BOTH ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY AND SODIUM ABSORPTION RATIO OF THE FERTIGATION SOLUTION AFFECT YIELD AND QUALITY OF SOILLESS MELON CROPS

2006 ◽  
pp. 485-490
Author(s):  
M. Guzman ◽  
J. Olave
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Sodium Absorption ◽  
Sodium Absorption Ratio ◽  
Absorption Ratio ◽  
Yield And Quality

scholarly journals Assessment of Water Quality for Irrigation Purpose: A Case Study of Bassi and Chaksu Tehsils, Jaipur District, Rajasthan, India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arjun Lal Meena ◽  
Priyanka Bisht
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Sodium Absorption ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Sodium Absorption Ratio ◽  
Absorption Ratio ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Irrigation Purpose ◽  
Sodium Percentage ◽  
Kelly’S Ratio

Quality of Groundwater has assessed for irrigation purpose to get the suitability of water. Water samples has analysed by employing different parameters: Electrical Conductivity, Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR), Soluble Sodium Percentage (SSP), Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC), Kelly’s Ratio, Potential Salinity and Corrosive Ratio. Suitability of Water for irrigation has presented by the diagram based on the combination of Electrical Conductivity and Sodium Absorption Ratio suggested by United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Livelihood of the study area depends on the Agriculture and allied activities so it becomes more important to analyse the quality of water for irrigation.Keywords: Irrigation, Electrical Conductivity, Sodium Absorption Ratio, Kelly’s Ratio, Soluble Sodium Percentage.

scholarly journals Data on estimation for sodium absorption ratio: Using artificial neural network and multiple linear regressions

Data in Brief ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 1462-1467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid Radfard ◽  
Hamed Soleimani ◽  
Samira Nabavi ◽  
Bayram Hashemzadeh ◽  
Hesam Akbari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Artificial Neural Network ◽  
Sodium Absorption ◽  
Multiple Linear Regressions ◽  
Sodium Absorption Ratio ◽  
Absorption Ratio ◽  
Artificial Neural ◽  
Linear Regressions

Assessment of the various soft computing techniques to predict sodium absorption ratio (SAR)

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Sepahvand ◽  
Balraj Singh ◽  
Parveen Sihag ◽  
Aliakbar Nazari Samani ◽  
Hasan Ahmadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Computing ◽  
Sodium Absorption ◽  
Sodium Absorption Ratio ◽  
Absorption Ratio ◽  
Soft Computing Techniques

scholarly journals Toxicity analyses of surface water in selected industrial areas of Bogura sadar, Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-234
Author(s):  
ABM Shafiul Alam ◽  
Momtahina Bipa ◽  
Md Sefaur Rahman ◽  
Nurjahan Tabassum ◽  
Md Al Arafat Topu
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Sodium Absorption ◽  
Industrial Areas ◽  
Sodium Absorption Ratio ◽  
The Status ◽  
Ionic Toxicity ◽  
Surface Water Samples

An investigation was carried out to assess the extent of ionic toxicity of surface water samples for agricultural usage in the Karatoya-Bangali Floodplain (2,577 sq. km). Fifteen water samples were collected from five industrial areas of Bogura sadar upazila to assess the dissolved chemical constituents and also to classify them on the basis of their comparative stability for agricultural usage. Water samples were collected from surface water sources viz., rivers, canals and ponds at Bogura sadar upazila. The chemical analyses included pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), Ca, Mg, K, Na, Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn, Cd, Pb, B, As, CO3, HCO3, PO4, SO4 and Cl. The pH indicated that surface water samples were acidic to alkaline in nature (pH = 6.5-8.8). The electrical conductivity (EC) and sodium absorption ratio (SAR) revealed that all the surface samples were categorized as ‘medium salinity’ and ‘low alkalinity’ hazards with ‘excellent’ and ‘good’ in quality combining expressed as C2S1. Considering TDS all the surface waters were as ‘freshwater’. Soluble sodium percentage (SSP) indicated that all the surface water samples were ‘excellent’ and ‘good’ classes. Residual sodium carbonate (RSC) categorized the surface water samples as ‘suitable’ in quality for irrigation. The status of Ca, Mg, Na, K, Zn, Cu, As, B, Fe, CO3, SO4, PO4, and Cl were not hazards in the investigated area. In all surface water samples, HCO3 ion was considered as pollutant for irrigating crops. Rest ionic constituents were suitable for irrigation purposes. As, B, SO4, Cl and TDS were not problematic for drinking, TDS, Cd, Cu and Zn were not hazardous for livestock usage and SO4 and hardness (HT) were not problematic for aquaculture. But rest ionic constituents for these respective usages were toxic. Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.6(2): 227-234, August 2019

scholarly journals Assessment of Groundwater Quality of Agra District for the Irrigation Purpose

