scholarly journals Influence of seed size and ecological factors on the germination and emergence of field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis)

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Tanveer ◽  
M Tasneem ◽  
A Khaliq ◽  
M.M Javaid ◽  
M.N Chaudhry
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Germination Index ◽  
Convolvulus Arvensis ◽  
Germination Time ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Field Bindweed ◽  
Mean Germination Time

An understanding of seed germination ecology of weeds can assist in predicting their potential distribution and developing effective management strategies. Influence of environmental factors and seed size on germination and seedling emergence of Convolvulus arvensis (field bindweed) was studied in laboratory and greenhouse conditions. Germination occurred over a wide range of constant temperatures, between 15 and 40 ºC, with optimum germination between 20 and 25 ºC. Time to start germination, time to 50% germination and mean germination time increased while germination percentage and germination index decreased with an increase in temperature from 20 ºC, salinity and osmotic stress. However, germination was tolerant to low salt (25 mM) or osmotic stress (0.2 MPa), but as salinity and osmotic stress increased, germination percentage and germination index decreased. Seeds of C. arvensis placed at soil surface showed maximum emergence and decreased as seeding depth increased. Seeds of C. arvensis germinated over a wide range of pH (4 to 9) but optimum germination occurred at pH 6 to 8. Under highly alkaline and acidic pH, time to start germination, time to 50% germination and mean germination time increased while germination percentage and germination index decreased. Increase in field capacity caused decreased time to start germination, time to 50% germination and mean germination time but increased germination percentage and germination index. Bigger seeds had low time to start germination, time to 50% germination and mean germination time but high germination percentage and germination index. Smaller seeds were more sensitive to environmental factors as compared to larger or medium seeds. It can be concluded that except for pH, all environmental factors and seed sizes adversely affect C. arvensis as regards seed germination or emergence and germination or emergence traits, and larger seeds result in improved stand establishment and faster germination than small seeds, regardless of moisture stress or deeper seeding depth.

scholarly journals Effects of drought stress on germination and seedling growth of different field pea varieties

2021 ◽  
pp. 59-70
Author(s):  
Gordana Petrovic ◽  
Tomislav Zivanovic ◽  
Radmila Stikic ◽  
Zorica Nikolic ◽  
Dusica Jovicic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Germination Time ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
Effects Of Drought ◽  
Osmotic Potentials

Germination and seedling growth of seven genotypes of field pea (Pisum sativum L.) were studied in PEG-6000 solution having osmotic potentials -0.1 and -0.2 MPa. A study was undertaken to evaluate the influence of different osmotic potentials (MPa) on seed germination percentage (GP) and mean germination time (MGT). Results show that the percentage of germination decreased with a decrease in osmotic potential, while mean germination time increased. Variety Javor is much more sensitive than the other varieties at all levels of osmotic stress. By contrast, the lowest sensitivity of germination and MGT was found in varieties Mraz and Trezor. Seed germination tests at -0.1 to -0.2 MPa have the potential to be used as tests in field pea. Osmotic stress exposure and its duration significantly affected the growth of seedlings (shoot and root) and the accumulation of biomass, while its effect was more prominent on the growth of the shoot than on root growth, which was also confirmed by the root tolerance index.

scholarly journals Can Bulk and Nanosized Titanium Dioxide Particles Improve Seed Germination Features of Wheatgrass (Agropyron desertorum)

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reyhaneh AZIMI ◽  
Hassan FEIZI ◽  
Mohammad KHAJEH HOSSEINI
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Germination Time ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Tio2 Particles ◽  
Nanosized Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
Germination Value ◽  
Improve Seed Germination ◽  
Nanosized Tio2

