CASE-CONTROL STUDY ON VITAMIN D STATUS IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH EOSINOPHILIC ESOPHAGITIS

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Vitamin D is an essential fat-soluble steroid hormone and vitamin D deficiency is a global public health problem especially among children and adolescents. Factors such as the low intake of vitamin D-rich food sources, poor absorption and less exposure to the sun influence this outcome. Vitamin D has an anti-inflammatory effect in the body by promoting regulatory T cell differentiation as well as recovering T helper 17 cell response and secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic disease, histologically characterized by predominantly eosinophilic inflammation. The most common therapeutic approaches are allergen-eliminating diets, such as excluding cow’s milk, egg, soy, wheat, peanuts and seafood, or more specific dietary restrictions. OBJECTIVE: To verify the serum levels of vitamin D in children and adolescents with eosinophilic esophagitis on a restricted food diet and to analyze their association with nutritional status, consumption of different food sources, exposure to the sun and skin color. METHODS: Case-control study conducted in the city of Campinas-SP, Brazil, in which included patients were aged 2 to 18 years old, and those diagnosed with eosinophilic esophagitis was referred to as the case group (n=15), meanwhile a control group (n=17) was also formed. Epidemiological data, nutritional status, data on vitamin D intake (24-hour recall - performed only by EoE patients - and self-reported intake of vitamin D food sources: milk and dairy products, canned tuna and sardines, Bull’s liver, chicken eggs - applied in both groups), and daily time of sun exposure (≥30 min or ≤30 min) were recorded. The samples were collected for serum levels of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D, where sufficiency levels >30 ng/mL were considered, insufficiency 21 to 30 ng/mL, deficiency <20 ng/mL. RESULTS: There was a higher frequency of vitamin D insufficiency/ deficiency in the Eosinophilic Esophagitis group (P=0.035), even with longer sun exposure (P= 0.035). Skin color was not associated with lower levels of vitamin D in both groups studied. No difference was found in nutritional status between the groups. CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrated a higher frequency of inadequate/ deficient levels of vitamin D in children and adolescents with EoE on a restricted diet. When necessary, serum levels should be investigated and correct exposure to the sun should be encouraged, with special attention to the recommended guidelines, time spent in the sun and the appropriate clothing for correct absorption. Since exposure for more than 30 minutes in the sun does not appear to have provided a protective effect in the EoE group, even in a region with high levels of solar radiation. There was a significant difference only in the consumption of cow’s milk between the case and control groups, demonstrating the low adherence to the restriction diet by the case group. No association was found between serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D levels and nutritional status. Moreover, no association regarding the adequate or inadequate status of 25 hydroxyvitamin D and the consumption vitamin D-rich foods was identified. Multicentered studies with a larger number of cases should be performed to assess serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D levels and associated factors in pediatric patients with EoE.

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Serum Levels of IL-12, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17 and IFN-γ in Female Students with Vitamin D Deficiency

10.21203/rs.3.rs-832276/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Gholamreza Asadikaram ◽

Zahra Jamali ◽

Somayeh Igder ◽

Saeedeh Nabati ◽

Vahid Bagheri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Inflammatory Cytokines ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Female Students ◽

Control Group ◽

Case Group ◽

Immune Functions ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Regulatory Effects

Abstract Background: Several studies demonstrated the regulatory effects of vitamin D3 on the immune system. The aim of this study was to investigate the serum levels of IL-12, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17 and IFN-g cytokines in 11-17 year-old female students with 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25-(OH) D3) (VitD3) deficiency. Methods: 100 subjects with VitD3 deficiency were selected as the case group and an equal number of individuals with sufficient levels of VitD3 were selected as a control group. The serum levels of IL-10, IL-6, IL-12, IFN-g and IL-17 were measured by ELISA method. Results: The results showed that the serum concentrations of IL-12 (P= 0.005) and IFN-g (P= 0.019) were significantly lower in VitD3-deficient group compared to control group. There were no significant differences in serum levels of IL-6 (P= 0.66), IL-10 (P= 0.647) and IL-17 (P= 0.159) between cases and controls.Conclusion: These results suggest that VitD3deficiency may result in decreased inflammatory cytokines production, which are required for proper immune functions. However, the effects of VitD3 on IL-6 and IL-17A, as the pro-inflammatory and IL-10, as anti-inflammatory cytokines needs more investigations.

