular chalk is advisable to apply on acidic soils, as a highly concentrated calcium-magnesium fertilizer, with the former as the dominant fertilizer, to optimize the physicochemical properties of the soil, as well as the plant nutrition system, in particular, increasing the availability of an element for assimilation by plants and as long-term ameliorants. The eff ectiveness of the use of mineral fertilizers, in particular acidic nitrogen on highly and medium acidic soils, after chemical reclamation is increased by 30–50 %, and slightly acidic by 15–20 %. The increase in productivity of crops from the combined eff ects of nutrients and chalk granulated is usually higher than when separately applied. The eff ectiveness of the integrated action of these elements is manifested in the growth of plant productivity and the quality of the resulting products, as well as the optimization of physical chemical properties and soil buff ering in the long term. In order to optimize the physicochemical properties of the arable layer of gray forest soil and the productive nutrition of agricultural crops, winter wheat, in particular, biogenic elements should be used in doses N60-90-120P30-45- 60K60-90-120 with granulated chalk «Slavuta-Calcium» in doses of Ca230-460-690 kg/ha of active substance. Granulated chalk obtained as a result of industrial grinding of solid sedimentary carbonate rocks of natural origin, subsequently under the infl uence of the granulation process of the starting material contains Ca and Mg carbonates of at least 95 %, dense granules which facilitates convenient mechanized application, as well as chalk suitable for accurate metered application on the quest map. Key words: granular chalk, gray forest soil, chemical reclamation, crop productivity.

Fertilization System as a Factor of Transforming the Humus State of the Soil

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
V. Lopushniak
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Podzolic Soil ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Content Increase ◽  
Energy Reserves ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Stable Forms

Aim. To establish the effect of different fertilization systems in short fi eld crop rotation on the change in the state of humus in the dark gray podzolic soils in Western Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. Field studies were carried out in a stationary experiment of the Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry of the L’viv National Agrarian University; determination of humus content – according to DSTU 4289:2004, and that of its labile forms – in accordance with DSTU 4732:2007, fraction-group composition – by Ponomare- va-Plotnikova’s method, according to the measurement procedure 31-497058-008-2002. Results. The use of organo-mineral fertilizer system in short fi eld crop rotation with the saturation of organic fertilizers of 15 t/ha of crop rotation contributes to the humus content increase by 0.7 % after the third rotation in 0–40 cm layer of dark gray podzolic soil, the increase in the share of stable forms of humic compounds up to 57–59 % and the increase in the ratio of R HA :R FA to 1.3–1.4. The study demonstrated very high dependence of amount of gross energy reserves in the humus on the R HA :R FA ratio. Conclusions. The combined application of organic fertili- zers in the form of manure, non-market of the crop (straw) and siderate, along with mineral fertilizers is re- commended in short fi eld crop rotations of Western Forest-Steppe of Ukraine toensure expanded reproduction of fertility of dark gray podzolic soil, improvement of its humus status, increase in gross energy reserves and the share of the stable forms and humic acids in the humus.

PROSPECTS OF OBTAINING ALTERNATIVE FUEL FROM VARIOUS BIOMASS AND WASTE SPECIES IN AZERBAIJAN

2019 ◽  
pp. 25-41
Author(s):  
O. M. Salamov ◽  
F. F. Aliyev
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Energy Intensity ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Gaseous Fuels

The paper discusses the possibility of obtaining liquid and gaseous fuels from different types of biomass (BM) and combustible solid waste (CSW) of various origins. The available world reserves of traditional types of fuel are analyzed and a number of environmental shortcomings that created during their use are indicated. The tables present the data on the conditional calorific value (CCV) of the main traditional and alternative types of solid, liquid and gaseous fuels which compared with CCV of various types of BM and CSW. Possible methods for utilization of BM and CSW are analyzed, as well as the methods for converting them into alternative types of fuel, especially into combustible gases.Reliable information is given on the available oil and gas reserves in Azerbaijan. As a result of the research, it was revealed that the currently available oil reserves of Azerbaijan can completely dry out after 33.5 years, and gas reserves–after 117 years, without taking into account the growth rates of the exported part of these fuels to European countries. In order to fix this situation, first of all it is necessary to use as much as possible alternative and renewable energy sources, especially wind power plants (WPP) and solar photovoltaic energy sources (SFES) in the energy sector of the republic. Azerbaijan has large reserves of solar and wind energy. In addition, all regions of the country have large reserves of BM, and in the big cities, especially in industrial ones, there are CSW from which through pyrolysis and gasification is possible to obtain a high-quality combustible gas mixture, comprising: H2 + CO + CH4, with the least amount of harmful waste. The remains of the reaction of thermochemical decomposition of BM and CSW to combustible gases can also be used as mineral fertilizers in agriculture. The available and projected resources of Azerbaijan for the BM and the CSW are given, as well as their assumed energy intensity in the energy sector of the republic.Given the high energy intensity of the pyrolysis and gasification of the BM and CSW, at the present time for carrying out these reactions, the high-temperature solar installations with limited power are used as energy sources, and further preference is given to the use of WPP and SFES on industrial scale.

PARTICULAR QUALITIES OF CONSTRUCTION AND TECHNICAL EXPERTISE OF STRUCTURES AGRICULTURAL WAREHOUSE OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.O. Egorochkina ◽  
◽  
I.A. Serebryanaya ◽  
S. A. Jamaldinov ◽  
F.A. Bataeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional State ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Technical Expertise ◽  
Technical Documentation ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Building Load

The article describes the features of construction and technical expertise of structures of agricultural warehouse of mineral fertilizers. A draft program for visual and detailed instrumental inspection of building load-bearing structures has been developed. In accordance with the recommendations of the regulatory and technical documentation, measures have been developed to repair and restore the functional state of damaged structures.

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