scholarly journals Assessing the Aircraft Crew Activity Basing on Video Oculography Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 204-222
Author(s):  
L.S. Kuravsky ◽  
G.A. Yuriev ◽  
V.I. Zlatomrezhev ◽  
I.I. Greshnikov ◽  
B.Yu. Polyakov
Keyword(s):  
Process Analysis ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Video Oculography ◽  
Movement Trajectories ◽  
The Gaze ◽  
Performance Quality ◽  
Flight Mode ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Oculomotor Activity

Mathematical models and methods for crew training level assessing based on video oculography data are presented. The results obtained are based on comparing the studied fragments of oculomotor activity of pilots with comparable patterns of video oculography data of various types and performance quality contained in a pre-formed specialized database. To obtain estimates, a complex combination of random process analysis and multivariate statistical analysis is used. The “intelligence” of diagnostic tools is contained in empirical data and can flexibly change as they accumulate. The considered example of determining the flight mode and pilot qualification based on video oculography data allows us to talk about the possibility of significant discrimination of the gaze movement trajectories of pilots at different flight phases and significant discrimination of the gaze movement trajectories of experienced and inexperienced pilots at certain phases of flight. An important new component of the presented results is a discriminant analysis for solving the problem of flight exercises classification, based on the principles of quantum computing. The scope of the considered approach is not limited to aviation applications and can be extended to tasks that are similar in content.

scholarly journals Principles of Developing a Software and Hardware Complex for Crew Intelligent Support and Training Level Assessment

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-30
Author(s):  
I.I. Greshnikov ◽  
L.S. Kuravsky ◽  
G.A. Yuriev
Keyword(s):  
Wavelet Coefficients ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Intelligent Support ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Euclidean Metric ◽  
Performance Quality ◽  
Hardware Complex ◽  
Software And Hardware ◽  
And Performance ◽  
And Training

Presented is a new approach to aircraft crew intelligent support, which is based on comparing flight fragments (maneuvers) under study with the relevant patterns contained in the database and representing the system “empirical intelligence”. Principal components of this approach are four new metrics for comparing flight fragments, viz.: the Euclidean metric in the space of wavelet coefficients; the likelihood metric of eigenvalue trajectories for transformations of activity parameters; the Kohonen metric in the space of wavelet coefficients; the likelihood metric for comparing gaze trajectories. Features of the presented approach are: the presence of an “intelligent component” that is contained in empirical data and can be flexibly changed as they accumulate; the use of integral comparisons of the flight fragments under study and video oculography data with relevant patterns of various types and performance quality from a specialized database, with transferring characteristics of the nearest pattern from this specialized database to the fragment under study; applying a complex combination of the methods for stochastic processes analysis and multivariate statistical techniques.

scholarly journals Assessing the Aircraft Crew Actions with the Aid of a Human Factor Risk Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-181
Author(s):  
L.S. Kuravsky ◽  
G.A. Yuryev ◽  
V.I. Zlatomrezhev ◽  
N.E. Yuryeva
Keyword(s):  
Human Factor ◽  
Risk Model ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Final Conclusion ◽  
Movement Trajectories ◽  
Performance Quality ◽  
Automatic Mode ◽  
Computational Performance ◽  
And Performance ◽  
And Cluster Analysis

Presented is a human factor risk model when piloting an aircraft. This model is based on comparing representations of the evaluated crew actions with the comparable action representations of various types and performance quality, which form a representative sample and are contained in a pre-formed specialized database. The risk in question is represented by probabilistic estimates, which result from consistent applications of the Principal Component Analysis, Multidimensional Scaling, and Cluster Analysis to three types of characteristics, viz.: parameters of flights and states of aircraft systems, gaze movement trajectories and time series of oculomotor activity primary indexes. These steps form the clusters of flight fragments for various types and performance quality, including abnormal ones. The Discriminant Analysis provides calculating the probabilistic profile for belonging to certain target clusters, with a final conclusion being derived from this structure. Key elements of the approach presented are three new metrics used to compare crew actions and to ensure significant discrimination for flight fragments of various types and performance quality. Detailing flight parameters contributions in differences of the flight fragments in a given metric is carried out to provide meaningful analysis of the detected abnormality causes. With sufficient computational performance, the flight data analysis under consideration can be implemented in real time automatic mode.

scholarly journals The burden of congenital Chagas disease and implementation of molecular diagnostic tools in Latin America

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. e001069 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert Picado ◽  
Israel Cruz ◽  
Maël Redard-Jacot ◽  
Alejandro G Schijman ◽  
Faustino Torrico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Molecular Tests ◽  
Epidemiological Impact ◽  
And Performance