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Association between hypovitaminosis D and frequency of pulmonary exacerbations in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis

Einstein (São Paulo) ◽

10.1590/s1679-45082018ao4143 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Renata Ongaratto ◽

Katiana Murieli da Rosa ◽

Juliana Cristina Eloi ◽

Matias Epifanio ◽

Paulo Marostica ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cystic Fibrosis ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Pulmonary Function ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Hypovitaminosis D ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Pulmonary Exacerbations

Abstract Objective We evaluated the association between vitamin D levels and nutritional status, pulmonary function and pulmonary exacerbations in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis. Methods 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels of 37 children and adolescents were retrospectively evaluated. Pulmonary function, body mass index, height for age, and pulmonary exacerbations episodes were associated with vitamin D levels divided into two groups: sufficient (≥30ng/mL) and hypovitaminosis (<30ng/mL). Results Hypovitaminosis D (25(OH)D <30ng/mL) was observed in 54% of subjects. The mean level of 25(OH)D was 30.53±12.14ng/mL. Pulmonary function and nutritional status were not associated with vitamin D levels. Pulmonary exacerbations over a 2-year period (p=0.007) and the period from measurement up to the end of the follow-up period (p=0.002) were significantly associated with vitamin D levels. Conclusion Hypovitaminosis D was associated with higher rates of pulmonary exacerbations in this sample of children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis. Hypovitaminosis D should be further studied as a marker of disease severity in cystic fibrosis. Further prospective and randomized studies are necessary to investigate causality of this association.

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Severe Deficiency of 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection: Association with Immunological Hyperactivity and Only Minor Changes in Calcium Homeostasis

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/jcem.83.11.5270 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 83 (11) ◽

pp. 3832-3838 ◽

Cited By ~ 82

Author(s):

Charlotte J. Haug ◽

Pål Aukrust ◽

Egil Haug ◽

Lars Mørkrid ◽

Fredrik Müller ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Serum Calcium ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Dihydroxyvitamin D3 ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

1,25 Dihydroxyvitamin D3 ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D

The serum level of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3[ 1,25-(OH)2D], the biologically most potent metabolite of vitamin D, is tightly regulated within narrow limits in human healthy adults. 1,25-(OH)2D deficiency is rare and is associated with disturbances in calcium and bone metabolism. We have previously reported a marked decrease in serum levels of 1,25-(OH)2D in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. The present study was designed to further examine the causes and consequences of severe 1,25-(OH)2D deficiency in these patients. The design was a prospective cohort study. Fifty-four HIV-infected patients clinically classified according to the revised criteria from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and healthy controls were studied. Parameters related to vitamin D and calcium metabolism as well as immunological and nutritional status were determined. Twenty-nine of the patients (54%) had serum levels of 1,25-(OH)2D below the lower reference limit, and 18 of these had undetectable levels. In contrast, HIV-infected patients had normal serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and vitamin D-binding protein. HIV-infected patients as a group had modestly depressed serum calcium and PTH levels. There were, however, no correlations between these parameters and serum levels of 1,25-(OH)2D. There were no differences in serum calcium or PTH levels or nutritional status when patients with severe 1,25-(OH)2D deficiency were compared to other patients, but patients with undetectable 1,25-(OH)2D had significantly elevated serum phosphate levels. Furthermore, patients with undetectable 1,25-(OH)2D levels were characterized by advanced clinical HIV infection, low CD4+ lymphocyte counts, and high serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα). We conclude that inadequate 1α-hydroxylation of 25-hydroxyvitamin D seems to be the most likely cause of 1,25-(OH)2D deficiency in HIV-infected patients, possibly induced by an inhibitory effect of TNFα. The low 1,25-(OH)2D and high TNFα levels observed may impair the immune response in HIV-infected patients both independently and in combination and may represent an important feature of the pathogenesis of HIV-related immunodeficiency. Markedly depressed 1,25-(OH)2D serum levels are also present in certain other disorders characterized by immunological hyperactivity. Thus, the findings in the present study may not only represent a previously unrecognized immune-mediated mechanism for induction of 1,25-(OH)2D deficiency in human disease, but may also reflect the importance of adequate serum levels of 1,25-(OH)2D for satisfactory performance of the immune system in man.

