Radiation-Hardened Optical Fibers for High Dosage Space Applications

1991 ◽  
Vol 244 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Miller ◽  
M. F. Yan ◽  
H. A. Watson ◽  
K. T. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Fiber Types ◽  
Space Applications ◽  
Broad Absorption Band ◽  
Pure Silica ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Operating Limits ◽  
Radiation Hardened ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Doped Fibers

ABSTRACTHydrogen doping of optical fibers has been examined as an approach to increase the radiation hardness of optical fibers for high dosage (107 rad) space applications. A systematic study has been performed on 4 types of optical fibers designed to operate at 1.31 and 1.55 μm and doped with up to 8200 ppm H2. For low dosages, the most significant reductions m radiation-induced losses were obtained with low H2 concentrations (<10 ppm). Spectral loss measurements for hydrogen-doped fibers containing GeO2 show a radiation-induced loss peak at 1.45 μm and a broad absorption band around 0.6–0.8 μm. These bands are not observed in the pure silica-core fibers.Fibers were fabricated to permanently trap 2.7 ppm H2 and the radiation-induced losses in these fibers are 35 to 85% that of the untreated fibers. Experimental data are used to delineate the γ-T-α operating limits which define the maximum gamma radiation (γ) dosages at different temperatures (T) while still meeting a requirement of α<150 dB/km. Among the four fiber types, hydrogen-doped silicacore fibers show the widest operating range and smallest radiation-induced loss for space applications. However, hydrogen-doped fibers with moderately high GeO2-doped core offer the best tradeoff between the bending and radiation-induced losses.

Anomalies and peculiarities of radiation-induced light absorption in pure silica optical fibers at different temperatures

2017 ◽  
Vol 121 (21) ◽  
pp. 213104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel F. Kashaykin ◽  
Alexander L. Tomashuk ◽  
Mikhail Yu. Salgansky ◽  
Alexey N. Guryanov ◽  
Evgeny M. Dianov
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Light Absorption ◽  
Pure Silica ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Radiation Induced

Comparative Study of Pulsed X-Ray and$gamma$-Ray Radiation-Induced Effects in Pure-Silica-Core Optical Fibers

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 1756-1763 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Girard ◽  
B. Brichard ◽  
J. Baggio ◽  
F. Berghmans ◽  
M. Decre
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pure Silica ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Silica Core

scholarly journals Extreme Radiation Sensitivity of Ultra-Low Loss Pure-Silica-Core Optical Fibers at Low Dose Levels and Infrared Wavelengths

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (24) ◽  
pp. 7254
Author(s):  
Adriana Morana ◽  
Cosimo Campanella ◽  
Jeoffray Vidalot ◽  
Vincenzo De Michele ◽  
Emmanuel Marin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Data Transfer ◽  
Radiation Detector ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Fiber Types ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Low Loss ◽  
Distributed Sensors ◽  
Pure Silica ◽  
Silica Core

We report here the response of a commercial ultra-low loss (ULL) single-mode (SM) pure silica core (PSC) fiber, the Vascade EX1000 fiber from Corning, associated with 0.16 dB/km losses at 1.55 µm to 40 keV X-rays at room temperature. Today, among all fiber types, the PSC or F-doped ones have been demonstrated to be the most tolerant to the radiation induced attenuation (RIA) phenomenon and are usually used to design radiation-hardened data links or fiber-based point or distributed sensors. The here investigated ULL-PSC showed, instead, surprisingly high RIA levels of ~3000 dB/km at 1310 nm and ~2000 dB/km at 1550 nm at a limited dose of 2 kGy(SiO2), exceeding the RIA measured in the P-doped SM fibers used for dosimetry for doses of ~500 Gy. Moreover, its RIA increased as a function of the dose with a saturation tendency at larger doses and quickly recovered after irradiation. Our study on the silica structure suggests that the very specific manufacturing process of the ULL-PSC fibers applied to reduce their intrinsic attenuation makes them highly vulnerable to radiations even at low doses. From the application point of view, this fiber cannot be used for data transfer or sensing in harsh environments, except as a very efficient radiation detector or beam monitor.

