GLOBAL GEOINFORMATION SYSTEM “SUSPENDED SEDIMENT YIELD IN THE RIVER BASINS OF THE EARTH”

2015 ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
O. P. Yermolaev ◽  
K. A. Maltsev ◽  
V. V. Mozzherin ◽  
V. I. Mozzherin
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Geoinformation System ◽  
Suspended Sediment Yield ◽  
The Earth

scholarly journals The main regularities of the ratio between riverbed and basin components of erosion and suspended sediment yield in river basins of the USA

2019 ◽  
pp. 3-24
Author(s):  
A. V. Gusarov ◽  
L. F. Maksyutova
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Suspended Sediments ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Tropical Zone ◽  
Suspended Sediment Yield ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Floodplain Sediments

Suspended sediment yield is one of the objective and sufficiently accurate measures of erosion intensity in river basins. In first approximation, it can be divided into the riverbed component –r(rb), the products of vertical and horizontal riverbed deformations), and basin component – r(bas), the products of soil and gully erosion. An attempt was made to distinguish this erosion structure in the USA river basins based on the partition of suspended sediments of 224 rivers (based on the data from the US Geological Service on the average monthly water discharges and suspended sediment yields) according to the method proposed by one of the authors of the paper, as well as an assessment of its factor dependence. The average r(rb) value for the analyzed rivers of the USA is 7.9±1.1%: for lowland rivers – 10.6±1.7%, for low-mountain (including uplands) rivers – 5.7±1.5%, for mid-mountain rivers – 4.3±1.5%. The geomorphic factor, landscape and climatic conditions within the river basins have a major impact on the suspended sediments flux ratio r(rb)/r(bas). Thus, in the USA plains, the largest average r(rb) portion is in the forest landscapes (taiga, mixed and broadleaf forests of the temperate zone, subtropical forests) – 10–15%. On the contrary, in the arid landscapes (semi-deserts) this value does not exceed 1%. Within these general trends, there are quite strong variations in the r(rb)/r(bas) ratios due to the changes in high river basin areas, agricultural activities and lithologic composition of the riverbed and floodplain sediments. There is an inverse hyperbolic relationship between the actual suspended sediment yield of rivers and the riverbed sediment portion (r(rb)), which is most manifested in the plains and low-mountains of the USA. It is also shown that a composition of the river basin parent (surficial) rocks does not play a significant role in the variability of the r(rb)/r(bas) at this scale of the study. A comparison of the r(rb)/r(bas)-estimates and their factor dependence on the US rivers with the rivers of Northern Eurasia (the territory of the former Soviet Union) makes it possible to reveal good convergence of the results obtained in these parts of the Earth, and to suggest the universal nature of the revealed regularities (in total for 684 river basins) for the whole temperate (partly for subtropical and tropical) zone of the Northern hemisphere of our planet.

scholarly journals The Long-Term Effects of Land Use and Climate Changes on the Hydro-Morphology of the Reno River Catchment (Northern Italy)

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1831 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donatella Pavanelli ◽  
Claudio Cavazza ◽  
Stevo Lavrnić ◽  
Attilio Toscano
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Single Channel ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Lulc Changes ◽  
Suspended Sediment Yield

Anthropogenic activities, and in particular land use/land cover (LULC) changes, have a considerable effect on rivers’ flow rates and their morphologies. A representative example of those changes and resulting impacts on the fluvial environment is the Reno Mountain Basin (RMB), located in Northern Italy. Characterized by forest exploitation and agricultural production until World War II, today the RMB consists predominantly of meadows, forests and uncultivated land, as a result of agricultural land abandonment. This study focuses on the changes of the Reno river’s morphology since the 1950s, with an objective of analyzing the factors that caused and influenced those changes. The factors considered were LULC changes, the Reno river flow rate and suspended sediment yield, and local climate data (precipitation and temperature). It was concluded that LUCL changes caused some important modifications in the riparian corridor, riverbed size, and river flow rate. A 40–80% reduction in the river bed area was observed, vegetation developed in the riparian buffer strips, and the river channel changed from braided to a single channel. The main causes identified are reductions in the river flow rate and suspended sediment yield (−36% and −38%, respectively), while climate change did not have a significant effect.

scholarly journals Pertinent spatio-temporal scale of observation to understand suspended sediment yield control factors in the Andean region: the case of the Santa River (Peru)

