scholarly journals SEARCHING FOR RESISTANCE SOURCES TO WHEAT COMMON BUNT DISEASE AND EFFICIENCY OF BT GENES AGAINST TILLETIA TRITICI AND T. LAEVIS POPULATIONS

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emad M. AL-MAAROOF ◽  
R.M. Ali ◽  
H.A. MAHMOOD T.M. AZIZ
Keyword(s):  
Common Bunt ◽  
Tilletia Tritici ◽  
Resistance Sources ◽  
Bt Genes

scholarly journals Response of Lithuanian Winter Wheat Advanced Lines to Common Bunt (Tilletia tritici (BJERK.) WINT)

2009 ◽  
Vol 63 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
Vytautas Ruzgas ◽  
Žilvinas Liatukas
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Common Bunt ◽  
Infection Level ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Tilletia Tritici ◽  
Resistance Sources ◽  
Resistant Lines ◽  
High Infection ◽  
Very High

Response of Lithuanian Winter Wheat Advanced Lines to Common Bunt (Tilletia tritici (BJERK.) WINT) The study was carried out at the Lithuanian Institute of Agriculture in an artificially inoculated nursery during 2006-2007. Resistance to common bunt in 2006 was tested for 71, in 2007 for 118 breeding lines of Lithuanian winter wheat from the competitive trial nursery. Additionally, 148 promising lines were selected and tested from the check nursery, which possessed some resistance in their pedigree ancestors. The average disease incidence in 2006 and 2007 was 80.9 and 63.5%, respectively. The very high infection level highlighted the genotypes with the most effective resistance under conditions highly favourable for common bunt. There were no lines without infected ears. Among the 29 breeding lines tested in the two years, two lines Bill/Aspirant and Dream/Lut.9329 were infected the least, 17.2% and 1.9% in 2006 and 18.5% and 7.8% in 2007, respectively. Most of the breeding lines were highly susceptible. Lines with disease incidence over 50% accounted for over 90% in 2006 and 80% in 2007 of the total lines tested. The most resistant lines had in their pedigrees the following resistance sources: genotypes Bill, Lut.9329, Strumok, Lut.9313, Lut.9358, Tommi as well as Dream, Haldor, 91002G2.1, 96/101, Bezenchiukskaya380.

Influence of temperature on interaction of resistance genes in spring wheat differentials with races of common bunt (Tilletia tritici and T. laevis)

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 745-749 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Gaudet ◽  
B. J. Puchalski
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Specific Resistance ◽  
Common Bunt ◽  
Tilletia Tritici ◽  
Incubation Periods ◽  
Bt Genes ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Wheat Lines

Temperature affects the expression of resistance to common bunt and can influence the efficacy of tests to screen for resistance to this disease. A study was undertaken to determine the response of spring wheat differentials possessing bunt resistance genes to temperature and races of Tilletia tritici and T. laevis. Differential wheat lines carrying resistance genes Bt-2, Bt-7, Bt-8, Bt-9, and Bt-10, were individually inoculated with bunt races L3, T1, T15, and T27, and incubated at 8, 10 or 15 °C for 0–10 wk. Responses to bunt infection following low temperature incubation at 8, 10, and 15 °C differed among differentials carrying the Bt genes. The resistance of the Bt-10 differential was effective at all three temperatures for all incubation periods whereas the resistance in differentials carrying the Bt-2 or Bt-8 gene was effective at 15 °C but not at 8 °C and 10 °C. Resistance in the Bt-9 differential was ineffective at all three temperatures. The four races of common bunt were similar in their level of infection in the differentials carrying individual Bt genes at the different temperatures although some differences in infection levels were observed. A screening test consisting of 2–4 wk growth at 15 °C followed by growth to maturity in the greenhouse can identify wheat lines containing Bt-8 and Bt-10. Key words:Triticum aestivum, smut, race specific resistance

scholarly journals Compatible and Incompatible Interactions in Wheat Involving the Bt-10 Gene for Resistance to Tilletia tritici, the Common Bunt Pathogen

