scholarly journals Microwave treatment of human milk to prevent transmission of Chagas disease

2003 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cláudio Santos Ferreira ◽  
Vicente Amato Neto ◽  
Erika Gakiyai ◽  
Rita Cristina Bezerra ◽  
Ruth Semira Rodríguez Alarcón
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Microwave Treatment ◽  
Microwave Oven ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Domestic Microwave Oven ◽  
Alternative Means ◽  
Means Of Transmission

It is recognized that breast feeding is an alternative means of transmission of Chagas disease. However, thermal treatment of milk can prevent this occurrence. As domestic microwave ovens are becoming commonplace, the efficacy of microwave thermal treatment in inactivating Trypanosoma cruzi trypomastigotes in human milk was tested. Human milk samples infected with T. cruzi trypomastigotes (Y strain) from laboratory-infected mice, were heated to 63 °C in a domestic microwave oven (2 450 MHz, 700 W). Microscopical and serological examinations demonstrated that none of the animals inoculated orally or intraperitoneally with infected milk which had been treated, got the infection, while those inoculated with untreated, infected milk, became infected. It was concluded that the simple treatment prescribed, which can easily be done at home, was effective in inactivating T. cruzi trypomastigotes contained in human milk.

scholarly journals Thermal treatment of superconductor thin film of the BSCCO system using domestic microwave oven

2012 ◽  
Vol 478 ◽  
pp. 56-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.B. Silveira ◽  
C.L. Carvalho ◽  
G.B. Torsoni ◽  
H.A. Aquino ◽  
R. Zadorosny
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Microwave Oven ◽  
Bscco System ◽  
Domestic Microwave Oven

scholarly journals Pasteurization of human milk to prevent transmission of Chagas disease

2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cláudio Santos FERREIRA ◽  
Prazeres Conceição MARTINHO ◽  
Vicente AMATO NETO ◽  
Roseana Rodrigues Bressane CRUZ
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Rare Event ◽  
Pasteurized Milk ◽  
Cruzi Infection

Although admittedly transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi infection through breastfeeding is a rare event, it involves serious risks. To test the effectiveness of pasteurization in preventing this mode of infection, three sets of samples of human milk were tested: a - contaminated with T. cruzi and pasteurized; b - contaminated with T. cruzi and non-pasteurized; c - non-contaminated and pasteurized. Samples from all sets were orally and intraperitoneally administered to 90 BALB/c mice. The animals inoculated with contaminated, non-pasteurized samples, got the infection. Controls and the animals inoculated with contaminated and pasteurized milk were not infected. The hypothesis was accepted that pasteurization inactivates T. cruzi trypomastigotes.

Dielectric Properties of Infant Formulae, Human Milk and Whole and Low-Fat Cow Milk Relevant for Microwave Heating

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (5-6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana A. S. Leite ◽  
Virginia S. Quintal ◽  
Carmen C. Tadini
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Microwave Oven ◽  
Bottle Feeding ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Domestic Microwave Oven ◽  
Infant Formulae ◽  
Milk Banks ◽  
The Ideal

AbstractThe dielectric properties of three different reconstituted infant formulae, human milk, as well as, whole and low-fat pasteurized cow milk were measured at temperature interval from (5 to 70) °C and at frequency of 2450 MHz. The dependency of the dielectric properties with temperature is presented. The values of penetration depth were determined and can be used to estimate the ideal bottle-feeding or container diameter to use in a domestic microwave oven or specific microwave equipment to pasteurize human milk in Human Milk Banks (HMB).

Chagas Disease (Trypanosoma cruzi)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime Altcheh ◽  
Guillermo Moscatelli ◽  
Facundo Garcia Bournissen
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Systematic Screening ◽  
Primary Means ◽  
Means Of Transmission ◽  
Mother To Child

Chagas disease (CD), or American trypanosomiasis, is caused by the hemoflagellate parasite Trypanosoma cruzi and has evolved from a regional, Latin American disease to one that is becoming widespread in other parts of the world. Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of Chagas disease has become the primary means of transmission of T. cruzi worldwide. Congenital Chagas disease can be prevented by treating women of reproductive age. It is important to develop strategies for the systematic screening of pregnant women for CD, as well as all children born to infected mothers, and also to treat every infected child as early as possible.

