scholarly journals Glycemic control and its impact on oxidative stress biomarkers in type 2 diabetic patients treated with metformin: a cross-sectional analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 33630
Author(s):  
Ismaila A. Lasisi ◽  
Kamoru A. Adedokun ◽  
Musiliu A. Oyenike ◽  
Musa A. Muhibi ◽  
Ramat T. Kamorudeen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Hemoglobin A1c ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Fasting Glycemia ◽  
Chronic Hyperglycemia ◽  
Glycemia Level ◽  
Total Antioxidant

AIMS: Evidence shows that diabetic patients may be predisposed to oxidative stress owing to increased glyco-oxidation and lipid peroxidation processes in consequence of chronic hyperglycemia. However, there is dearth of information whether glycemic control positively affects the antioxidant defense system in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We investigated the potential association between glycemic control and oxidative stress biomarkers in controlled and uncontrolled diabetic states. METHODS: After obtaining ethical clearance, we included patients receiving metformin with glycated hemoglobin A1c ˂7.0% (glycemic control); newly diagnosed T2DM patients without glycemic control with hemoglobin A1c ˃7.0%; and apparently healthy normoglycemic individuals. The following biomarkers were determined: fasting glycemia level, malondialdehyde, glutathione peroxidase activity, catalase activity, total antioxidant capacity and total cholesterol level. The comparisons between the groups were made by ANOVA. RESULTS: The participants were 260 in number: 80 with controlled diabetes, 80 uncontrolled and 100 controls. All participants were between 40 and 71 years old. Fasting glycemia level and hemoglobin A1c showed significant reductions (p<0.05) in controlled T2DM against the uncontrolled T2DM group, all the same both were significantly higher (p<0.05) against the controls. Likewise, malondialdehyde levels showed significant elevations (p<0.05) correspondingly in both uncontrolled and controlled T2DM against the controls, accompanied with significant reductions (p<0.05) in the antioxidative enzyme activities (glutathione peroxidase activity and catalase activity) and total antioxidant capacity levels against the controls. In addition, total cholesterol was significantly reduced (p<0.05) in controlled T2DM against both uncontrolled T2DM and controls, respectively. There were significant correlations between hemoglobin A1c and oxidative stress biomarkers (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: There was no remarkable difference in oxidative stress states between glycemic controlled and uncontrolled T2DM, despite differences in their fasting glycemia and glycated hemoglobin levels. Our data, therefore, suggest that chronic hyperglycemia and possibly anti-diabetic medicationmay both equally associate with oxidative stress. 

scholarly journals Glycaemic Regulation with Zinc Combination in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
Gangaram Bhadarge ◽  
Pratibha Dawande ◽  
Nandkishor Bankar ◽  
Raunak Kotecha
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Chronic Hyperglycemia ◽  
Low Levels

Introduction: Zn supplementation improved glutathione peroxidase enzyme activity and decreased malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels in diabetic rats, revealing Zn's defensive effect against oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes. The investigators have discovered that consuming Zn increased liver function and protected pancreatic tissue from damage caused by diabetes. Since Zn also prevents chronic hyperglycemia, it helps to minimize oxidative stress caused by type 2 diabetes. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global health problem that affects more than 3 million people worldwide (16% of population). Chronic hyperglycemia causes oxidative stress in diabetic patients by the development of free radicals (oxidants) and lowering the antioxidant protection mechanism. Aim: Glycaemic Regulation with Zinc Combination in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Materials and Methods: Faculty of Medicine and Diabetic Opd, Datta Meghe Mediсаl Соllege and Shаlinitаi Meghe Hоsрitаl аnd Reseаrсh Сenter, Nаgрur in соllаbоrаtion with Dаttа Meghe Institute оf Mediсаl Sсienсes Deemed to be University, Sаwаngi, Wаrdhа, Mаhаrаshtrа. Results: The mean Zn level was 12.213±2.342in all participants and 9.121±1.782 in the control group, whereas it was significantly low (9.121±1.782) in the diabetic group, and there was statistically significant difference in Zn levels between the controls and the diabetic group (P < 0.001).FBS, HbA1C, serum Zinc mean effects between control and patients showed statistically significant differences in type 2 diabetes mellitus (P <0.0001). Conclusion: Our findings show that people with diabetes have lower levels of Zn than healthy people. The cause and effect of the association between very low levels of Zn and the progression of diabetes, or diabetes that causes Zn deficiency, is still unknown. Low levels of Zn are associated with poor glycemic control, and poor glycemic control is a good indication of Zn deficiency, as there was a negative association between serum Zn and FBS and HBA1C. If diabetic patients have low glycemic regulation, a long history of diabetes, obesity, or are over the age of 50, we look to assess their levels in Zn so that Zn alternative treatment can begin to release oxidative stress in this high-risk group.