The goal of this study was to evaluate concentrations of nanosized TiO2 at 0, 5, 20, 40, 60 and 80 mg L-1 with bulk TiO2 for possible stimulatory effects on wheatgrass seed germination and early growth stage. After 14 days of seed incubation, germination percentage improved by 9% following exposure to 5 ppm nanosized TiO2 treatment comparing to control. Similar positive effects occurred in terms of germination value and mean daily germination. Application of bulk TiO2 particles in 80 ppm concentration greatly decreased the majority of studied traits. Therefore phytotoxicity effect observed on wheatgrass seedling by application of bulk TiO2 particles in 80 ppm concentration. Exposure of wheatgrass seeds to 5 ppm nanosized TiO2 and bulk and nanosized TiO2 at 60 ppm obtained the lowest mean germination time but higher concentrations did not improve mean germination time. In general, there was a positive response by wheatgrass seed to some concentrations of nanosized TiO2. Usage of nanoparicles in order to improve germination and establishment of range plant in adverse environments similar to rangeland could be possible.

scholarly journals Sensitivity of Seed Germination to Temperature and Light in Helichrysum amorginum

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Sofia ARGYRIOU ◽  
Panayiota PAPASTYLIANOU ◽  
George STAVROPOULOS ◽  
Angeliki KOUSTA ◽  
Ioanna KAKABOUKI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Germination Time ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Perennial Shrub ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
Lower Temperature ◽  
Seed Propagation

Helichrysum amorginum is a perennial shrub, endemic on the Greek island of Amorgos and used for medicinal, cosmetic and ornamental purposes. Information concerning germination behavior and seedling survival is considered essential for the establishment and cultivation of wild species. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of temperature and light on germination of Helichrysum amorginum seeds. A set of experiments was conducted under completely randomized design with four replications of 200 seeds at three different suboptimal germination temperatures (15, 20 and 25°C) in light and dark conditions for 10 days. Seed material was collected from two different fields of the island (Aegiali and Katapola). The germination performance was evaluated by final germination percentage and mean germination time. The effect of temperature on seed germination percentage and mean germination time was significant in all cases. The presence of light enhanced germination, especially at the optimum temperature of 20°C. In most cases the mean germination time increased at the lower temperature of 15°C. Seeds from Aegiali exhibited higher germination ability than the seed lot from Katapola. Knowledge of seed germination behaviour is of major importance in order to establish effective protocols for seed propagation in Helichrysum amorginum.

Environmental factors affecting the germination and emergence of white horehound (Marrubium vulgare L.): a weed of arid-zone areas

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad M. Javaid ◽  
Singarayer K. Florentine ◽  
Hafiz H. Ali ◽  
Bhagirath S. Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Potential ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Alkaline Media ◽  
Germination Index ◽  
Arid Zones ◽  
Burial Depth ◽  
Germination Time ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Marrubium Vulgare ◽  
Mean Germination Time

White horehound (Marrubium vulgare L.), is a troublesome weed of arid zones, particularly in cropping and grazing areas. Understanding the seed ecology of white horehound is relevant to its management. The present study investigated the effects of temperature, light, osmotic potential, salinity, pH, and seeding depth on seed germination and seedling emergence of white horehound. Seeds germinated over a wide range of temperatures, with highest germination (100%) occurring at 25/20°C in either 12-h alternating light/dark or complete darkness. Germination decreased from 92% to 10% as the osmotic potential decreased from 0 to minus 0.6 MPa and germination was completely inhibited at minus 0.8 MPa. Increasing concentration of sodium chloride (salinity) from 50 to 150 mM reduced germination from 68% to 11% but was completely inhibited at 200 mM. Germination was not limited by variation of pH in solutions of pH 5 to pH 10. Maximum germination (99%) occurred at pH 7, but slightly decreased (90%) in acidic or alkaline media. Surface located seeds were highly germinable (87%) where seedling emergence significantly declined as seeding depth increased from 0.5 to 3 cm. Nil seedling emergence was occurred at 4 cm burial depth. Light significantly affected germination, time to 50% germination, mean germination time and germination index. Increasing osmotic and salinity stress both significantly increased the time to start germination, time to 50% germination, mean germination time, but decreased germination index. Burial depth adversely affected seedling emergence with surface located seedlings emerging earlier (4.2 days) compared with 20 days for seeds buried at 3 cm. Results suggest that effective management of white horehound should consider targeting surface located seeds in combination with tools that induce minimal soil disturbance, particularly in relatively non-saline environments.

scholarly journals Effect of hydropriming method on maize (Zea mays) seedling emergence