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (11) ◽  
pp. 1397-1405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis A. Gaudet ◽  
Zhen-Xiang Lu ◽  
Frances Leggett ◽  
Bryan Puchalski ◽  
André Laroche
Keyword(s):  
Compatible Interaction ◽  
Incompatible Interaction ◽  
Common Bunt ◽  
Tilletia Tritici ◽  
Pathogen Invasion ◽  
Reaction Zones ◽  
The Common ◽  
Wheat Lines ◽  
Compatible Interactions ◽  
Incompatible Interactions

The infection of wheat lines Neepawa (susceptible), and its sib BW553 that is nearly isogenic for the Bt-10 resistance gene by differentially virulent races T1 and T27 of common bunt (Tilletia tritici), was followed for 21 days following seeding (dfs) using fluorescence and confocal microscopy. Spore germination was nonsynchronous and all spore stages including germination were observed 5 to 21 dfs. Initial host perception of pathogen invasion, based on autofluorescence in epidermal cells adjacent to the appressoria, was similar in both compatible and incompatible interactions, and occurred as early as 5 to 6 dfs. The total number of sites on a 1-cm segment of coleoptile adjacent to the seed that exhibited autofluorescence was similar in both the compatible and incompatible interactions and rose to a maximum of 35 to 40 per 1 cm length of coleoptile following 17 dfs, although new infection events were observed as late as 21 dfs. In the compatible interaction, the autofluorescence became more diffuse 10 to 12 dfs, emanating in all directions in association with fungal spread. In the incompatible interaction, autofluorescence remained restricted to a small area surrounding the penetration site. Two different reaction zones that extended further in tissues surrounding the penetration point in the incompatible interaction compared with the compatible interaction were identified. The accumulation of callose around invading fungal hyphae was observed during both the compatible and incompatible interactions from 8 to 21 dfs. While callose accumulation was more extensive and widespread in the incompatible interaction, it was clearly present in compatible interactions, particularly in treatments involving BW553. These results were confirmed by expression of callose synthase transcripts that were more abundant in BW553 than in Neepawa and were upregulated during pathogen infection in both compatible and incompatible interactions.

scholarly journals Effect of some induce chemical and biological agents against (Tilletia tritici (Bjerk) and T.laevis (Kühn) causal agents of wheat Common bunt disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-260
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Biological Agents ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Systemic Resistance ◽  
Induce Systemic Resistance ◽  
Common Bunt ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Effective Microorganisms ◽  
Tilletia Tritici ◽  
Foliar Treatment

This study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of some chemicals and biological agents to induce systemic resistance (ISR) against to wheat common bunt disease caused by the two species of fungus Tilletia tritici (Bjerk.) Wint (T. caries (Dac.) Tul.) and T. laevis Kuhn (T. foetida (Wall.) Liro. Trails in the efforts to find an alternative, safe and environmentally friendly means to control the disease. Results of this study which carried out during two consecutive seasons for the years 2012 - 2013 and 2013 - 2014 at two different environmental locations. Seed treatment by (SA 100 and 200 mg/L, 500 ?–aminobutyric acid (BABA) and 1000 mg/L, Effective Microorganisms (EM1) 40 and 150 ml/kg seeds) have led to high significant reduction in the percentage of common bunt compared with the control (plants resulting from the seeds contaminated non- treatment), While foliar treatment showed some significant differences, especially in the experiment carried out at the fields of College of Agriculture - Baghdad University compared with experiments carried out in the fields of Faculty of Agricultural Sciences -University of Sulaimania, which did not showed significant differences in most treatments. The treatment with Effective microorganisms was found efficient in reducing the infection rate compared with SA and BABA.

Resistance genes and sources for the control of wheat common bunt (Tilletia tritici (DC.) Tul.)