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinod Kumar ◽  
Surjeet Singh ◽  
Gopal Krishan
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Sodium Absorption ◽  
Residual Sodium Carbonate ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Sodium Absorption Ratio ◽  
Irrigation Purpose ◽  
Total Dissolved Solid

Groundwater quality of Agra district has been assessed considering twelve water quality parameters viz. pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solid (TDS), chloride (Clˉ), bicarbonate (HCO3ˉ), sulfate (SO4²ˉ), silicon (Si), iron (Fe), aluminium (Al), calcium (Ca⁺⁺), magnesium (Mg⁺⁺) and sodium (Na⁺). Data on groundwater quality of fifteen blocks of the Agra district were collected for nine years (2006-2014) from the Ground Water Department, Government of Uttar Pradesh. The data are investigated using Wilcox and Piper diagrams with the help of Aquachem 2011.1 software. The assessment on suitability of groundwater quality for the irrigation purpose is done using sodium percentage (Na%), Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR) and Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC) for all the blocks. The results show that groundwater of various blocks of Agra district is of Na⁺- Clˉ, Ca2⁺- Na⁺- HCO3ˉ, Ca²+ - Mg²+ - Clˉ, Ca²+ - HCO3ˉ, Ca²+ - Clˉ, Na⁺- CIˉ, Ca²+ - Mg²+ - Clˉ - SO4²ˉ and Ca²+ - Na+ - HCO3ˉ type. It is also found that the groundwater quality of the blocks Barauli Ahir, Fatehapur Sikari, Saiyan, Achhnera, Shamsabad, Khandouli, Pinahat, Jaitpur Kalan and Bah falls under very good to medium category and can be used for the irrigation purpose. However, the groundwater quality for the blocks Bichpuri, Akola, Fatehabad, Khairagarh, Etmadpur and Jagner falls under Medium to very bad category and hence cannot be used for the irrigation purpose. The outcome of the study would be helpful to the farmers, policy makers and water management authorities in planning and management of irrigation water.

scholarly journals Prospects of groundwater quality for irrigation in central tracts of Lalitpur region, Uttar Pradesh, India

2000 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Haldar ◽  
P. Dev
Keyword(s):  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Sodium Absorption ◽  
Permeability Index ◽  
High Permeability ◽  
Sodium Absorption Ratio ◽  
Major Cations ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Dug Well ◽  
Well Waters

The quality of selected bored well and dug well waters from the central tracts of the Lalitpur region in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India, was investigated for irrigation purposes.  The study area is situated within the latitudes 24° 35' N and 24° 43' N, and the longitudes 78° 20' 41" E and 78° 30' E in the basin of the Shahzad River, which is a tributary of the Betwa River. Granites and gneisses of Archaean age are exposed in various parts of the area. The selected groundwater samples were analysed for major cations, anions, trace elements, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), sodium absorption ratio (SAR), residual sodium carbonate (RSC), permeability index (Pl), and sodium per cent (SP). The analysed data were plotted on Wilcox and U.S. salinity diagrams to evaluate chemical quality of groundwater for irrigation. The SAR values (ranging from 0.47 to 79) are within the permissible limits. A majority of samples (i.e., 57.5%) belong to C3-S, class whereas remaining samples (42.5%) fall in C2-S1 class. Plots of SP against EC indicate that a large number of samples (67.5%) fall within Excellent to Good type of water whereas remaining samples lie within Good to Permissible type. Hence the water can be used for all types of crop on soils of medium to high permeability.