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
KU Ahammad ◽  
MM Rahman ◽  
MR Ali
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Maize Seedling ◽  
Germination Index ◽  
Percentage Germination ◽  
Saturated Sand ◽  
Germination Time ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
Surface Drying

The research work was carried out at the Seed Laboratory of Agronomy Department of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from February to April in 2008 to find out the effect of hydropriming methods on maize seedling emergence. The hydropriming methods were- T1 (Non-priming), T2 (14 hours soaking + drying + storing), T3 (18 hours soaking + drying + storing), T4 (22 hours soaking + drying + storing), T5 (14 hours soaking + surface drying), T6 (18 hours soaking + surface drying), and T7 (22 hours soaking + surface drying). Effect of different hydropriming methods on seedling emergence performance of maize was evaluated at two moisture levels viz., 30% and 60% moisture of saturated sand in the experiment. Germination percentage, germination index and mean germination time were influenced significantly by hydropriming methods. The highest germination percentage, germination index, and lowest mean germination time were recorded with T6 (18 hours soaking + surface drying). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v39i1.20164 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 39(1): 143-150, March 2014

scholarly journals Germination Response of MR 219 Rice Variety to Different Exposure Times and Periods of 2450 MHz Microwave Frequency

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daryush Talei ◽  
Alireza Valdiani ◽  
Mahmood Maziah ◽  
Mohammad Mohsenkhah
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Microwave Frequency ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Germination Time ◽  
Primary Shoot ◽  
Mean Germination Time

Germination is a key process in plants' phenological cycles. Accelerating this process could lead to improvment of the seedling growth as well as the cultivation efficiency. To achieve this, the effect of microwave frequency on the germination of rice seeds was examined. The physiological feedbacks of the MR 219 rice variety in terms of seed germination rate (GR), germination percentage (GP), and mean germination time (MGT) were analyzed by exposing its seeds to 2450 MHz of microwave frequency for one, four, seven, and ten hours. It was revealed that exposing the seeds to the microwave frequency for 10 hours resulted in the highest GP. This treatment led to 100% of germination after three days with a mean germination time of 2.1 days. Although the other exposure times of microwave frequency caused the moderate effects on germination with aGPa3ranged from 93% to 98%, they failed to reduce theMGTa3. The results showed that ten-hour exposure times of microwave frequency for six days significantly facilitated and improved the germination indices (primary shoot and root length). Therefore, the technique is expected to benefit the improvement of rice seed germination considering its simplicity and efficacy in increasing the germination percentage and rate as well as the primary shoot and root length without causing any environmental toxicity.

scholarly journals Sugar apple (Annona squamosa L.) seed germination affected by the application of gibberellins

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Ernesto Martínez M. ◽  
Diego Miranda L. ◽  
Stanislav Magnitskiy
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Positive Response ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Annona Squamosa ◽  
Germination Time ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
Germinated Seeds

This research sought to establish the response of the germination percentage (PG), synchrony index (E), mean germination time (MGT) and mean germination rate (MGR) of Annona squamosa L. seeds from Apulo (province of Cundinamarca) and Castilla (province of Tolima), Colombia, to treatments with 0, 50, 100, 200, 400, 600, or 800 mg L-1 of gibberellic acid (GA). All of the treatments with GA increased the PG at each point of time of seed incubation. The 600 mg L-1 GA treatment resulted in higher PGs (92.3% at 16 days for Apulo and 95% at 24 days for Castilla) and lower MGTs (8.75 and 5.38 days for Apulo and Castilla, respectively) than those found with the concentration of 0 mg L-1 GA (17.68 and 10.88 days for Apulo and Castilla, respectively). Also, treating the seeds with 600 mg L-1 GA generated higher MGRs (0.18 and 0.12 germinated seeds/day for Castilla and Apulo, respectively) than those obtained with 0 mg L-1 GA (Castilla = 0.09 and Apulo = 0.06 germinated seeds/ day). Likewise, the germination was synchronized with the application of any concentration of GA. The results evidenced a positive response to the GA application, which provided a tool for the characterization of the phenomenon of dormancy in the A. squamosa seeds.