Biologija ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 274-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Žilvinas Liatukas ◽  
Vytautas Ruzgas
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Common Bunt ◽  
Tilletia Tritici

scholarly journals Common bunt (Tilletia tritici) in different wheat genotypes

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. 16-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Rajkovic ◽  
N. Dolovac
Keyword(s):  
Full Text ◽  
Common Bunt ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Tilletia Tritici

see the full text

Seeding date and location affect winter wheat infection by common bunt (Tilletia tritici and T. laevis) in western Canada

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 483-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Gaudet ◽  
B. J. Puchalski ◽  
T. Despins ◽  
C. McCartney ◽  
J. G. Menzies ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Resistant Variety ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Common Bunt ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Tilletia Tritici ◽  
Seeding Date ◽  
High Infection ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

Gaudet, D. A., Puchalski, B. J., Despins, T., McCartney, C., Menzies, J. G. and Graf, R. J. 2013. Seeding date and location affect winter wheat infection by common bunt (Tilletia tritici and T. laevis) in western Canada. Can. J. Plant Sci. 93: 483–489. The majority of western Canadian winter wheat varieties are susceptible to common bunt (Tilletia tritici and T. laevis) and the risk to production, particularly in Saskatchewan and Manitoba, where the majority of production occurs, is unknown. Inoculated trials were employed to determine the effects of fall seeding date on bunt infection levels on one resistant and two susceptible winter wheat varieties at three locations in western Canada during three growing seasons from 2007/2008 to 2009/2010. Among the three locations, average infection levels were highest in Lethbridge, AB, followed by Glenlea, MB, and Saskatoon, SK. Later seeding resulted in high infection levels at all three locations in the susceptible varieties, particularly in Lethbridge, but high infection levels were observed in the earliest seeded treatments at both the Saskatchewan and Manitoba locations. The resistant variety Blizzard consistently exhibited infection levels of less than 3% infection across all environments. In a second test at conducted at Lethbridge, 10 of the 11 currently grown winter wheat varieties were susceptible to common bunt. These results indicate that there is a general risk of common bunt infection to winter wheat production across western Canada and that control measures must be taken until resistant varieties are developed.

Culm height and susceptibility of Canadian winter and spring wheat cultivars to common bunt (Tilletia tritici and T. laevis)

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 677-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Gaudet ◽  
B. J. Puchalski ◽  
T. Entz
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Specific Resistance ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Common Bunt ◽  
Nonspecific Resistance ◽  
Tilletia Tritici ◽  
Cultivar Variation ◽  
Low Levels

A field study involving winter and spring wheat cultivars possessing race-specific and nonspecific resistance to Tilletia tritici and T. laevis was conducted to determine the effect of bunt on culm dwarfing, and the role of culm height in the susceptibility of wheat cultivars. Bunt-induced stunting, ranging from 2.4 to 21%, was observed in 20 of 25 cultivars and the severity was correlated with level of bunt (r = 0.86). Also, there was preferential infection of shorter culms by the bunt fungus and this appeared to be a major factor in the susceptibility of most cultivars in this study. Cultivars possessing moderate to high levels of nonspecific resistance such as Katepwa and Chinook had fewer short culms; these short culms were susceptible. A large proportion of the culms of short-statured or semi-dwarf cultivars such as HY320, Tobari 66, and the soft white spring wheats Fielder and Springfield, fell into the shortest height classes; uniformly these were highly susceptible to bunt infection. Laura and Roblin, cultivars of conventional height, had a large proportion of short culms and these were highly susceptible. Red Bobs 222 and HY355 also exhibited high levels of bunt in the taller culms. Cultivars possessing race-specific resistance such as the durum wheats and BW553 had low levels of infection across the culm height classes. Cultivar variation in susceptibility to bunt within each of the different culm height classes also was observed. The possible implications of the effect of preferential bunting of short culms on development in short-statured or semi-dwarf wheats are discussed. Key words: Stinking smut, Norin 10/Brevor

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