scholarly journals TEISĖJO ELGESIO IR SPRENDIMO PROGNOZĖS SĄVEIKA VERTINANT PROCEDŪRINĮ TEISINGU

Psichologija ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 87-101
Author(s):  
Alfredas Laurinavičius
Keyword(s):  
Distributive Justice ◽  
Procedural Justice ◽  
Dispute Resolution ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Legal Institutions ◽  
Status Recognition ◽  
Justice Judgments ◽  
Moderate Relationship

Teisingumo klausimas yra svarbus teisminio ginčo nagrinėjimo dalyviams. Suvoktas sprendimo ir procedūrinis teisingumas turi įtakos sprendimo ir jį priimančio asmens vertinimams. Atliktame faktoriniame 3 × 2 × 2 eksperimente buvo tiriama subjektyvios teisėjo sprendimo palankumo prognozės įtaka teisingumo vertinimams. Esant skirtingai teisėjo sprendimo prognozei, teisėjo elgesio ypatumai turi skirtingą įtaką procedūrinio teisingumo ir pasitikėjimo teismais vertinimams. Atliktas eksperimentas parodė, kad teisėjo elgesio ir procedūrinio teisingumo reikalavimų atitikimas yra ypač svarbus vertinant teisėjo elgesį tais atvejais, kai ginčo dalyvis prognozuoja nepalankų sau sprendimą arba neturi aiškios teisėjo sprendimo prognozės. Esant nepalankiai teisėjo sprendimo prognozei, teisėjo elgesio ir procedūrinio teisingumo reikalavimų atitikimas ypač stipriai veikia asmens pasitikėjimą teismais.Pagrindiniai žodžiai: teisingumo psichologija, procedūrinis teisingumas, ginčo sprendimas. THE INTERACTION OF JUDGE’S BEHAVIOR AND JUDGE’S DECISION PROGNOSIS IN THE PROCEDURAL JUSTICE JUDGMENTSAlfredas Laurinavičius SummaryPsychological research shows a big importance of procedural justice in dispute resolution. Perception of procedural justice affects evaluations of the performance of legal institutions and authorities, evaluations of legal decisions and outcomes, satisfaction with encounters with the legal system, support for legal institutions and compliance with law. According to K. van den Bos and E. A. Lind people are more affected by variation in fairness when they feel uncertain. Participants’ expectations about judge’s possible decision can moderate relationship between procedure and subjective evaluation of procedural justice. 3 × 2 × 2 factorial experiment was conducted: 3 (expectation of the possible decision: certainly positive, certainly negative, uncertain)× 2 (decision: positive vs. negative) × 2 (procedure: fair vs. unfair). The experiment was conduced in 2 Vilnius universities, participation was voluntary, participants were not paid. Data of 330 students (men and women) were analyzed. There were between 22 and 36 participants per cell. A scenario method was applied in the experiment. Participants were given a description of legal dispute of non material harm compensation. Participants were asked to imagine themselves as being defendant and evaluated a possibility of positive and negative decision. Participants were shown one of two videotapes with excerpts from litigation session. After watching the excerpt (fair treatment or unfair treatment) they received judge’s final decision (favorable or unfavorab le) and completed the questionnaire. Dependents variables in this experiment were participants’ evaluations of distributive justice, procedural justice, perceived voice, neutrality, trust in benevolence, status recognition and support for courts.A 2 × 2 × 3 ANOVA revealed significant interactions between Expectation and Procedure on perceived voice F (2,318) = 4.513, p < .05, η² = .028, neutrality F (2,318) = 3.413, p < .05, η² = .021 and support for courts F (2,318) = 3.084, p < .05, η² = .019. No interactions were found for distributive justice, procedural justice, trust in benevolence, status recognition. A significant effect of Expectation was found on distributive justice judgments F (2,317) = 5.02, p < .05, η² = .031. Those expected negative decision rated distributive justice more positively.The presented research shows that expectation of judge’s decision can moderate some procedural justice judgments and support for courts judgments. Variation of procedure had biggest effect on evaluation of perceived voice, neutrality and support for courts in condition when participant was expecting negative decision. It seems that expectation of negative decision makes people more sensitive to procedural issues. Being certain about positive decision decreases a role of procedure on those ratings.Keywords: Psychology of Justice, Procedural justice, Dispute resolution.

