scholarly journals Chemical and morphological analysis of kidney stones: a double-blind comparative study

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 444-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Fernandes Ribeiro da Silva ◽  
Djamile Cordeiro de Matos ◽  
Sônia Leite da Silva ◽  
Elizabeth De Francesco Daher ◽  
Henry de Holanda Campos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Kidney Stones ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Minor Components ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Stone Composition ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Dihydrate

PURPOSE: To compare chemical to morphological kidney stone composition analysis based on a sample of 50 stones retrieved from patients at a nephrology service. METHODS: The chemical analysis was performed with a Bioclin® kit, while a 10-mm magnifying glass (10x; Prolabo, Paris, France) was employed in the morphological analysis. Findings obtained with the two methods were compared and classified as concordant (100% agreement), partly concordant (concordant for major components, discordant for minor components) or discordant (discordant for major components). RESULTS: In the chemical analysis, the most commonly observed major component was calcium (70%), followed by oxalate (66%), ammonium (56%), urate (28%) and carbonate (24%). In the morphological analysis, the most commonly observed major components were calcium phosphate and magnesium (32% each), followed by calcium oxalate monohydrate (24%), uric acid and urates (20% each), calcium oxalate dihydrate (18%) and cystine (6%). Infectious kidney stones were identified in 34% and 24% of cases by morphological and chemical analysis, respectively. Thirty-eight percent of the samples were classified as concordant, 52% were partly concordant and 10% were discordant. CONCLUSION: We suggest kidney stones be routinely submitted to both types of analysis for a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in lithogenesis.

scholarly journals Daily Green Tea Infusions in Hypercalciuric Renal Stone Patients: No Evidence for Increased Stone Risk Factors or Oxalate-Dependent Stones

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Rode ◽  
Dominique Bazin ◽  
Arnaud Dessombz ◽  
Yahia Benzerara ◽  
Emmanuel Letavernier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate ◽  
Infrared Analysis ◽  
Metabolic Evaluation ◽  
Stone Composition ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Dihydrate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stone Formers

Green tea is widely used as a ‘’healthy’’ beverage due to its high level of antioxidant polyphenol compounds. However tea is also known to contain significant amount of oxalate. The objective was to determine, in a cross-sectional observational study among a population of 273 hypercalciuric stone-formers referred to our center for metabolic evaluation, whether daily green tea drinkers (n = 41) experienced increased stone risk factors (especially for oxalate) compared to non-drinkers. Stone risk factors and stone composition were analyzed according to green tea status and sex. In 24-h urine collection, the comparison between green tea drinkers and non-drinkers showed no difference for stone risk factors such as urine oxalate, calcium, urate, citrate, and pH. In females, the prevalence of calcium oxalate dihydrate (COD) and calcium phosphate stones, assessed by infrared analysis (IRS) was similar between green tea drinkers and non-drinkers, whereas prevalence of calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) stones was strikingly decreased in green tea drinkers (0% vs. 42%, p = 0.04), with data in accordance with a decreased oxalate supersaturation index. In males, stone composition and supersaturation indexes were similar between the two groups. Our data show no evidence for increased stone risk factors or oxalate-dependent stones in daily green tea drinkers.

scholarly journals Urinary stone composition analysis of 3684 patients in the eastern Shandong region of China

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 030006051988726
Author(s):  
Xuebao Zhang ◽  
Jiajia Ma ◽  
Ning Wang ◽  
Chunhua Lin
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Urinary Calculi ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Urinary Stones ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Carbonate Apatite ◽  
Stone Composition ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Dihydrate ◽  
Uric Acid Stones

Objective There has not been a study that analyzed the composition of urinary stones from patients in the eastern Shandong region of China. Thus, we explored the composition of urinary stones in the eastern Shandong region of China and discuss the clinical significance of the findings. Methods A total of 3684 urinary calculi from the eastern Shandong region were collected in our study. Compositions of the stones were analyzed using an Automatic Infrared Spectrum Analysis System (type LIIR-20). The results were verified through manual analysis of the spectrograms, which was accompanied by polarizing microscopy and chemical analysis if necessary. Results Among the 3684 specimens, there were 1767 single-component stones and 1917 mixed-component stones. According to the main components of the stones, the stones were divided into the following types: calcium oxalate monohydrate stones (1779, 48.3%), anhydrous uric acid stones (1105, 30.0%), carbonate apatite stones (590, 16.0%), ammonium magnesium phosphate hexahydrate stones (143, 3.9%), calcium oxalate dihydrate stones (36, 1.0%), and cystine stones (31, 0.8%). Conclusions There was a relatively high rate of uric acid stones in patients from the eastern Shandong region of China.

scholarly journals Urinary stone composition analysis and clinical characterization of 1520 patients in central China

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daling Zhang ◽  
Songchao Li ◽  
Zhengguo Zhang ◽  
Ningyang Li ◽  
Xiang Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Urinary Stone ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
Central China ◽  
Urinary Stones ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Stone Composition ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Stones ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lower Urinary