It is estimated that between 8000 and 15 000 Trypanosoma cruzi infected babies are born every year to infected mothers in Chagas disease endemic countries. Currently, poor access to and performance of the current diagnostic algorithm, based on microscopy at birth and serology at 8–12 months after delivery, is one of the barriers to congenital Chagas disease (CCD) control. Detection of parasite DNA using molecular diagnostic tools could be an alternative or complement to current diagnostic methods, but its implementation in endemic regions remains limited. Prompt diagnosis and treatment of CCD cases would have a positive clinical and epidemiological impact. In this paper, we analysed the burden of CCD in Latin America, and the potential use of molecular tests to improve access to early diagnosis and treatment of T. cruzi infected newborns.

scholarly journals A Data Size Reduction Approach Applicable in Process Control System of Oil and Gas Plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 639
Author(s):  
Reza Abbasinejad ◽  
Farzad Hourfar ◽  
Chandra Mouli R Madhuranthakam ◽  
Ali Elkamel
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Process Control System ◽  
Monitoring Systems ◽  
Process Variables ◽  
Performance Quality ◽  
Mathematical Techniques ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Cost ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Gas Plants

In oil and gas plants, the cost of devices applicable for supervising and controlling systems directly depends on the transmission and storage systems, which are related to the data size of process variables. In this paper, process variables frequency-domain and statistical analysis results have been studied to infer if there exists any possibility to reduce data size of the process variables without loss of any necessary information. Although automatic control is not applicable in a shutdown condition, for generalization of the obtained results, unscheduled shutdown data has also been analyzed and studied. The main goal of this paper is to develop an applicable algorithm for oil and gas plants to decrease the data size in controlling and monitoring systems, based on well-known and powerful mathematical techniques. The results show that it is possible to reduce the size of data dramatically (more than 99% for controlling, and more than 55% for monitoring purposes in comparison with existing methods), without loss of vital information and performance quality.

scholarly journals Seeking Challenges, Individual Adaptability and Career Growth in the Relationship between Workload and Contextual Performance: A Two-Wave Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuela Ingusci ◽  
Paola Spagnoli ◽  
Margherita Zito ◽  
Lara Colombo ◽  
Claudio Cortese
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Process Analysis ◽  
Job Demands ◽  
Contextual Performance ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Career Growth ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship

Based on the theoretical approach of the psychology of sustainability and sustainable development and on the theoretical Job Demands-Resources model, this contribution aims to explore the mediating effect of seeking challenges on the relationship between workload and contextual performance and the moderating effects of individual adaptability and organizational career growth in this process. The study involved a convenience sample from different occupational sectors. Data from 178 employees were collected with a self-report questionnaire administered at times T1 and T2 (six months later) and then analyzed through conditional process analysis. Challenging job demands (T1) fully mediated the relationship between workload (T1) and contextual performance (T2); furthermore, individual adaptability (T1) moderated the relationship between workload (T1) and challenging job demands (T1), and organizational career growth (T2) moderated the relationship between challenging job demands (T1) and contextual performance (T2). The results imply that seeking challenges can represent an effective approach to promote sustainable development through improvement of performance at work, maintaining its sustainability over time. The present study is innovative because in the new framework of the psychology of sustainability and sustainable development is able to link workload, seeking challenges, career growth and performance in a two-wave study that not only has theoretical implications for organizations but also operative and practical spillovers.

Pop Culture/Visual Culture

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Wanzo
Keyword(s):  
Visual Culture ◽  
Performance Studies ◽  
Art History ◽  
Film Studies ◽  
Pop Culture ◽  
Gender And Sexuality ◽  
The Gaze ◽  
Feminist Study ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Performance

Feminist scholars in fields as varied as art history, film studies, cultural studies, literary studies, sociology, communications, and performance studies have made important contributions to discussions about representations of gender and sexuality in everyday life. This chapter examines themes and issues in the feminist study of popular culture and visual culture, including: the history of sexist representation; the gendered nature of the “gaze” and the instability of that concept; the question of whether or not representation has effects; the anxieties surrounding consumption of “women’s texts”; and the challenges in deciphering women’s agency and authorship given constraints produced by institutions and ideology.