Organizational Justice: Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow

1990 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 399-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerald Greenberg
Keyword(s):  
Distributive Justice ◽  
Procedural Justice ◽  
Organizational Justice ◽  
Equity Theory ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
Justice Research ◽  
New Directions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Justice Judgments ◽  
Future Work

The present article chronicles the history of the field of organizational justice, identifies current themes, and recommends new directions for the future. A historical overview of the field focuses on research and theory in the distributive justice tradition (e.g., equity theory) as well as the burgeoning topic of procedural justice. This forms the foundation for the discussion offive popular themes in contemporary organizational justice research: (a) attempts to distinguish procedural justice and distributive justice empirically, (b) the development of new conceptual advances, (c) consideration of the interpersonal determinants of procedural justice judgments, (d) new directions in tests of equity theory, and (e) applications of justice-based explanations to many different organizational phenomena. In closing, a plea is made for future work that improves procedural justice research methodologically (with respect to scope, setting, and scaling), and that attempts to integrate and unify disparate concepts in the distributive and procedural justice traditions.

scholarly journals ORGANIZATIONAL JUSTICE AND AFFECTIVE COMMITMENT TO CHANGE IN EMPLOYEES OF MULTIFINANCIAL SERVICE COMPANY

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60
Author(s):  
Safitri Primawidi ◽  
Wustari Mangundjaya
Keyword(s):  
Distributive Justice ◽  
Procedural Justice ◽  
Organizational Justice ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Affective Commitment ◽  
Commitment To Change ◽  
Multiple Regressions ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Service Company

The aim of the study is to investigate the role of organizational justice to affective commitment to change. The study was conducted based on data collected from 42 employees working in head office of multifinancial service company. It is made up of 16 males and 26 females’ employees. Affective commitment to change was measured using Herscovitch and Meyer’s Affective Commitment to Change Scale (6 items; α= .828). While organizational justice was measured using Colquitt’s Organizational Justice Scale (20 items; α=.905). The hypotheses were tested using multiple regressions. The result showed R2 of .821, meaning that 82% of affective commitment to change can be explained by organizational justice. Among four dimensions of organizational justice, procedural justice has the most influence and significant role on affective commitment to change (β= .445, p<.001), followed by distributive justice (β = .336, p<.001). The findings of the study demonstrated that organizational justice has positive significant impact on affective commitment to change, particularly distributive and procedural justice. Based on this study, in order to develop affective commitment to change in these multifinance company employees, to design intervention to increase organizational justice is neccessary.

scholarly journals ORGANIZACINIO TEISINGUMO VAIDMUO PRIIMANT SPRENDIMUS PAAUKŠTINTI

Psichologija ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 46-82
Author(s):  
Jurgita Lazauskaitė-Zabielskė ◽  
Dalia Bagdžiūnienė
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Distributive Justice ◽  
Procedural Justice ◽  
Organizational Justice ◽  
Turnover Intentions ◽  
Interactional Justice ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Trust In Management