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AB0800 CLINICAL ASSOCIATION BETWEEN URIC ACID/25-HYDROXYVITAMIN D SERUM LEVELS RATIO IN PATIENTS WITH PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases ◽

10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.2909 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽

pp. 1699.1-1700

Author(s):

F. Masini ◽

K. Gjeloshi ◽

E. Pinotti ◽

F. Danzo ◽

F. Guarino ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Uric Acid ◽

Psoriatic Arthritis ◽

Disease Activity ◽

Activity Index ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Disease Activity Index ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D

Background:The association between hyperuricemia and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is actually generally accepted. Previous studies have demonstrated that uric acid suppress 25(OH)D metabolism [1]. More evidence is required to demonstrate the immune modulatory effects in psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis and other autoimmune diseases. In particular, the potential association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D serum levels and PsA still remains unknown.Objectives:To assess a clinical association between uric acid/25(OH)D serum levels ratio related to PASI, BASDAI and DAPSA, if any, in patients with psoriatic arthritis.Methods:We retrospectively observed 61 patients with psoriatic arthritis referred to our outpatients clinic, independently from already being on therapy or naïve. All selected patients underwent only conventional non-biological therapy at baseline and none received vitamin D supplementation and either allopurinol or febuxostat previously. Blood samples were drawn from all participants for assessment of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and uric acid serum levels. Disease activity of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis were assessed by the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI), the Disease Activity Index for Psoriatic Arthritis (DAPSA) and the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI). We assessed the covariates of interest by the Wilcoxon non parametric test, through the SPSS 24 Software.Results:We observed 61 patients, mainly females (83.6%). At the univariate analysis, the uric acid/25(OH)D serum levels ratio revealed significantly associated with DAPSA and BASDAI indexes (p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively), whilst no significant association emerged with the PASI index (p=0.462).Conclusion:Data in the literature about these associations in the context of psoriatic arthritis are really poor. As a consequence, our findings, though preliminary, suggest us to hypothesize a potential role of uric acid/25(OH)D serum levels ratio as potential inflammation marker in order to better assess the disease activity. However, future larger studies are needed to investigate more in depth this association.[1]Charoenngam N, Ponvilawan B, Ungprasert P. Vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency are associated with a higher level of serum uric acid: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Mod Rheumatol. 2019 Mar 4:1-6.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

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Analysis of Suicidal Behavior and Chronicity of Depressive Symptoms in the Presence of Hypovitaminosis D

Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews ◽

10.2174/2666082217666211122155401 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 ◽

Author(s):

Catarina Magalhães Porto ◽

Natalia Santos Barbosa da Silva ◽

Cecília Magalhães Porto Lira ◽

Rayana Porpino Magalhães ◽

José Luiz Oliveira Magalhães ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Suicidal Ideation ◽