Development and evaluation of two brief group interventions for music performance anxiety in community musicians

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dianna T. Kenny ◽  
Naomi Halls
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Sensitivity ◽  
Music Performance ◽  
Performance Anxiety ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Group Interventions ◽  
Empirically Supported Treatment ◽  
Music Performance Anxiety ◽  
Performance Quality ◽  
And Performance

This study presents the development, administration and evaluation of two brief group interventions for music performance anxiety (MPA) aimed at reducing anxiety and improving performance quality. A cognitive behavioural therapy intervention was developed based on an existing empirically-supported treatment Chilled (Rapee et al., 2006), focusing on cognitive, physiological and behavioural symptoms. The second treatment, anxiety sensitivity reduction, targeted primarily physiological symptoms and included relaxation strategies. Interventions were administered in a workshop format over one day with four intervention sessions, preceded by a pedagogic practice skills session that functioned as a control/placebo intervention. A quasi-experimental group randomization design compared the interventions in a heterogeneous sample of community musicians. Sixty-eight participants completed measures of trait anxiety, anxiety sensitivity, depression, and MPA. Participants performed four times (pre- and post-placebo, post-treatment and follow-up) and were assessed for state anxiety and performance quality at each performance. Results indicated that both interventions offered moderately significant gains for the musicians: anxiety was reduced and performance quality improved after each intervention and changes were maintained at follow-up. Anxiety sensitivity reduction showed a trend to exceed the CBT-based interventions, but a larger, higher-powered study is needed to confirm this advantage.

scholarly journals gEYEded: Subtle and Challenging Gaze-Based Player Guidance in Exploration Games

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Lankes ◽  
Andreas Haslinger ◽  
Christian Wolff
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
The Other ◽  
First Person ◽  
The Gaze ◽  
Sensitive Areas ◽  
Game Context ◽  
And Performance

This paper investigates the effects of gaze-based player guidance on the perceived game experience, performance, and challenge in a first-person exploration game. In contrast to existing research, the proposed approach takes the game context into account by providing players not only with guidance but also granting them an engaging game experience with a focus on exploration. This is achieved by incorporating gaze-sensitive areas that indicate the location of relevant game objects. A comparative study was carried out to validate our concept and to examine if a game supported with a gaze guidance feature triggers a more immersive game experience in comparison to a crosshair guidance version and a solution without any guidance support. In general, our study findings reveal a more positive impact of the gaze-based guidance approach on the experience and performance in comparison to the other two conditions. However, subjects had a similar impression concerning the game challenge in all conditions.

scholarly journals Self–Evaluating and Benchmarking Environmental Performance of Businesses: A Web–Based Approach

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-103
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Environmental Technology ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Best Available Techniques ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Medium Enterprises

A Web-node has been created in order to address the specific needs of the small and medium enterprises (SMEs) of three important economic areas in the Mediterranean region, the food, textile and hotel sectors. The node provides important information on the market structure in the relevant sectors, environmental technology issues and legislation, as well as Diagnostic Tools allowing the selfevaluation and benchmarking of SME's environmental performance. Environmental performance is evaluated on the basis of the business operational data. A limited set of environmental indicators is being calculated, and performance is compared to that of its business competitors, as well as to international standards and "Best Available Techniques". The diagnosis procedure identifies potential environmental problems in the daily operation of the companies. The system suggests actions of minor and/or greater cost which could improve environmental performance and calculates the potential benefit from the decrease of the operational cost. The overall objective is to assist SMEs in increasing their competitiveness and thereby their position in the market.

scholarly journals dfgcompare: a library to support process variant analysis through Markov models

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin Jalali ◽  
Paul Johannesson ◽  
Erik Perjons ◽  
Ylva Askfors ◽  
Abdolazim Rezaei Kalladj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Markov Models ◽  
Process Analysis ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Software Support ◽  
Cohort Comparison ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Variant Analysis ◽  
And Performance

Abstract Background Data-driven process analysis is an important area that relies on software support. Process variant analysis is a sort of analysis technique in which analysts compare executed process variants, a.k.a. process cohorts. This comparison can help to identify insights for improving processes. There are a few software supports to enable process cohort comparison based on the frequencies of process activities and performance metrics. These metrics are effective in cohort analysis, but they cannot support cohort comparison based on the probability of transitions among states, which is an important enabler for cohort analysis in healthcare. Results This paper defines an approach to compare process cohorts using Markov models. The approach is formalized, and it is implemented as an open-source python library, named dfgcompare. This library can be used by other researchers to compare process cohorts. The implementation is also used to compare caregivers’ behavior when prescribing drugs in the Stockholm Region. The result shows that the approach enables the comparison of process cohorts in practice. Conclusions We conclude that dfgcompare supports identifying differences among process cohorts.

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