Estimates of variation and heritability of some quantitative and quality characters in Triticum turgidum L. ssp. durum (Desf.)

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-264
Author(s):  
S. Sharma ◽  
Y. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Additive Gene Effects ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
High Heritability

The results obtained for the parental, F 1 and F 2 generations of a 10 × 10 diallel set (excluding reciprocals) of durum wheat revealed that there were significant differences between all the hundred genotypes for all the characters. The genotypes represented a wide range of expression for almost all the characters. High estimates of GCV (genetic coefficient of variation) were observed for the number of effective tillers, grain yield per plant, harvest index and 1000-grain weight. The low values of GCV recorded for days to heading, grain protein content and plant height indicated their limited scope for improvement. High heritability (h 2 ) values ranging from 92.27% (grain yield/plant) to 99.00% (protein content) were observed for all the characters. The highest expected GA (genetic advance) as a percentage of the mean was manifested for harvest index, followed by plant height, number of effective tillers per plant and grain yield per plant. These traits also possessed high estimates of heritability, indicating that most of the variation in these characters was due to additive gene effects. For protein content high heritability was observed with low genetic gain, indicating non-additive gene effects. Thus, a systematic approach based on selection for harvest index, plant height and number of effective tillers per plant on the basis of high per se performance would be the most effective approach for improving the yield level of durum wheat. The wealth of variability available in the hybrid populations offers good prospects for its improvement in the near future.

scholarly journals Genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance estimates in maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. T. Maruthi ◽  
K. Jhansi Rani
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Ear Height

Forty three genotypes of maize were evaluated for eleven traits at the College Farm, College of Agriculture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad to study the genetic divergence and various genetic parameters. There was a significant (P<0.01) difference between genotypes for all the characters, which revealed wide range of variability and high heritability for all the characters. The genetic advance as percent of mean was high for grain yield per plant (73.19%), ear height (51.05%), number of kernels per row (44.40%), plant height (43.46%), 100 grain weight (42.88%), ear length (30.79%), number of kernel rows per ear (25.23%), and ear girth (22.37%) indicating additive gene action for these traits. D2 analysis partitioned the forty three genotypes in to six clusters. The maximum inter cluster distance (39.38) was observed between cluster I and cluster V. Grain yield per plant (38.43%), plant height (14.29%), 100 grain weight (12.85%) and number of kernels per row (12.07%) contributed greatly towards diversity.

scholarly journals ESTIMATION OF SOME GENETIC PRAMETERS IN DURUM WHEAT

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Almajidy & et al.
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Selection Index ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Genetic Progress ◽  
Environmental Variance ◽  
High Heritability

To estimate genetic parameters and heritability in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum var. durum) genotypes, seventeen genotypes (16 exotic from ICARDA and local variety (Buhooth 7)) were included in this study. This experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design with three replications at Field Crops Research Station, Abu-Graib, Office of Agricultural Research, during 2011-2012 and 2012-2013. The results revealed significant differences among genotypes for the studied characters at both seasons. The best genetic/environmental variance ratio attained for spike length (11.90) and no. of spikes. m-2 (9.22) in the first season, and grain yield (8.82) then harvest index (4.87) in the second season. High GCV observed for grain yield (15.68), no. of spikes. m-2 (15.18) in the first season, and harvest index (16.89) and grain yield (14.22) in the second season. High heritability estimates associated with high genetic advance for no. of spikes. m-2, in the first season. While, moderate h2bs estimates associated with high GA for same trait in the second season. Expected response to selection ranged from 0.93 to 84.6, also selection index ranged from 1.23 to 106.44 for grain yield and number of spikes. m-2, respectively in the first season also the same pattern was observed for value of second season. Characteristics like no. of spikes. m-2, plant height, no. of grains. Spike-1 and grain weight showed high heritability coupled with high genetic progress. Therefore, these characters should be given top priority during selection breeding in durum wheat.

Combining ability and heterosis studyin maize inbreds throughout diallel mating design

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 599-609
Author(s):  
ANMS Karim ◽  
S Ahmed ◽  
AH Akhi ◽  
MZA Talukder ◽  
A Karim
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Additive Type ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Ear Height

Combining ability effects were estimated for grain yield and some other important agronomic traits of maize in a 7×7 diallel analysis excluding reciprocals. The variances for general combining ability (GCA) were found significant for yield, days to pollen shedding, days to silking and ear height while it was found non-significant for plant height and number of kernels/ear. Non-significant general combining ability (GCA) variance for plant height and number of kernels/ear indicates that these two traits were predominantly controlled by non- additive type of gene action. Specific combining ability (SCA) was significant for all the characters except yield and days to silking. Non-significant specific combining ability (SCA) variance for yield and days to silking suggests that these two traits were predominantly controlled by additive type of gene action. Both GCA and SCA variances were found significant only in days to pollen shedding and ear height indicated the presence of additive as well as non additive gene effects for controlling the traits. However, relative magnitude of these variances indicated that additive gene effects were more prominent for all the characters studied except days to silking. Parent BIL95 was the best general combiner for both high yield and number of kernels/ear and parent BML4 for dwarf plant type. Two crosses (BML4× BML36 and BIL114× BIL31) exhibited significant and positive SCA effects for grain yield involved low × average and average × average general combining parents. The range of heterosis expressed by different crosses for grain yield and days to silking was from -65.83 to 21.26 percent and -17.85 to 8.22 percent, respectively.. The better performing three crosses (BIL114×BIL31, BIL138×BIL95 and BIL31×BIL95) can be utilized for developing high yielding hybrid varieties as well as for exploiting hybrid vigour.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 43(4): 599-609, December 2018