Depressive Disorder ◽

Suicidal Behavior ◽

Suicide Risk ◽

Hypovitaminosis D ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D

Background: One of the risk factors for suicide includes the presence of depressive disorder and symptoms, which may be related to the reduction of 25-hydroxyvitamin D serum levels. In this scenario, evidence shows vitamin D deficiency as an important aspect, directly related to depressive disorder chronicity. Objective: To assess the association between Vitamin D serum levels and the intensity of depressive symptoms and suicidal behavior in a clinical sample of depressed patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study with 146 patients aged between 18 and 59, seen in two psychiatry ambulatories. Data collection involved measurement of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and assessment of the intensity of depressive symptoms and suicide risk. Results: In the sample, 35% presented low Vitamin D serum levels and, in these individuals, the incidence of family history of Depressive Disorder (95.2%) and chronicity of severe depressive symptoms (47.8%) was higher. As to suicidal behavior, both groups presented high active suicide risk, with higher rates in the group with hypovitaminosis D. Only suicidal ideation was linked to lower Vitamin D levels (67.4% p= 0,005). Conclusion: In this study, hypovitaminosis D was associated with negative mental health outcomes, such as more severe chronicity of depressive symptoms and suicidal behavior, characterized by active suicidal ideation.

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Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D fluctuations in military personnel during 6-month summer operational deployments in Afghanistan

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s000711451800346x ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 121 (4) ◽

pp. 384-392 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Joanne L. Fallowfield ◽

Simon K. Delves ◽

Neil E. Hill ◽

Susan A. Lanham-New ◽

Anneliese M. Shaw ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Pilot Study ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Dietary Intake ◽

Body Mass ◽

Well Being ◽

Main Study ◽

Pronounced Increase ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D

AbstractSoldier operational performance is determined by their fitness, nutritional status, quality of rest/recovery, and remaining injury/illness free. Understanding large fluctuations in nutritional status during operations is critical to safeguarding health and well-being. There are limited data world-wide describing the effect of extreme climate change on nutrient profiles. This study investigated the effect of hot-dry deployments on vitamin D status (assessed from 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration) of young, male, military volunteers. Two data sets are presented (pilot study, n 37; main study, n 98), examining serum 25(OH)D concentrations before and during 6-month summer operational deployments to Afghanistan (March to October/November). Body mass, percentage of body fat, dietary intake and serum 25(OH)D concentrations were measured. In addition, parathyroid hormone (PTH), adjusted Ca and albumin concentrations were measured in the main study to better understand 25(OH)D fluctuations. Body mass and fat mass (FM) losses were greater for early (pre- to mid-) deployment compared with late (mid- to post-) deployment (P<0·05). Dietary intake was well-maintained despite high rates of energy expenditure. A pronounced increase in 25(OH)D was observed between pre- (March) and mid-deployment (June) (pilot study: 51 (sd 20) v. 212 (sd 85) nmol/l, P<0·05; main study: 55 (sd 22) v. 167 (sd 71) nmol/l, P<0·05) and remained elevated post-deployment (October/November). In contrast, PTH was highest pre-deployment, decreasing thereafter (main study: 4·45 (sd 2·20) v. 3·79 (sd 1·50) pmol/l, P<0·05). The typical seasonal cycling of vitamin D appeared exaggerated in this active male population undertaking an arduous summer deployment. Further research is warranted, where such large seasonal vitamin D fluctuations may be detrimental to bone health in the longer-term.

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25-Hydroxyvitamin D levels in serum at the onset of multiple sclerosis

Multiple Sclerosis Journal ◽

10.1191/1352458505ms1157oa ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 266-271 ◽

Cited By ~ 157

Author(s):

M Soilu-Hänninen ◽

L Airas ◽

I Mononen ◽

A Heikkilä ◽

M Viljanen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Bone Metabolism ◽

Sun Exposure ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Vitamin D Supplementation ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Normal Bone ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Lower Vitamin

Past sun exposure and vitamin D supplementation have been associated with a reduction in the risk of MS. We measured the serum concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) at the time of MS diagnosis in 40 MS patients and 40 controls. We found no difference in the serum levels of 25(OH)D between MS patients and controls when all samples or samples obtained during winter months were compared, but MS patients had significantly lower serum 25(OH)D concentrations in June to September than the controls. The vitamin D stores were adequate for bone metabolism (> 37 nmol/L) in 70% of MS patients throughout the year and within the hypovitaminosis level (< 37 nmol/L) in 30% of MS patients at some time of the year. During MS-relapses, 25(OH)D levels were lower than in remission, but mostly within the reference range observed in relation with normal bone metabolism. We conclude that the vitamin D stores in most MS patients are adequate for their normal bone metabolism. However, lower vitamin D levels during MS relapses than in remission suggest that vitamin D could be involved in the regulation of the clinical disease activity of MS. The optimal serum levels of vitamin D for the regulation of immune responses remain to be determined.

