scholarly journals The importance of legislative measures on tobacco control in Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (10) ◽  
pp. 917-921
Author(s):  
Antonio Pedro Mirra ◽  
Adriana Pereira de Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Control ◽  
House Of Representatives ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Tobacco Control Program ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
National Congress ◽  
Smoking Control ◽  
Legislative Measures

Summary Introduction: In the tobacco control program, educational, socioeconomic, ecological and legislative actions should be planned. Legislative actions should include the federal, state and municipal spheres, have a primarily preventive purpose and federal reach. Objective: Survey of bills presented in both legislative houses at federal level, House of Representatives and Senate (which together form the National Congress) and the resulting laws. Method: In the period from 1965 to 2015, 254 bills were filed with the House of Representatives and, from 1971 to 2015, 68 others were presented to the Senate. Results: In the House of Representatives, of the 254 bills, 68.9% were archived/rejected/returned, 14.9% did not have a result, 12.2% are currently being processed/analyzed by commissions, 2.0% refer to the inclusion of amendments/law annexes, 1.2% were transformed into legal norm/proposition of origin and 0.8% were transformed into laws. In the Senate, of the 68 bills, 19.1% were filed, 33.8% did not have a result, 4.4% were currently being processed, and 42.7% referred to changes in the law. Anti--tobacco actions were more prevalent in the periods 1979-1984 by the AMB, 1985-2007 by MS/INCA, and in 2008-2015 by the ACT. Conclusion: Tobacco control legislation has progressed constantly, with the provocation of legislators from both Houses triggered by the MS/INCA and civil entities committed to smoking control, such as a number of non-governmental organizations (especially the AMB and the ACT).

scholarly journals Implementing an Evidence-based Tobacco Control Program at Five 2-1-1 Call Centers: An Evaluation Using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tess Thompson ◽  
Matthew W Kreuter ◽  
Nicole Caito ◽  
Rebecca S Williams ◽  
Cam Escoffery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Implementation Research ◽  
Call Centers ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Tobacco Control Program

scholarly journals Kepentingan Dan Peran Aktor Dalam Pengelolaan Hutan Mangrove Di Desa Pulau Pahawang Kecamatan Marga Punduh Kabupaten Pesawaran

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Iga Yulia Mustika ◽  
Asihing Kustanti ◽  
Rudi Hilmanto
Keyword(s):  
House Of Representatives ◽  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
National Level ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Biodiversity Education ◽  
Fire Wood

Mangrove forest has physical, biological/ecological and social-economics functions. Mangrove forest at Pulau Pahawang Village, Marga Punduh, Subdistrict Pesawaran has many functions which causes many interest of actors. This research was aimed to identify and maping the role of actors interest. This research was conducted on August until October 2015, by using key informant namely agencies village, local communities, public figure, related department and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGO).             The result showed that there was six important aspect namely the existence of the green belt, kind of variety (biodiversity), education facilities, fire wood, non-timber forest product, and tourist facilities. Pulau Pahawang Village has three quadrant matrix interest, quadrant subject has State Ministry of The Environment. Quadrant keyplayers has Department of Forestry and Estate Crops, Mangrove Protected Area Management Agency (BPDPM), and Mitra Bentala as NGOs. Quadrant crowd has Development Planning Agency in Sub-National Level, Land Agency, Department of Maritime and Fisheries Affairs, Regional House of Representatives, and local. Keyword : actor interest, mangrove forest, Pulau Pahawang, role of actor

scholarly journals Coastal Climate Adaptation Literatures of the Southeast and Northeast U.S.: Regional Comparisons among States and Document Sources

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
Kenyon Lindeman ◽  
Christos Giannoulis ◽  
Bryce Beard
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New England ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Almost All

Challenges remain in optimizing the use of increasingly large inflows of climate adaptation articles and guidance documents to improve coastal science and engineering practices. In addition to four major academic databases, the large grey literature was quantified by analyzing web sources of hundreds of government, nonprofit and university reports not previously included in reviews. Three spatial scales were examined for differences in amount and timing of adaptation documents: (a) between region (southeast and northeast U.S.); (b) among sub-region (Florida and Carolinas; New York/New Jersey and New England); and (c) among states (ten states total). Comparisons were also made across spatial scales for document sources (academic journals, government, non-governmental organizations (NGO), university, mixed sources), including four governance subcategories (federal, state, regional and local). Differences were identified among some spatial scales in academic vs. grey literature and among categories of grey literature. 53% of the literature was from grey sources (21% government, 10% university, 8% nonprofit and 14% mixed sources). This literature can be large and is grounded in applied, experiential knowledge, yet is unavailable in almost all academic databases. These relatively hidden documents provide insight into on-the-ground science and engineering case-histories, policy innovations, and power relationships across scales of geography and governance.

scholarly journals Organizational and Financial Analysis of Polish Tobacco Control Program in 2000–2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 2532
Author(s):  
Łukasz Balwicki ◽  
Anna Tyrańska-Fobke ◽  
Małgorzata Balwicka-Szczyrba ◽  
Marlena Robakowska ◽  
Michal Stoklosa
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Financial Analysis ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Health Technology ◽  
National Guidelines ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Tobacco Control Program ◽  
Tobacco Taxes

In accordance with the provisions of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC), each country shall promote and strengthen public awareness of tobacco control issues (Article 12). Many parties to the FCTC have adopted national tobacco control programs to organize their tobacco control activities. The aim of our study was to analyze the organization and funding of the Polish Tobacco Control Program in years 2000–2018. Document analysis of The Program and reports from its implementation were performed in accordance to the Agency for Health Technology Assessment in Poland (AHTAPol) recommendations and the WHO FCTC guidelines for Article 12 implementation. Spending was also analyzed. The study showed both inadequate planning of and funding for Polish Tobacco Control Program. The Program was developed without use of best practices detailed in the WHO FCTC guidelines as well as in national guidelines prepared by AHTAPol. The experience of Poland shows that although earmarking tobacco taxes has existed in the law, it has been largely ineffective due to the poor Tobacco Control Program design and insufficient funding resulting from a poor execution of the earmarking law. This may be a warning to other countries to strive to create law, compliance with which can be verified and controlled.

scholarly journals The Role of Marketing Practices and Tobacco Control Initiatives on Smokeless Tobacco Sales, 2005–2010

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (19) ◽  
pp. 3650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Hrywna ◽  
Irina B. Grafova ◽  
Cristine D. Delnevo
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Ad Valorem Tax ◽  
Product Price ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Excise Tax ◽  
Tobacco Control Program ◽  
Tobacco Sales ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco Products

Background: Little is known about how policies and industry activities impact smokeless tobacco demand. We examined how tobacco control policies and retail promotion may affect smokeless tobacco sales. Methods: We used Nielsen market-level retail scanner data for smokeless tobacco sales in convenience stores in 30 US regions from 2005 to 2010. Tobacco policy variables, including excise taxes, state tobacco control program expenditures, and clean indoor air laws, were merged to Nielsen markets. We estimated regression models for per capita unit sales. Results: Higher cigarette tax was significantly associated with lower sales volume of smokeless tobacco. Sales of smokeless tobacco in markets with a weight-based SLT excise tax were higher than in markets with an ad valorem tax. A higher average product price was associated with decreased sales overall but results varied by package quantity and brand. Conclusions: This study observed that smokeless tobacco products were both complements and substitutes to cigarettes. Thus, smokeless tobacco may act as complements for some population segments and substitutes for others. A weight-based tax generally favors premium smokeless tobacco products.

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