Variability, character association and path coefficient analysis of green pod yield and its related traits in pea (Pisum sativum L.)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keshav K. Gautam ◽  
M. M. Syamal ◽  
A. K. Singh ◽  
Nakul Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Character Association ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Positive Direct ◽  
Number Of Branches

Genetic variability, character association and path coefficient studies were carried out for yield and yield contributing characters for twenty-four diverse genotype of pea. The results revealed a wide range of phenotypic variation, along with high heritability in pea. Highest pod yield per plant was recorded in VRP-229 followed by VRP-372 and VRP-305. The characters namely, plant height and weight of seeds per pod showed high magnitude, while number of pods per plant, number of branches per plant and pod yield per plant showed moderate magnitude for phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation. The heritability and genetic advance were high for days to first pod initiation, plant height and pod yield per plant indicating its additive gene action for their expression. Character association studies revealed that pod yield per plant exhibit positive and highly significant correlation with number of pods per plant, number of branches per plant and days to fifty percent flowering. The path coefficient studies also revealed that maximum positive direct effect was observed through number of pods per plant followed by days to first flowering, single pod weight and pod length towards yield indicated that these characters may be considered as the most reliable selection indices while making selection for high yielding genotypes.

scholarly journals Assessment of high yielding local Pakistani bread wheat genotypes for improved chapati making quality

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Jabeen Farheen ◽  
Farzana Nasir Naqvi
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Sds Page ◽  
Glutenin Protein ◽  
And Cluster Analysis

The experiment was conducted to classify the maximum glutenin protein possessed Pakistani bread wheat genotype for superlative chapati making quality by ten yield-related parameters. The studied germplasm was acquired from NARC, Pakistan, and planted in randomized-complete-block-design with four replicates at the screen house of the Genetics Department. Data were assessed via Duncan’s test, correlation analysis, SDS-PAGE, and cluster analysis. Duncan’s test conceded that Pirsabak-85 had the highest plant height, flag leaf area, biomass, grain yield plantˉ1, harvest index, and protein content. While, the correlation studies showed that plant height, tillers plantˉ1 (r = 0.649), fertile tillers plantˉ1 (r = 0.713),biomass (r = 0.861), spike length (LS), thousand-grain weight and harvest index had a positive higher significant association with grain yield plantˉ1. The SDS-PAGE analysis resolved 30 diverse high and low molecular weight bands, ranging from 200 kDa to 28 kDa glutenin subunits. Among genotypes, Pirsabak-85 showed maximum protein content and 10 Glu-1 scores. The dendrogram analysis revealed that Pirsabak-85 associated with cluster-II, which was a major and most diverged cluster. The Pirsabak-85 can be utilized to enhance bread wheat production and better chapati making quality

scholarly journals GENETIC VARIABILITY FOR GRAIN NUTRIENTS CONTENT IN COASTAL RICE COLLECTIONS OF BANGLADESH

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 182-201
Author(s):  
F Shahrin ◽  
P Roy ◽  
M S Raihan ◽  
M M Haque ◽  
M G Rasul
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Clustering Methods ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Rice Genotypes

Overcoming malnutrition through biofortification breeding in rice is aimed to assist nutritional food security in Bangladesh. So to select parents for nutritional improvement, estimation and exploitation of mineral nutrients reserves of rice grain and their variability assessment in different genotypes is essential. Eighty-five (85) T. aman rice genotypes collected from different coastal regions of Bangladesh were evaluated at the Advanced Plant Breeding laboratory, GPB of BSMRAU to estimate the grain nutrients content and to elucidate their genetic variability among the genotypes. Considerable significant variation (0.1% level of probability) was noted among the genotypes for studied different grain nutrient contents and yield per hill. The mean values of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Zn, Fe, Cu, Mn and grain yield/ hill were 10788.24 mg/kg, 804.85 mg/kg, 3798.58 mg/kg, 13795.29 mg/kg, 2778.87 mg/kg, 3771.17 mg/kg, 7.25 mg/kg, 5.01 mg/kg, 1.05 mg/kg, 1.90 mg/kg and 433.29 g, respectively. Box and whisker plots analysis were done to represent data graphically for better understanding. Histogram was used to present the frequency distribution of genotypes for N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Zn, Fe, Cu, Mg and Grain yield/hill content in 85 diverged rice genotypes All the traits had equality in genotypic and phenotypic variances with high heritability and high genetic advance which indicated preponderance of additive gene effects for these traits. The genotype R080 (Chinigura) contained the highest content of grain P, Fe and Cu. The R030 (Mota Dhan), R040 (Dudh Kalam) and R019 (Chikon Dhan) were noted for the highest Ca, Mg and Na content, respectively. The maximum N and Zn content were observed in R029 (Dudh Kolom) and R075 (Gopal Bogh), respectively. R083 (Lal Dhan) was marked for the highest grain yield/ hill and K content. Genetic variability parameters, heat map analysis and neighbor joining clustering methods indicated these genotypes including R079 can be considered for biofortification program and used as parents for the improvement of those grain nutrients in rice breeding.