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 4641-4657 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. B. Morera ◽  
T. Condom ◽  
P. Vauchel ◽  
J.-L. Guyot ◽  
C. Galvez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Sediment Concentration ◽  
Suspended Sediment Yield ◽  
Control Factors ◽  
Daily Water ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Abstract. Hydro-sedimentology development is a great challenge in Peru due to limited data as well as sparse and confidential information. This study aimed to quantify and to understand the suspended sediment yield from the west-central Andes Mountains and to identify the main erosion-control factors and their relevance. The Tablachaca River (3132 km2) and the Santa River (6815 km2), located in two adjacent Andes catchments, showed similar statistical daily rainfall and discharge variability but large differences in specific suspended-sediment yield (SSY). In order to investigate the main erosion factors, daily water discharge and suspended sediment concentration (SSC) datasets of the Santa and Tablachaca rivers were analysed. Mining activity in specific lithologies was identified as the major factor that controls the high SSY of the Tablachaca (2204 t km2 yr−1), which is four times greater than the Santa's SSY. These results show that the analysis of control factors of regional SSY at the Andes scale should be done carefully. Indeed, spatial data at kilometric scale and also daily water discharge and SSC time series are needed to define the main erosion factors along the entire Andean range.

scholarly journals Factors Controlling Contemporary Suspended Sediment Yield in the Caucasus Region

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 3173
Author(s):  
Valentin Golosov ◽  
Anatoly Tsyplenkov
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Partial Least Square Regression ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Suspended Sediment Yield ◽  
Caucasus Region

This paper discusses the joint impact of catchment complexity in topography, tectonics, climate, landuse patterns, and lithology on the suspended sediment yield (SSY, t km−2 year−1) in the Caucasus region using measurements from 244 gauging stations (GS). A Partial Least Square Regression (PLSR) was used to reveal the relationships between SSY and explanatory variables. Despite possible significant uncertainties on the SSY values, analysis of this database indicates clear spatial patterns of SSY in the Caucasus. Most catchments in the Lesser Caucasia and Ciscaucasia are characterized by relatively low SSY values (<100–150 t km−2 year−1), the Greater Caucasus region generally have higher SSY values (more than 150–300 t km−2 year−1). Partial correlation analyses demonstrated that such proxies of topography as height above nearest drainage (HAND) and normalized steepness index (Ksn) tend to be among the most important ones. However, a PLSR analysis suggested that these variables’ influence is likely associated with peak ground acceleration (PGA). We also found a strong relationship between land cover types (e.g., barren areas and cropland) and SSY in different elevation zones. Nonetheless, adding more gauging stations into analyses and more refined characterizations of the catchments may reveal additional trends.

scholarly journals Sediment Load and Suspended Sediment Concentration Prediction

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 23-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bečvář Martin
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Suspended Sediment Concentration ◽  
Sediment Load ◽  
Sediment Concentration ◽  
River Basins ◽  
River Systems ◽  
Sediment Yields ◽  
Suspended Sediment Concentrations ◽  
Annual Sediment

Sediment is a natural component of riverine environments and its presence in river systems is essential. However, in many ways and many places river systems and the landscape have been strongly affected by human activities which have destroyed naturally balanced sediment supply and sediment transport within catchments. As a consequence a number of severe environmental problems and failures have been identified, in particular the link between sediments and chemicals is crucial and has become a subject of major scientific interest. Sediment load and sediment concentration are therefore highly important variables that may play a key role in environment quality assessment and help to evaluate the extent of potential adverse impacts. This paper introduces a methodology to predict sediment loads and suspended sediment concentrations (SSC) in large European river basins. The methodology was developed within an MSc research study that was conducted in order to improve sediment modelling in the GREAT-ER point source pollution river modelling package. Currently GREAT-ER uses suspended sediment concentration of 15 mg/l for all rivers in Europe which is an obvious oversimplification. The basic principle of the methodology to predict sediment concentration is to estimate annual sediment load at the point of interest and the amount of water that transports it. The amount of transported material is then redistributed in that corresponding water volume (using the flow characteristic) which determines sediment concentrations. Across the continent, 44 river basins belonging to major European rivers were investigated. Suspended sediment concentration data were collected from various European basins in order to obtain observed sediment yields. These were then compared against the traditional empiric sediment yield estimators. Three good approaches for sediment yield prediction were introduced based on the comparison. The three approaches were applied to predict annual sediment yields which were consequently translated into suspended sediment concentrations. SSC were predicted at 47 locations widely distributed around Europe. The verification of the methodology was carried out using data from the Czech Republic. Observed SSC were compared against the predicted ones which validated the methodology for SSC prediction.

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