scholarly journals Efeito da temperatura e do substrato na germinação de Hamatocactus setispinus (Cactaceae)

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 173
Author(s):  
Priscilla Brites Xavier ◽  
Janie Mendes Jasmim
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Germination Index ◽  
Germination Time ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Cacti are widely used as ornamental plants and seed germination is a major method for preserving genetic diversity. Thus, an experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of different temperatures and substrates on seed germination of Hamatocactus setispinus. Seeds were sown in gerbox boxes containing either germination paper (S1), sand (S2) or vermiculite (S3). After placing the seeds on the substrates, the boxes were kept in germination chambers at 20, 25, 30 and 35° C for 30 days, under a photoperiod of 16 hours. The experiment was in a completely randomized design with four replicates. The speed germination index (SGI), mean germination time (MT) and germination rates (%) were evaluated. The best results were observed at 25º C. The highest SGI (3.94) was observed on seed germination paper, but MT values and germination rates on this substrate did not differ from those obtained on sand. Therefore, both substrates could be used for germination of this cactus species.

scholarly journals Germination and Seedling Parameters of Wheat as Affected by Storage Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 904 (1) ◽  
pp. 012035
Author(s):  
S E Seadh ◽  
M A Badawi ◽  
M A Abdel-Moneamand ◽  
M M E Borham
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Germination Index ◽  
Seedling Vigor ◽  
Germination Time ◽  
Stored Wheat ◽  
Vigor Index ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
Wheat Seeds

Abstract A storage experiment was carried out from 27th April to 27thDecember, 2019 to study the effect of storage conditions i.e. methods (open air, under sunshade and in stores), packages type (normal, gunny, polyethylene and metal containers) and periods of seeds fumigation with phosphine (15, 30 and 45 days) on germination and seedling parameters of wheat. The experiment was arranged in a factorial experiment in randomized complete block design (R.C.B.D.) with four replications. Stored wheat seeds under sunshade produced the highest values of final germination percentage, germination index, mean germination time, plumule length, radical length, seedling vigor index and seedlings dry weight, followed by stored wheat seeds in stores. The highest germination index, mean germination time, plumule and radical lengths, seedling vigor index and seedlings dry weight were recorded in the samples of wheat seeds sealed stored in metal containers, followed by normal stored in gunny packages. The highest percentage of final germination was obtained by normal stored in gunny packages, followed by sealing storage in metal containers. The highest final germination percentage, germination index, mean germination time, plumule length, radical length, seedling vigor index and seedlings dry weight and the lowest abnormal seedlings percentage, rotten and sold seeds percentages, speed germination index, co-efficient of germination and germination energy percentage were recorded when treated with phosphine at the rate of 3 tablets/m3after 15 days from beginning the storage. This study recommended that stored wheat seeds under sunshade in metal packages and treating with phosphine at the rate of 3 tablets/m3 after 15 days from beginning the storage to enhance germination and seedlings parameter of wheat under the environmental conditions of Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt.

scholarly journals Effect of seed priming on maize (Zea mays L.) seedling emergence under different sowing dates

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 693-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
MM Rahman ◽  
KU Ahammad ◽  
M Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Germination Index ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Percentage Germination ◽  
Germination Time ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Mean Germination Time

The experiment was carried out at the research field of Regional Agricultural Research Station, Jessore during 2009-10 and 2010-2011 to find out the effect of priming and ambient temperatures due to different sowing dates on emergence of maize seedlings. The experiment consisted of two priming methods viz., i) Priming, ii) Non-priming, and ten sowing dates viz., i) 15 November, ii) 30 November, iii) 15 December iv) 30 December v) 14 January vi) 29 January vii) 13 February viii) 28 February, ix) 15 March, and x) 30 March. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Results showed that germination percentage, germination index, mean germination time and dry matter/plant were influenced significantly by priming. The highest germination percentage, germination index, dry matter/plant and lowest mean germination time were recorded from primed seed sown in March followed by February and November sowings but those were very poor in December and January sowings. So, primed seeds should be sown in November and February for better stand establishment of maize. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v39i4.22549 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 39(4): 693-707, December 2014

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