scholarly journals Natural Disasters and Life-threatening Diseases: Psychological Consequences

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-212
Author(s):  
N.E. Kharlamenkova ◽  
D.A. Nikitina
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Psychopathological Symptoms ◽  
Somatic Disease ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Post Traumatic

The article presents the results of the theoretical and empirical study of the psychological consequences of the different types of stressors impact on humans. A frequency analysis of extreme stressful events was carried out on the sample n=529 people (from 17 to 41 years old, 233 men and 296 women). In order to study the psychological consequences of certain types of stressors – natural disasters and life-threatening diseases influence, an analysis of post-traumatic stress and psychopathological symptoms was carried out in the part of the sample (n=90 people). The k-means cluster analysis divided the sample into three groups, the first of which included mainly respondents who indicated life-threatening diseases, and the third one – natural disasters; in the second group, events were distributed evenly. Comparison of different groups data allowed us to verify the hypothesis of the study. Revealed that the psychological consequences of natural disasters and life-threatening diseases differ in the level of post-traumatic stress and psychopathological symptoms – depression, anxiety, interpersonal sensitivity, paranoia and other symptoms, which are more pronounced in people with a severe somatic disease in anamnesis. The success of coping with psychological consequences of the various stressors influence is analyzed in the context of interpreting these consequences as a collective or individual trauma.

scholarly journals PSYCHOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES OF THE INFLUENCE OF HIGH-INTENSITY STRESSORS OF DIFFERENT TYPES

2020 ◽  
Vol 116 (5) ◽  
pp. 110-120
Author(s):  
Nataliya E. Kharlamenkova ◽  
◽  
Dariya A. Nikitina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Psychopathological Symptoms ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The Russian Language

The article is devoted to the study of delayed (post-traumatic) stress caused by different types of stressful situations (death of a loved one, life-threatening diseases, traffic accidents, situations of physical and emotional violence) during early adulthood, the analysis of specific psychological markers of its intensity. The study involved 509 people (232 men and 277 women) aged 17 to 35 years (Me = 21; SD = 4,3). Methods: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL-5) in the Russian-language adaptation by N. V. Tarabrina and co-authors for the diagnosis of stressful events and their psychological consequences; the list of stress situations contained in the Life Events Checklist (LEC-5) for DSM-5; the Symptom Check List-90-r-Revised (SCL-90-R) technique in the Russian-language adaptation by N. V. Tarabrina and co-authors was used to evaluate psychopathological symptoms. It has been shown that the most severe in intensity posttraumatic stress causes situations that pose a threat to the physical and psychological well-being of a person at the same time (violence and life-threatening disease). Taking into account the level of mental trauma and the type of stressor, an analysis of a number of features of psychopathological symptoms was carried out. The results of the study made it possible to identify markers of severe post-traumatic stress, which were indicators of violation of contact with reality, expressed in distancing a person from the surrounding reality, distrust of the world, suspicion, phobic anxiety.

scholarly journals The Nature of Post-Traumatic Stress in Life-Threatening Diseases

Vestnik RFFI ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 49-58
Author(s):  
Natalia E. Kharlamenkova ◽  
Daria A. Nikitina
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Paranoid Ideation ◽  
Special Configuration ◽  
Psychological Study ◽  
Psychopathological Symptoms ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Level

This article presents the results of theoretical and empirical study of the psychological problems, which are arisen on the influence of high-intensity stressors on a personality. The post-traumatic stress, as a delayed complex response to a stress- or – a life-threatening disease, is considered as one of such consequences. On a sample of people (n = 39) diagnosed with meningioma (a benign tumor of the arachnoid mater), in the post-surgical period, a comprehensive psychological study was conducted using the interviewing and testing methods. The authors verified the hypothesis of a special configuration of personality characteristics and psychopathological symptoms at different levels of post-traumatic stress (PTS), caused by the reaction of the individual to the diagnosis of meningioma. The investigation demonstrates that at the high level of PTS such personality traits as depression, emotional lability, shyness and irritability are diagnosed, that are the most likely prerequisites for the development of psychopathological symptoms – depression, anxiety, paranoid ideation and psychoticism. It is concluded that the severe experience of post-traumatic stress, caused by the diagnosis of a life-threatening illness, systematically manifests itself at all levels of the individual functioning – organismal, psychological and social.

scholarly journals Emotional Personality Characteristics of Patients Diagnosed with Meningioma with Severe Post-Traumatic Stress

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 150-167
Author(s):  
N.E. Kharlamenkova ◽  
O.S. Zaitsev ◽  
D.A. Nikitina ◽  
A.N. Kormilitsyna
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Basic Assumptions ◽  
National Medical ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The Russian Federation

The results of the study on post-traumatic stress rates and individual indicators arising in response to the diagnosis of a life-threatening disease are being analyzed. The participants of the study are the patients of Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (n = 25) diagnosed with meningioma. It has been shown that one of the psychological consequences of the diagnosis of “meningioma” is post-traumatic stress of different intensity rates. Increased depression, shyness and emotional lability are associated with high post-traumatic stress rates. The comparison of the triad of emotional-personal characteristics, social support indicators (according to the Psychological Safety Questionnaire) and basic assumptions (according to the World Assumptions Scale) made it possible to verify the research hypothesis. It has been revealed that high rates on depression and shyness scales (according to the Freiburg Personality Inventory) do not reflect the tendency to avoid social contact, but indirectly indicate the presence of auto-aggression or introverted orientation directed to oneself in people diagnosed with this disease.