Effects of Ge Co-Doping on P-Related Radiation-Induced Absorption in Er/Yb-Doped Optical Fibers for Space Applications

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (13) ◽  
pp. 2723-2729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuta Kobayashi ◽  
Edson H. Sekiya ◽  
Kazuya Saito ◽  
Ryoichi Nishimura ◽  
Kentaro Ichii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Space Applications ◽  
Induced Absorption ◽  
Co Doping ◽  
Radiation Induced

scholarly journals A Minireview of the Natures of Radiation-Induced Point Defects in Pure and Doped Silica Glasses and Their Visible/Near-IR Absorption Bands, with Emphasis on Self-Trapped Holes and How They Can Be Controlled

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Griscom
Keyword(s):  
Dose Rate ◽  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Point Defects ◽  
Ir Absorption ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Space Applications ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Silica Glasses ◽  
Near Ir ◽  
Radiation Induced

The natures of most radiation-induced point defects in amorphous silicon dioxide (a-SiO2) are well known on the basis of 56 years of electron spin resonance (ESR) and optical studies of pure and doped silica glass in bulk, thin-film, and fiber-optic forms. Many of the radiation-induced defects intrinsic to pure and B-, Al-, Ge-, and P-doped silicas are at least briefly described here and references are provided to allow the reader to learn still more about these, as well as some of those defects not mentioned. The metastable self-trapped holes (STHs), intrinsic to both doped and undoped silicas, are argued here to be responsible for most transient red/near-IR optical absorption bands induced in low-OH silica-based optical fibers by ionizing radiations at ambient temperatures. However, accelerated testing of a-SiO2-based optical devices slated for space applications must take into account the highly supralinear dependence on ionizing-dose-rate of the initial STH creation rate, which if not recognized would lead to false negatives. Fortunately, however, it is possible to permanently reduce the numbers of environmentally or operationally created STHs by long-term preirradiation at relatively low dose rates. Finally, emphasis is placed on the importance and utility of rigorously derived fractal-kinetic formalisms that facilitate reliable extrapolation of radiation-induced optical attenuations in silica-based photonics recorded as functions of dose rate backward into time domains unreachable in practical laboratory times and forward into dose-rate regimes for which there are no present-day laboratory sources.

scholarly journals Radiation Effects on Pure-Silica Multimode Optical Fibers in the Visible and Near-Infrared Domains: Influence of OH Groups

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 2991
Author(s):  
Cosimo Campanella ◽  
Vincenzo De Michele ◽  
Adriana Morana ◽  
Gilles Mélin ◽  
Thierry Robin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Radiation Effects ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Signal Transmission ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Oh Groups ◽  
Pure Silica ◽  
Oxygen Hole ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Radiation Induced

Signal transmission over optical fibers in the ultraviolet to near-infrared domains remains very challenging due to their high intrinsic losses. In radiation-rich environments, this is made even more difficult due to the radiation-induced attenuation (RIA) phenomenon. We investigated here how the number of hydroxyl groups (OH) present in multi-mode (MM) pure-silica core (PSC) optical fibers influences the RIA levels and kinetics. For this, we tested three different fiber samples: one “wet”, one “dry” and one with an intermediate “medium” OH content. The RIA of the three samples was measured in the 400–900 nm (~3 eV to ~1.4 eV) spectral range during and after an X-ray irradiation at a dose rate of 6 Gy(SiO2) s−1 up to a total accumulated dose of 300 kGy(SiO2). Furthermore, we evaluated the H2-pre-loading efficiency in the medium OH sample to permanently improve both its intrinsic losses and radiation response in the visible domain. Finally, the spectral decomposition of the various RIA responses allows us to better understand the basic mechanisms related to the point defects causing the excess of optical losses. Particularly, it reveals the relationship between the initial OH groups content and the generation of non-bridging oxygen hole centers (NBOHCs). Moreover, the presence of hydroxyl groups also affects the contribution from other intrinsic defects such as the self-trapped holes (STHs) to the RIA in this spectral domain.

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