AbstractA total of 1520 patients with urinary stones from central China were collected and analysed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy between October 1, 2016 and December 31, 2019. For all patients, age, sex, comorbidities, stone location, laboratory examination and geographic region were collected. The most common stone component was calcium oxalate (77.5%), followed by calcium phosphate (8.7%), infection stone (7.6%), uric acid (UA) stone (5.3%)and cystine (0.9%). The males had more calcium oxalate stones (p < 0.001), while infection stone and cystine stones occurred more frequently in females (p < 0.001). The prevalence peak occurred at 41–60 years in both men and women. UA stones occurred frequently in patients with lower urinary pH (p < 0.001), while neutral urine or alkaline urine (p < 0.001) and urinary infection (p < 0.001) were more likely to be associated with infection stone stones. Patients with high levels of serum creatinine were more likely to develop UA stones (p < 0.001). The proportion of UA stones in diabetics was higher (p < 0.001), and the incidence of hypertension was higher in patients with UA stones (p < 0.001). Compared to the other types, more calcium oxalate stones were detected in the kidneys and ureters (p < 0.001), whereas struvite stones were more frequently observed in the lower urinary tract (p = 0.001). There was no significant difference in stone composition across the Qinling-Huaihe line in central China except UA stones, which were more frequently observed in patients south of the line (p < 0.001).

scholarly journals Can stone composition be predicted by plain X-ray and/or non-contrast CT? A study validated by X-ray diffraction analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Gadelmoula ◽  
Ahmed M. Moeen ◽  
Ahmed Elderwy ◽  
Mohamed S. Abdel-Kader ◽  
Ayman Elqady ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Diffraction Analysis ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Stone Analysis ◽  
Stone Composition ◽  
Cutoff Value ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Contrast Ct

Abstract Background The stone composition has a great influence on the outcome of its treatment. There are several tests to predict the composition of stones preoperatively and stone analysis postoperatively. Herein, we want to evaluate if the stone composition could be predicted from plain X-ray KUB (PKUB) and/or non-contrast CT (NCCT) validated by in vitro X-ray powder diffraction analysis (XRD). Methods Between April 2014 and March 2016, 100 cases with urinary tract stones were included in the study. The radio-opacity of the stones in PKUB, stone density by NCCT, and after stone extraction, XRD were performed. Statistical analysis for the results was performed using Chi-square and Fisher exact tests for categorical variables and Mann–Whitney U and Kruskal–Wallis H for the nonparametric variables. The receiver operating characteristic curve was constructed to determine the best cutoff value. Results This study included 74 males and 26 females with a median age of 32 years (range 2–70). Regarding the radio-opacity by PKUB, there were 30 stones dense opaque, 44 opaque, 21 faint opaque, and 5 radiolucent. XRD revealed 97 mixed and 3 pure stones. The calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) stone composition could be predicted in dense opaque stone by PKUB in 75.9% and urate composition in the radiolucent stone by 40%. The cutoff value of HU density by NCCT to the dense opaque stones in the PKUB was > 1020 and for radiolucent stones was < 590. Conclusion Stone radio-opacity by PKUB and its attenuation value by NCCT could successfully predict its calcium oxalate monohydrate, struvite, and urate composition. However, the chemical stone analysis is still required as most stones are mixed.

Discriminating the formation origin of calcium oxalate monohydrate in kidney stones via synchrotron microdiffraction

The Analyst ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iris H.Valido ◽  
Victor Fuentes-Cebrian ◽  
Roberto Boada ◽  
Oriol Vallcorba ◽  
Montserrat Resina-Gallego ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Kidney Stones ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate

Nephrolithiasis is a multifactor disease that produces nephrolites in the kidney. Calcium oxalate hydrates (dihydrated, COD, or monohydrated, COM) stones are the most common ones with more than sixty percent...

Role of Magnesium in the Growth of Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate and Calcium Oxalate Dihydrate Crystals

1987 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshitsugu Oka ◽  
Toshiaki Yoshioka ◽  
Takuo Koide ◽  
Minato Takaha ◽  
Takao Sonoda
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Dihydrate ◽  
Oxalate Dihydrate

Comparison of Urinary Crystallites from Patients with Renal Calculi with that from Healthy Subjects

2012 ◽  
Vol 554-556 ◽  
pp. 1738-1741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Yue Xia ◽  
Yi Ming Ding ◽  
Jian Ming Ouyang
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Renal Calculi ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Dihydrate ◽  
Aggregation State ◽  
Particle Size Analyzer ◽  
Sharp Edges

The differences between the urinary crystallites from patients with renal calculi and healthy subjects were compared using SEM, XRD, and nano-particle size analyzer, etc. These differences concern morphology, aggregation state, number, particle size, crystal phase and Zeta potential, etc. About 90% of the crystallites had the particle sizes less than 20 μm, the Zeta potential was -(113) mV, and the composition included a large proportion of calcium oxalate dihydrate (COD) crystals. By comparison, the urinary crystallites from patients with renal calculi had sharp edges and corners and exhibited significant aggregation. There were more crystallites with the size greater than 20 μm in comparison with those in healthy subjects, their Zeta potential was -(73) mV, and calcium oxalate existed mainly in the form of calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) crystals. The above differences increased the aggregation trend of the crystallites in lithogenic urine and caused the probability of renal calculi formation to increase.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document