Nors organizacinis teisingumas turi svarbių padarinių organizacijoje, esama vos keleto tyrimų, nagrinėjančių organizacinio teisingumo vaidmenį priimant sprendimus dėl paaukštinimo. Todėl buvo atliktas tyrimas, kurio tikslas buvo nustatyti suvokto skirstymo, procedūros ir sąveikos teisingumo vaidmenį priimant sprendimus paaukštinti. Šiuo tyrimu siekiama išsiaiškinti, kaip suvoktas skirstymo, procedūros ir sąveikos teisingumas yra susijęs su sprendimo dėl pareigų paaukštinimo palankumu, pasitenkinimu darbu ir paaukštinimo galimybėmis, įsipareigojimu organizacijai, ketinimu išeiti, pasitikėjimu vadovu ir vadovybe. Tyrime dalyvavo 132 darbuotojai iš įvairių organizacijų. Tyrimo rezultatai atskleidžia, kad suvoktas skirstymo teisingumas yra teigiamai susijęs su sprendimo dėl pareigų paaukštinimo palankumu ir pasitenkinimu darbu. O suvoktas procedūros teisingumas yra teigiamai susijęs su įsipareigojimu organizacijai ir neigiamai susijęs su ketinimais išeiti. Be to, suvoktas skirstymo ir sąveikos teisingumas yra teigiamai susijęs su pasitenkinimu paaukštinimo galimybėmis. Galiausiai tais atvejais, kai sprendimą dėl pareigų paaukštinimo priima tiesioginis vadovas, suvoktas sąveikos teisingumas yra susijęs su pasitikėjimu vadovu. O kai sprendimą paaukštinti pareigas priima aukštesnio lygio (netiesioginis) vadovas, suvoktas sąveikos teisingumas yra susijęs su pasitikėjimu vadovybe. Maža to, nei suvoktas procedūros, nei suvoktas sąveikos teisingumas nėra susiję su sprendimo dėl pareigų paaukštinimo palankumu.Pagrindiniai žodžiai: skirstymo teisingumas, procedūros teisingumas, sąveikos teisingumas, pareigų paaukštinimas. The Role of Organizational Justice in Promotion Decisions Jurgita Lazauskaitė-Zabielskė, Dalia Bagdžiūnienė SummaryOrganizational justice perceptions are important for organizations, because they help to predict organizationally important outcomes. However, justice regarding promotions in particular is studied less than other types of organizational justice. Therefore the research was conducted to examine the role of organizational justice aspects, i. e. distributive, procedural and interactional justice, in promotion decisions. The purpose of this study was to determine how perceived distributive, procedural and interactional justice are related to favourability of promotion decision and various levels of outcomes. In particular, this study explored the relationship between perceived distributive, procedural and interactional justice and job satisfaction, satisfaction with promotion opportunities, organizational commitment, turnover intentions, trust in supervisor and trust in management. 132 employees from various organizations participated in the study. The results of the study revealed that favourability of promotion decision (i. e. promotion or non-promotion) is related to perceived distributive justice (Z = –5.867, p ≤ 0.001), but not related to perceived procedural and interactional justice. While perceived justice of decision is related to decision favourability, fair procedures and fair interpersonal treatment is valued irrespective of it. The study also showed that different aspects of organizational justice are related to different outcomes. Perceived distributive justice is related to job satisfaction (β = 0.602, p ≤ 0.01) and satisfaction with promotion opportunities (β = 0.721, p ≤ 0.01). The more decision regarding promotion is considered as fair the more employees are satisfied with their job and promotion opportunities. Perceived procedural justice is the best predictor of organizational outcomes such as organizational commitment (β = 0.676, p ≤ 0.01) and turnover intentions (β = 0.687, p ≤ 0.01). When employees perceive promotion procedures as fair they are more committed to organization and less likely to leave. Moreover, perceived interactional justice is positively related to satisfaction with promotion opportunities (β = 0.138, p ≤ 0.01). Finally, when promotion decisions are made by supervisor, perceived interactional justice is positively related to trust in supervisor (β = 0.716, p ≤ 0.01). On the other hand when promotion decisions are made by upper-level manager, perceived interactional justice is positively related to trust in management (β = 0.682, p ≤ 0.01). Limitations of the study and possibilities for future researches and practical applications are discussed. Keywords: distributive justice, procedural justice, interactional justice, promotion decisions.

scholarly journals Procedural Justice Concerns and Technologically Mediated Interactions with Legal Authorities

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-337
Author(s):  
Alana Saulnier ◽  
Diane Sivasubramaniam
Keyword(s):  
Distributive Justice ◽  
Procedural Justice ◽  
Group Membership ◽  
Border Crossings ◽  
Interpersonal Interactions ◽  
Justice Theory ◽  
Human Agent ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Security Agent ◽  
Justice Judgments