scholarly journals Oxidative stress biomarkers in pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Gombe, North-eastern Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 57-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Haruna Yeldu ◽  
Yakubu Ibrahim ◽  
Shehu Abubakar Akuyam ◽  
Isah Muhammad Danasabe ◽  
Buhari Shehu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Stress Biomarkers ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Background: Oxidative stress may play an important role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). To our knowledge there is paucity of data on the status of oxidative stress biomarkers among PTB patients in Gombe, North-eastern Nigeria. Our study was designed to evaluate the oxidative stress biomarkers in pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Gombe, North-eastern Nigeria. Aims and Objectives: To determine the serum levels of oxidative stress biomarkers among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in Gombe metropolis, North-eastern Nigeria and to assess the correlation between the oxidative stress biomarkers in pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional comparative study was conducted in a tertiary health care facility with 40 pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients on anti-TB drugs treatment (ATT), 40 newly diagnosed PTB patients not yet on anti-TB drugs treatment (ATT-naïve) and 40 age- and sex-marched apparently healthy subjects (controls). Serum total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) and oxidative stress index (OSI) determined using standard techniques. Data was analysed using INSTAT® (Graph Pad Software Inc., La Jolla, CA, USA). Results: Serum levels of TOS, OSI, MDA and NO were significantly (p ˂ 0.001) increased in PTB patients (ATT and ATT-naïve) when compared with healthy individuals. Serum TAS and body mass index (BMI) were significantly (p ˂ 0.001) decreased in PTB patients when compared with healthy individuals. Serum TOS significantly correlated with serum OSI, MDA and NO in ATT-naïve PTB patients. Conclusion: This study observed an increased oxidative stress biomarkers and decreased total antioxidant status in newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis patients and those on treatment. Our findings suggest that antioxidants supplementation and improved nutrition in the management of pulmonary tuberculosis patients may go a long way in preventing the oxidative onslaught and further complications in PTB patients.

scholarly journals Assessment of Glycemic Control, Renal Function, and Oxidative Stress Parameters in Type 2 Diabetes MellitusPatients

2021 ◽  
pp. 4628-4638
Author(s):  
Hawraa Sabah Al-Musawi ◽  
MakarimQassim Al-Lami ◽  
Ali H. Al-Saadi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Oxidative Stress Parameters ◽  
Chronic Hyperglycemia ◽  
Stress Parameters

Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a multifactorial syndrome that israpidly rising in all the continents ofthe globe, causing elevated blood sugar levels in affected people. A sample of 81 Iraqi T2DM patients was investigated based on several parameters. Glycemic control parameters includedlevels of fasting blood glucose (FBG),glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C), and insulin, along with insulin resistance (IR) and insulin sensitivity (IS). Renal function tests includedmeasuring the blood levels of urea and creatinine. Oxidative stress parameters included total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and thelevel of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The results of the presentstudy showed a highly significant (P˂0.01) increase in FBG, HbA1c, insulin and IR levels in T2DM patients as compared to control.Insulin sensitivity showed a highly significant (p˂0.01) decrease in patients compared with control.Urea and creatinine levelsincreased in T2DM patients, but the differences were insignificant. TAC levelsignificantly (P<0.05) increased in patients compared with control. Also, the levels of ROSrevealed a highly significant (P<0.01) increasein T2DM patients compared with the control. Correlation analysis showedthat FBG has a highly significant (P<0.01) positive correlation with IR, urea, creatinine and ROS, as well as a significant (P<0.05) positive correlation with TAC. However, FBG shows a highlysignificant (P< 0.01) inverse correlation with IS. The levels of HbA1C show a significant (P<0.05) positive correlation with IR, creatinine, and TAC, whereas ithas a highly significant (P<0.01) positive relation with ROS. However, HbA1C level has a highly significant (P<0.01) inverse relation with IS. Insulin has highly significant (P<0.01) positive and negative associations with IR and IS, respectively.IR showshighlya significant (P<0.01) inverse correlation with IS, significant (P<0.05) positive correlation with creatinine, and highly significant (P<0.01) positive correlation with ROS. IS has a significant(P< 0.05) inverse correlation with urea. Urea shows a highly significant (P<0.01) positive correlation with creatinine. TAC has a significant (P<0.05) inverse correlation with ROS. Conclusion: diabetic patients revealed poor glycemic control. Fluctuating blood glucose concentrations may contribute significantly to oxidative stress, probablyeven more than chronic hyperglycemia. The observed significant positive correlation between FBG and the other tested parameters revealed that hyperglycemia is an obvious independent risk factor for T2DM progression.

Effects of chromium supplementation on oxidative Stress biomarkers

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Amini ◽  
Fatemeh Sheikhhossein ◽  
Farhang Djafari ◽  
Alireza Jafari ◽  
Kurosh Djafarian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Chromium Picolinate ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Abstract. Aim: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of chromium supplementation on oxidative stress biomarkers such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant status (TAS), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), catalase (CAT), nitric oxide (NO), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and protein carbonyl. Methods: Relevant studies, published from inception until July 2019, were searched through PubMed/Medline, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, Embase, and Google Scholar. All randomized clinical trials investigating the effect of chromium supplementation on oxidative stress were included. Results: Out of 252 citations, 10 trials that enrolled 595 subjects were included. Chromium supplementation resulted in a significant increase in GSH (WMD: 64.79 mg/dl, 95% CI: 22.43 to 107.15; P=0.003) but no significant change in MDA, TAS, TBARS levels, SOD, CAT levels and GPX. Chromium picolinate supplementation resulted in a significant increase in TAC while failing to have a significant effect on NO. Moreover, both chromium picolinate and chromium dinicocysteinate supplementation reduced protein carbonyl levels. Conclusion: Overall, this meta-analysis demonstrated that chromium supplementation increased GSH without any significant changes in the mean of GPX, MDA, TAS, TBARS, CAT and SOD.

scholarly journals Change in Oxidative Stress Biomarkers During 30 Days in Saturation Dive: A Pilot Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (19) ◽  
pp. 7118
Author(s):  
Simona Mrakic-Sposta ◽  
Alessandra Vezzoli ◽  
Federica D’Alessandro ◽  
Matteo Paganini ◽  
Cinzia Dellanoce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Decompression Sickness ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Ros Production ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Level Elevation ◽  
Nitric Oxide Metabolites ◽  
Stress Damage

Saturation diving allows divers to reduce the risk of decompression sickness while working at depth for prolonged periods but may increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Such modifications can affect endothelial function by exacerbating oxidative stress. This study investigated the effects of saturation diving on oxidative stress damage. Redox status was evaluated through: ROS production; total antioxidant capacity (TAC); nitric oxide metabolites (NOx); nitrotyrosine (3-NT); and lipid peroxidation (8-iso-PGF2α) assessment. Creatinine and neopterin were analyzed as markers of renal function and damage. Measurements were performed on saliva and urine samples obtained at four time points: pre; deep; post; and 24 h post. Four divers were included in the study. After the saturation dive (post), significant (p < 0.05) increases in ROS (0.12 ± 0.03 vs. 0.36 ± 0.06 µmol.min−1), TAC (1.88 ± 0.03 vs. 2.01 ± 0.08 mM), NOx (207.0 ± 103.3 vs. 441.8 ± 97.3 µM), 3-NT (43.32 ± 18.03 vs. 18.64 ± 7.45 nM·L−1), and 8-iso-PGF2α (249.7 ± 45.1 vs. 371.9 ± 54.9 pg·mg−1 creatinine) were detected. Markers of renal damage were increased as well after the end of the saturation dive (creatinine 0.54 ± 0.22 vs. 2.72 ± 1.12 g-L−1; neopterin 73.3 ± 27.9 vs. 174.3 ± 20.53 μmol·mol−1 creatinine). These results could ameliorate commercial or military diving protocols or improve the understanding of symptoms caused by oxygen level elevation.