Hydrogeochemistry of Urban Wetlands of Delhi, India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prerna Joshi ◽  
Neelam Siva Siddaiah
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Sodium Absorption ◽  
Primary Concern ◽  
Urban Wetlands ◽  
Sodium Absorption Ratio

<p>Delhi, India’s capital is the second largest urban agglomeration in the world. It is expected to surpass Tokyo to become world’s largest city by 2028 with ~37 million inhabitants (UNDESA, 2018). This rapid growth is characterized by unsystematic urbanization, rapid shifts in its landuse patterns and tremendous pressure on the city’s natural resources. Among other forms of resource degradation, rapidly shrinking and stinking wetlands are of primary concern. Thus evidence-based policy making for their sustainable development and conservation require regular reporting and monitoring of their status.<br>Present study compares the hydrochemistry of two urban wetlands of Delhi (Sanjay lake and Bhalswa lake) having some crucial differences in their nature and catchment area activities. Surface water quality of these wetlands was studied for winter and summer with respect to their physico-chemical properties (temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, alkalinity and hardness) including major ions and trace metals employing standard analytical methods (APHA, 2005). Waters from both the wetlands are alkaline in nature. While pH of Sanjay lake shows a greater variation (7.9 to 10.8), that of Bhalswa lake is fairly constant (8.4 to 8.7), across the seasons. The wetland waters also vary seasonally in their chemistry. Differences in the nature and associated landuse of the wetlands is reflected in their water quality. Hydrogeochemistry of these wetlands were determined by Piper plot and Gibb’s diagram. While water from both the wetlands are Na<sup>+</sup>- SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup> type during summer, water from Bhalswa lake is Na<sup>+</sup>- SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup> type and that from Sanjay lake is Ca<sup>2+</sup>-Mg<sup>2+</sup>- SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup> type during winter. While water from Bhalswa lake shows an evaporation dominance regime, that from Sanjay lake show dominance of rock-water interaction. Water from both the wetlands are generally unsuitable for drinking purpose. While water from Bhalswa lake is unsuitable for irrigation as well, water from Sanjay lake is generally suitable as determined using various indices (% Na, Residual Sodium Carbonate, Sodium Absorption Ratio, etc.). Both the drinking and irrigational water quality of these wetlands deteriorate during summer. Factor analysis was also used to determine sources of pollution for the two wetlands during both winter and summer. Domestic sewage is observed to be a major source of pollution for both the wetlands. Thus, this study indicates that urban wetlands of Delhi are fast depleting in their health. In light of their importance as a significant urban water resource, a crucial ecological niche and an essential recreational spot for urban areas, there is an urgent need for positive interventions.</p>

scholarly journals Hydrochemistry and multivariate statistical analysis of the quality of water from Lake Bosomtwe for agricultural and human consumption

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (7) ◽  
pp. 704-719
Author(s):  
Gordon Amankwaa ◽  
Xifeng Yin ◽  
Liming Zhang ◽  
Weihong Huang ◽  
Yunfei Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Sodium Absorption ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Sodium Absorption Ratio ◽  
Piper Trilinear Diagram ◽  
Lake Bosomtwe

Abstract One of the six major meteoric lakes in the world, Lake Bosomtwe, is of great ecological significance for Ghanaians and the scientific community, most importantly for agricultural and human consumption. Water samples (n = 30) were collected to analyze the hydrogeochemical characteristics and water quality of the lake. Statistical methods including correlation, principal component, cluster analysis, Gibbs ratio, and the Piper–Trilinear diagram were used to analyze parameters. The Water Quality Index revealed that the lake water is not suitable for human consumption because measured pH, temperature, total dissolved solids, color, and bicarbonate exceeded their respective thresholds on all occasions. The calculated sodium absorption ratio (13.7–14.8) and soluble sodium percentage (94.43–95.43%) showed that the lake is not appropriate for irrigation as they exceeded their respective limit of 2 and 60%. The Gibbs ratio revealed that rock–water interaction is the underlying mechanism for water evolution. The Piper–Trilinear diagram revealed that alkalies earth and weak acids dominate the water chemistry of the lake. The dominant cation is sodium (82.22%), while the dominant anion is bicarbonate (79.39%). Five monitoring stations were identified, and the water quality was influenced by diverse anthropogenic and natural sources. The findings will provide a reference for policymakers and decision-makers at Lake Bosomtwe.

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