Carbonaceous structural changes of wood induced by microwave irradiation

Holzforschung ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukie Saito ◽  
Masatoshi Sato
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Carbonaceous Material ◽  
Microwave Treatment ◽  
Microwave Oven ◽  
Pretreatment Method ◽  
Domestic Microwave Oven ◽  
Graphitic Layer ◽  
Mw Irradiation ◽  
Ir And Raman

Abstract The objective of this study was to investigate the carbonization induced by microwave treatment (MWT) of spruce (Picea sp.) wood, which was treated in a domestic microwave oven at 2.45 GHz. Structural changes were observed by elemental analysis, thermal analysis, and by IR and Raman spectroscopy. The degradation of the samples was completed within 3 min. The carbonization was comparable to that caused by heat treatment at ca. 420°C. In the MWT samples, a graphitic layer was not detected, which behaves as a sensitizer for MW irradiation and sometime elevates the temperature drastically. This study shows that MWT leads to a carbonaceous material, and that the carbonization levels off with the loss of heat-inducing functional groups, such as O-H, CO-OH, C=O, upon MW irradiation. MWT is better suited as a kind of controlled and short pretreatment method before carbonization. Its suitability for porous absorbents should be investigated.

Dynamics of T Cells Repertoire During Trypanosoma cruzi Infection and its Post-Treatment Modulation

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (36) ◽  
pp. 6519-6543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Egui ◽  
Paola Lasso ◽  
Elena Pérez-Antón ◽  
M. Carmen Thomas ◽  
Manuel Carlos López
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
Parasite Load ◽  
Chronic Patients ◽  
Cruzi Infection

Chagas disease courses with different clinical phases and has a variable clinical presentation and progression. The acute infection phase mostly exhibits a non-specific symptomatology. In the absence of treatment, the acute phase is followed by a chronic phase, which is initially asymptomatic. This chronic asymptomatic phase of the disease is characterized by a fragile balance between the host’s immune response and the parasite replication. The loss of this balance is crucial for the progression of the sickness. The virulence and tropism of the T. cruzi infecting strain together to the inflammation processes in the cardiac tissue are the main factors for the establishment and severity of the cardiomyopathy. The efficacy of treatment in chronic Chagas disease patients is controversial. However, several studies carried out in chronic patients demonstrated that antiparasitic treatment reduces parasite load in the bloodstream and leads to an improvement in the immune response against the Trypanosoma cruzi parasite. The present review is mainly focused on the cellular patterns associated to the clinical status and the evolution of the disease in chronic patients, as well as the effectiveness of the treatment related to T. cruzi infection control. Therefore, an emphasis is placed on the dynamics of specific-antigens T cell subpopulations, their memory and activation phenotypes, their functionality and their contribution to pathogenesis or disease control, as well as their association with risk of congenital transmission of the parasite.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Vaccine mRNABNT162b2 Elicits Human Antibody Response in Milk of Breastfeeding Women

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 785
Author(s):  
Maurizio Guida ◽  
Daniela Terracciano ◽  
Michele Cennamo ◽  
Federica Aiello ◽  
Evelina La Civita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Human Antibody ◽  
Serum Antibodies ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Milk Antibodies ◽  
Roche Diagnostics

Objective: The objective of this research is to demonstrate the release of SARS-CoV-2 Spike (S) antibodies in human milk samples obtained by patients who have been vaccinated with mRNABNT162b2 vaccine. Methods: Milk and serum samples were collected in 10 volunteers 20 days after the first dose and 7 seven days after the second dose of the mRNABNT162b2 vaccine. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 S antibodies were measured by the Elecsys® Anti-SARS-CoV-2 S ECLIA assay (Roche Diagnostics AG, Rotkreuz, Switzerland), a quantitative electrochemiluminescence immunometric method. Results: At first sample, anti-SARS-CoV-2 S antibodies were detected in all serum samples (103.9 ± 54.9 U/mL) and only in two (40%) milk samples with a low concentration (1.2 ± 0.3 U/mL). At the second sample, collected 7 days after the second dose, anti-SARS-CoV-2 S antibodies were detected in all serum samples (3875.7 ± 3504.6 UI/mL) and in all milk samples (41.5 ± 47.5 UI/mL). No correlation was found between the level of serum and milk antibodies; the milk antibodies/serum antibodies ratio was on average 2% (range: 0.2–8.4%). Conclusion: We demonstrated a release of anti-SARS-CoV-2 S antibodies in the breast milk of women vaccinated with mRNABNT162b2. Vaccinating breastfeeding women could be a strategy to protect their infants from COVID-19 infection.

The Prevalence of Trypanosoma cruzi, the Causal Agent of Chagas Disease, in Texas Rodent Populations

EcoHealth ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Aleman ◽  
Trina Guerra ◽  
Troy J. Maikis ◽  
Matthew T. Milholland ◽  
Ivan Castro-Arellano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Rodent Populations
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document