Comparative study of cholinergic and oxidative stress biomarkers in brains of diabetic and hypercholesterolemic rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
AM Hegazy ◽  
AS Abdel Azeem ◽  
EM Shahy ◽  
EM El-Sayed
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
High Cholesterol Diet ◽  
Iron Level ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Increased Activity ◽  
The Brain ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Objective: Diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypercholesterolemia (HC) when poorly controlled lead to debilitating central nervous system complications including cognitive deficits and memory impairment. In the present study, we investigated the mechanisms that may be responsible for such deficits. Methods: Both diabetes and HC were induced in two groups of rats independently using alloxan and high cholesterol diet, respectively. Results: Acetyl cholinesterase was significantly increased in brain of diabetic rats. Also, brain malondialdehyde level was extremely elevated in both diabetic and hypercholesterolemic groups. Meanwhile, brain albumin was markedly decreased in both of them. However, the brain iron level was significantly increased in DM with concomitant increase in total antioxidant capacity in the same group as compared to the normal control. The concentration of brain calcium was noticeably increased in HC group. Our results were confirmed by the increased activity of lactate dehydrogenase in both DM and HC groups, indicating major brain cytotoxicity. Conclusions: Overall, our results suggested that both DM and HC have deleterious effects on the brain which may be attributed to oxidative stress and dysregulation of both cholinergic function and calcium level. Administration of antioxidant is recommended in both cases.

scholarly journals A Triple-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial on Impacts of Pioglitazone on Oxidative Stress Markers in Diabetic Kidney Transplant Recipients

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Kharazmkia ◽  
Shadi Ziaie ◽  
Pedram Ahmadpoor ◽  
Omid Moradi ◽  
Ali Khoshdel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Kidney Transplant ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Kidney Transplant Recipients ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Pioglitazone Group

Background: Oxidative stress as a major mediator of adverse outcomes in kidney transplant recipients who are prone to oxidative stress-mediated injury by pre-transplant and post-transplant conditions. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of Pioglitazone on oxidative stress biomarkers and blood glucose control in diabetic patients receiving insulin after kidney transplantation. Methods: In a triple-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial, sixty-two kidney transplanted diabetic patients (40 men and 24 women) were followed for 4 months after randomly assigned to the placebo group and Pioglitazone group (30 mg/d). All of the patients continued their insulin therapy irrespective of the group that they were assigned to evaluate the effects of the addition of pioglitazone on blood glucose and oxidative stress biomarkers, Malondialdehyde (MDA) and total protein carbonyls (TPC) serum levels. Results: At baseline, there were no statistically significant differences in glycemic control levels and oxidative markers between the two groups. After 4 months of intervention, a significant improvement occurred in Hemoglobin A1c (HBA1c) in the Pioglitazone group. The changes of HBA1c during 4 months of follow up in the Pioglitazone group show improvement in glucose control were as HBA1c in the placebo group increased by 0.3% (P = 0.0001). Moreover, at the end of the study, the MDA level was significantly lower in the Pioglitazone group (P < 0.0001, 1.22 - 3.90). Regarding the serum level of TPC, the changes were not statistically different at baseline and also at the end of the study between two groups. Conclusions: Administration of Pioglitazone in addition to insulin in diabetic kidney transplant patients not only improved glycemic control (evidenced by HBA1c) but also significantly decreased oxidative stress markers such as MDA.

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