The use of surveillance technologies by legal authorities has intensified in recent years. As new data collection technologies expand into law enforcement spaces previously dominated by interpersonal interactions, questions emerge about whether the public will evaluate interpersonal and technologically mediated interactions with legal authorities in the same ways. In an analysis guided by procedural justice theory, we examine whether and how legal authorities’ use of decision-making technology affects public evaluations of an authority-subordinate interaction and its outcome in the context of airport border crossings. Using an experimental vignette design (N = 278), we varied whether an encounter between a traveller and border security “agent” that produced a secondary search was described as interpersonal (conducted by a human agent) or technologically mediated (conducted by a machine agent). We also varied the traveller’s group membership relative to the nation-state, describing the traveller as either born in the country in question and a member of the nation’s most common racial group (in-group) or not born in the country and a racial minority (out-group). Both encounter type and group membership independently affected perceptions of the interaction (procedural justice judgements) and its outcome (distributive justice judgments). Technologically mediated encounters improved perceptions of procedural and distributive justice. Further, procedural justice judgments mediated the relationship between encounter type and distributive justice, demonstrating how perceptions of interactions influence perceptions of the outcomes of those interactions. Out-group members were evaluated as having worse experiences across all measures. The findings underscore the importance of extending tests of procedural justice theory beyond interpersonal interactions to technologically mediated interactions.

Intra- and inter-justice relationships: Assessing the direction

2000 ◽  
Vol 53 (10) ◽  
pp. 1329-1355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina Robbins ◽  
Timothy P. Summers ◽  
Janice L. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Distributive Justice ◽  
Procedural Justice ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Turnover Intentions ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Reciprocal Relationships ◽  
Lagged Effects ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Justice Judgments ◽  
Influence Perceptions

This field study used structural equation modeling to investigate the relationships among: (1) distributive and procedural justice; (2) justice components and organizational commitment; and (3) justice components and behaviors/behavioral intentions. The results suggest that, over time, procedural justice judgments are likely to influence perceptions of distributive justice, but not vice versa. In addition, the results suggest that both distributive justice and procedural justice have reciprocal relationships with commitment and turnover intentions, although in some cases they are contingent on lagged effects. Relationships between procedural justice and behaviors (i.e. compliance, performance) were unidirectional, significant only in the justice-to-behavior direction.

The impossibility of a Rawlsian liberal

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Judge
Keyword(s):  
Distributive Justice ◽  
Procedural Justice ◽  
Neoclassical Model ◽  
Economic Theories ◽  
Procedural Approach

Abstract This article critically examines the role of the neoclassical model of the market within Rawlsian liberalism. Although Rawls claims agnosticism towards particular economic theories, I show how the neoclassical model anchors Rawls’s approach of transmuting distributive efficiency into distributive justice. However, the assumptions underlying the neoclassical model are not descriptively accurate as Rawls’s key construct of pure procedural justice requires. Without the neoclassical model and the pure procedural approach to distribution it uniquely enables, Rawlsian liberalism recreates the very problem of pluralism it is premised on resolving. This article surfaces this paradox for Rawlsian liberalism: it relies essentially on market distribution yet cannot justify these arrangements within the confines of the theory.

Demeanor and police culture

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 537-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin Pickett ◽  
Justin Nix
Keyword(s):  
Procedural Justice ◽  
Police Department ◽  
Social Identification ◽  
Police Culture ◽  
Police Reform ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Group Engagement ◽  
Justice Judgments

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to revisit classic theoretical arguments regarding the broad effects of civilian demeanor on policing and extend associated findings. Design/methodology/approach The theoretical framework draws on insights from the literatures on police culture, the group engagement model and fairness heuristic theory. The authors argue that demeanor is best conceptualized as the degree of procedural justice exhibited by civilians toward police. Theoretically, procedurally just cooperation should influence officers’ adherence to police culture by affecting their social identification and assessments of civilians’ motives and moral deservingness. To test the hypotheses, the authors surveyed sworn officers from a large metropolitan police department in the southeastern USA in the Fall of 2016. Findings Results reveal that officers use their procedural justice judgments as heuristics to assess civilians’ trustworthiness, dangerousness, and moral deservingness, and these judgments influence their policing style. Officers who perceive greater procedurally just cooperation by civilians feel less threatened by the public, are more willing to use procedural justice themselves, and are less supportive of a “tough cop” policing style. Originality/value The authors propose that: civilian demeanor is best conceptualized as the extent to which civilians exhibit procedural fairness toward the police; and in order for meaningful police reform to occur, it is important to acknowledge the role of civilian demeanor in shaping officers’ attitudes, beliefs and behaviors.

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