scholarly journals Severe life events and their psychological consequences: loss or threat of loss of nearest

2019 ◽  
pp. 96-101
Author(s):  
Nadezhda N. Kazymova ◽  
Natal'ya Ye. Kharlamenkova ◽  
Dar'ya A. Nikitina
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Death ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Loved One ◽  
Psychopathological Symptoms ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Severe Life Events ◽  
Threat To Life

The article analyses the specifics of the psychotraumatic experience associated with the experience of loss of a loved one (due to an accident or natural causes) and the threat to life caused by the presence of a dangerous disease. It is shown that the psychotraumatic effect of the experience of these events is similar in the degree of intensity of post-traumatic stress and some symptoms, with the exception of the symptom of arousal, which takes the highest rates in the sudden nature of the psychotraumatic situation (sudden death, dangerous diseases or injuries). It was found that the closest relationship between the level of post-traumatic stress and psychopathological symptoms (anxiety, somatisation, interpersonal sensitivity, etc.) is observed in the case of delayed experience of a dangerous disease, which allows us to consider it as a special existential situation.

scholarly journals Group Play Therapy for Preadolescents: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder of Natural Disaster Victims in Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 213-222
Author(s):  
Nandang Rusmana ◽  
Anne Hafina ◽  
Dodi Suryana
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Play Therapy ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Disaster Victims ◽  
Group Play Therapy ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Group Play

Background: This study was motivated by the failure of coping and adaptation to traumatic experiences that cause a wide, deep, and long-term snowball effect that may not be reversible. Objective: This study aims to test the effectiveness of the implementation of group play therapy in dealing with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) victims of natural disasters in three provinces in Indonesia. Materials and Methods: The study employed an explanatory mixed methods design. The procedures and steps taken in this study refer to the research and development cycle. The subjects and objects of the study were 106 male and 92 female preadolescent students of junior high school in three provinces in Indonesia. Results: Traumatic counselling through group play therapy techniques has the effect of reducing post-traumatic stress disorder on victims of the tsunami disaster in three provinces in Indonesia. The first study conducted in Lombok West Nusa Tenggara province obtained the results of the calculation of the value μ2 = 0.021 for the value of μ1> 0.05. The second study in Palu, Central Sulawesi Province obtained the results of the calculation of the value of μ2 = 0.018 for the value of μ1> 0.05, and the third study in Anyer, Banten province obtained the results of the calculation of the value of µ2 = 0.011 for the value of µ1 > 0.05. Conclusion: Teaching and practising the skills of traumatic counselling using using Group Play Therapy can handle PTSD victims of natural disasters that significantly change victims.

Exposure to stressful events during a peacekeeping mission may have a price: The impact on trait of negative and positive affect and mental health

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1285-1291
Author(s):  
Roberta Sonia Rodrigues Álvares ◽  
Ana Carolina Ferraz Mendonça-de-Souza ◽  
Antônio Fernando Araujo Duarte ◽  
Thaís Medeiros Gameiro ◽  
Nastassja Lopes Fischer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The Impact

We evaluated the participants’ negative affect, positive affect, post-traumatic stress disorder, and depression symptoms before and after a peacekeeping mission. Depression symptoms and positive affect after mission were significantly associated with exposure to stressful events during the mission, controlled by the respective characteristics before mission. Negative affect and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms after mission had a tendency to be associated with exposure to stressful events during the mission, controlled by the respective characteristics before mission. In conclusion, even in healthy and physically active male peacekeepers, those more exposed to stressful events could be more vulnerable to present negative outcomes.

Reproductive and Mental Health during Natural Disaster

2015 ◽  
pp. 265-291
Author(s):  
Jasim Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Psychological Trauma ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The Impact

With the ever-increasing number of natural disasters, it is important to understand the impact on the health and wellbeing of survivors, especially women. The reproductive and mental health of women contributes significantly to their overall wellbeing. The Chapter gives an overview of natural disasters with an emphasis on consequences of earthquakes of health and wellbeing of the survivors. It includes a critical review of published studies on psychological trauma and reproductive health following earthquake disasters. Among the psychological consequences of earthquakes, this chapter describes post-traumatic stress disorder, depression and anxiety. The last section of this chapter reviewed reproductive health in relation to the mental health consequences following natural disasters.

PTSD and Medical Illness

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Roy-Byrne ◽  
Murray B. Stein
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
Medical Illness ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Multiple Perspectives ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Reciprocal Relationships ◽  
Traumatic Exposure ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Post Traumatic

There has been increasing recognition of the important and reciprocal relationship between medical illness and depressive and anxiety disorders. This chapter examines the interrelationship between medical illness and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), a unique disorder with features of depression and anxiety, from multiple perspectives. Medical illness, especially acute, unexpected illness and injury, can serve as a life-threatening traumatic stressor that precipitates PTSD through multiple mechanisms. PTSD, and even traumatic exposure without subsequent PTSD, may increase the risk of a variety of medical illnesses, with the most-studied illness being cardiovascular disease. PTSD may also worsen the course and outcome of already existing medical illness. Extant research has not addressed the possibility that medical Illness may worsen the course or outcome of PTSD, but similar research has shown only limited effects of medical illness on depression and anxiety outcomes. These reciprocal relationships are thought to exert their effects through mutually reinforcing neurobiological mechanisms as well as through effects on health behaviors.

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