scholarly journals 152 GENETIC ANALYSIS OF CUCUMBER QUANTITATIVE TRAITS IN THE PARENTS AND THEIR F1 DIALLEL ANALYSIS

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 450e-450
Author(s):  
Seif H. Gad El-Hak ◽  
Saved. H. Mahmoud ◽  
Mohamed A.. Abobakr ◽  
Ragab M. Alv
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Diallel Crosses ◽  
Additive Gene Effects ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Cucumber Yield

Five lines of cucumber and their 10 F1 diallel crosses were statistically and graphically analyzed to evaluate their performance for eight quantitative traits. Additive and non-additive gene effects were involved in the inheritance of all traits. The variances due ro GCA and SCA effects were highly significant for all traits, but the GCA effect was much greater than SCA except In the case of plant height. The cucumber “TMG-1” and “Yomaki” genotypes were superior for GCA as well as SCA for early and total yields per plant, respectively. Therefore, they can be involved in hybrid programs improvement for cucumber yield under similar conditions.

Association studies between quantitative and qualitative traits in rabi sorghum

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rekha Chittapur ◽  
B. D. Biradar
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Superior Genotype ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Panicle Weight

One hundred <italic>rabi</italic> sorghum germplasm lines of diverse origin were used to estimate genetic variability parameters such as heritability, genetic advance and correlation for 15 quantitative traits. The study was conducted under rainfed conditions during <italic>rabi</italic> season. High phenotypic coefficient of variation was observed for grain yield, panicle weight, panicle length, number of primaries and dead heart percentage. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance were observed for the characters days to flowering, dead heart percentage, panicle weight panicle length, number of primaries per panicle, test weight and grain yield per plant indicating that additive gene effects were operating for these traits and selection for superior genotype was possible to bring genetic improvement in desired direction. Grain yield had positive and highly significant association with plant height, panicle weight, number of primaries, panicle weight and test weight, whereas negative and highly significant correlation with seed fat content and protein content.

Detection and estimation of components of genetic variation and genotype × environment interaction in three wheat crosses

1984 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 543-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Singh ◽  
M. S. Dahiya
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction ◽  
Additive Component ◽  
Spike Number ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

SummaryThe data obtained from 360 progeny families produced by crossing 40 F2 plants from each of three wheat crosses HD 2009 × HD 1949, Raj 821 × WH 147 and NP 876 × HD 1949, to three testers (the testers being the two parents of each original cross and their F1 in each case) were subjected to triple test cross analysis for detecting and estimating additive, dominance and epistatic components of genetic variation and interaction of these components with environment for plant height, spike length, number of tillers per plant, number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike, 1000-grain weight, number of days from sowing to heading and to maturity, grain yield per plant and grain yield/above ground dry matter ratio (harvest index). Epistasis was an important element for plant height, number of tillers per plant, number of grains per spike and grain yield per plant in all three crosses. Both the i type and j and l type epistasis were equally important. In general, the magnitude of additive component was larger than that of dominance component. The additive gene effects were more sensitive to environmental change than the dominance gene effects. Similarly, j and l type epistasis was relatively more sensitive to environment than the i type epistasis.

Genetic analysis of yield and its component traits in spring wheat

2003 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Joshi ◽  
S. N. Sharma ◽  
D. L. Singhania ◽  
R. S. Sain
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Components Of Variance ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Average Average

Combining ability analysis in spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell) involving 10 diverse parents and their 45 F1 and F2 progenies indicated significant differences between the parents for GCA and between the crosses for SCA for all the characters studied. The GCA and SCA components of variance were significant for all the traits. However, the GCA component of variance was predominant, indicating the predominance of additive gene effects for the traits studied. Among the parents HD 2329, Raj 1972, HD 2285 and HD 2428 were the best general combiners for grain yield and average to high combiners for other important traits. The best specific crosses for grain yield were CPAN 3004 × Durgapura 65, Sonalika × HD 2329, Raj 3077 × CPAN 3004, Raj 3077 × HD 2428 and HD 2428 × WH 157.The parent Raj 1972 was the best general combiner for grain yield and protein content, while Raj 3077 and Lok-1 were the best general combiners for protein content. The most suitable specific crosses for protein content were HD 2329 x HD 2285, HD 2428 × Raj 1972 and CPAN 3004 × WH 157. Most of the specific crosses for grain yield and protein content involved high × average, average × average or average × poor general combiners. To ensure a further increase in grain yield along with high protein, combinations of desirable yield components are advocated. The exploitation of additive and non-additive gene actions through bi-parental mating and/or diallel selective mating systems are suggested for a tangible advance in grain yield coupled with high protein in spring wheat.

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