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Effect of smoking on the serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D depends on the assay employed

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/eje-10-0150e ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 163 (6) ◽

pp. 965 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Guri Grimnes ◽

Bjørg Almaas ◽

Anne Elise Eggen ◽

Nina Emaus ◽

Yngve Figenschau ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D3 ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Ultraviolet B ◽

Vitamin D2 ◽

Vitamin D and Calcitonin Treatment in Patients with Femoral Neck Fracture: A Prospective Controlled Clinical Study

Journal of International Medical Research ◽

10.1177/030006058901700305 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 226-242 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

E. Harju ◽

R. Punnonen ◽

R. Tuimala ◽

J. Salmi ◽

I. Paronen

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Parathyroid Hormone ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Serum Calcitonin ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Dihydroxyvitamin D ◽

1,25 Dihydroxyvitamin D ◽

Age Related ◽

Neck Fracture ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D

The effects on general and bone metabolism of femoral neck fracture patients of 0.25 μg α-calcoid given orally twice daily ( n=9) and 25 μg calcitonin given subcutaneously 30 times ( n=10) in 10 weeks were studied against a control ( n=ll). Bone histology and histomorphometry showed non-age related osteoporosis in 30% and osteomalacia in 22% of the patients studied. Impaired serum vitamin D status was found in 47 – 88% of patients, secondary hyperparathyroidism and increased serum parathyroid hormone in 59% and decreased serum calcitonin levels in 69%. On histology, normal findings and non-age related osteoporosis on histology were associated with low serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3,1,25- and 24,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3. Very high serum levels of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and low levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 occurred in fracture patients with osteomalacia. Calcitonin improved calcium balance, reduced osteoporosis and increased the serum 1,25- and 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 levels but had no effect on osteomalacia. Vitamin D reduced osteomalacia, slightly increased the serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 concentration and decreased serum levels of parathyroid hormone. Both treatments gave a similar slight decrease in serum calcitonin concentrations. A mechanism of action for the treatments is suggested.

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Serum vitamin D content in children with SARS-CoV-2 infection

Siberian medical review ◽

10.20333/25000136-2021-6-79-82 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

pp. 79-82

Author(s):

V.N. Peregoedova ◽

◽

I.K. Bogomolova ◽

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Serum Level ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Control Group ◽

Immunochemical Method ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Serum Vitamin D ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D

Aim of study. To study the total level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in children with SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19). Material and мethods. A total of 82 children aged 0-17 diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection were enrolled. Depending on the severity of clinical symptoms, all children were divided into three groups according to the COVID-19 severity: asymptomatic, mild and moderate. The serum level of vitamin D in all patients was tested via the immunochemical method. Results. It was found that children with SARS-CoV-2 infection had lower serum level of vitamin D (29.92 [22.22; 28.07] ng/ml) as compared with the control group (36.43 [32.05; 44.08] ng/ml; p<0.001). A total of 90% of the children with SARS-CoV-2 infection were diagnosed with insufficiency or deficiency of vitamin D (<30 ng/ml). Only 10 % of the patients had normal levels of vitamin D. The insufficiency of vitamin D was found more often amongst children aged 0-11 and deficiency of total 25-hydroxyvitamin D was more common for children aged 12-17. The difference in serum levels of vitamin D depending on the severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection was not found. Male children with SARS-CoV-2 infection showed lower levels of vitamin D (p=0.013). Conclusion. A total of 90 % of the children with SARS-CoV-2 infection had insufficiency or deficiency of vitamin D regardless of the severity of clinical symptoms.

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