scholarly journals Antibacterial therapy for uncompleted upper urinary tract infections

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 37-40
Author(s):  
Adel S. Al-Shukri ◽  
Elena E. Zakharevich
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Upper Urinary Tract ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Good Tolerance ◽  
High Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Tract Infections

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the use of the drug Hileflox 750 (levofloxacin) in the treatment of uncomplicated infections of the upper urinary tract (pyelonephritis). 46 patients (9 men and 37 women) with uncomplicated pyelonephritis were observed. All patients were treated with Hileflox 750 mg orally once a day for 5 days. The drug showed high antibacterial activity, clinical efficacy and good tolerance. During follow-up for 6 months, not one patient showed abnormalities in laboratory tests, the development of complications or relapses of the disease. Conclusions: the results of the study showed the feasibility and effectiveness of the use of the drug Hayleflox 750 for the treatment of uncomplicated pyelonephritis in monotherapy.

scholarly journals Microbiome recovery in adult females with uncomplicated urinary tract infections in a randomised phase 2A trial of the novel antibiotic gepotidacin (GSK140944)

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Nuzzo ◽  
Stephanie Van Horn ◽  
Christopher Traini ◽  
Caroline R. Perry ◽  
Etienne F. Dumont ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Human Microbiome ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Pharyngeal Cavity ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Microbiome Diversity ◽  
Antibiotic Drug ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract Background With increasing concerns about the impact of frequent antibiotic usage on the human microbiome, it is important to characterize the potential for such effects in early antibiotic drug development clinical trials. In a randomised Phase 2a clinical trial study that evaluated the pharmacokinetics of repeated oral doses of gepotidacin, a first-in-chemical-class triazaacenaphthylene antibiotic with a distinct mechanism of action, in adult females with uncomplicated urinary tract infections for gepotidacin (GSK2140944) we evaluated the potential changes in microbiome composition across multiple time points and body-sites (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03568942). Results Samples of gastrointestinal tract (GIT), pharyngeal cavity and vaginal microbiota were collected with consent from 22 patients at three time points relative to the gepotidacin dosing regimen; Day 1 (pre-dose), Day 5 (end of dosing) and Follow-up (Day 28 ± 3 days). Microbiota composition was determined by DNA sequencing of 16S rRNA gene variable region 4 amplicons. By Day 5, significant changes were observed in the microbiome diversity relative to pre-dose across the tested body-sites. However, by the Follow-up visit, microbiome diversity changes were reverted to compositions comparable to Day 1. The greatest range of microbiome changes by body-site were GIT followed by the pharyngeal cavity then vagina. In Follow-up visit samples we found no statistically significant occurrences of pathogenic taxa. Conclusion Our findings suggest that gepotidacin alteration of the human microbiome after 5 days of dosing is temporary and rebound to pre-dosing states is evident within the first month post-treatment. We recommend that future antibiotic drug trials include similar exploratory investigations into the duration and context of microbiome modification and recovery. Trial registration NCT03568942. Registered 26 June 2018.

scholarly journals The Antibacterial Activity of Human Amniotic Membrane against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria Associated with Urinary Tract Infections: New Insights from Normal and Cancerous Urothelial Models

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 218
Author(s):  
Taja Železnik Ramuta ◽  
Larisa Tratnjek ◽  
Aleksandar Janev ◽  
Katja Seme ◽  
Marjanca Starčič Erjavec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Amniotic Membrane ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Human Amniotic Membrane ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Tract Infections

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) represent a serious global health issue, especially due to emerging multidrug-resistant UTI-causing bacteria. Recently, we showed that the human amniotic membrane (hAM) could be a candidate for treatments and prevention of UPEC and Staphylococcus aureus infections. However, its role against multidrug-resistant bacteria, namely methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE), carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa has not yet been thoroughly explored. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that the hAM homogenate had antibacterial activity against 7 out of 11 tested multidrug-resistant strains, the greatest effect was on MRSA. Using novel approaches, its activity against MRSA was further evaluated in a complex microenvironment of normal and cancerous urinary bladder urothelia. Even short-term incubation in hAM homogenate significantly decreased the number of bacteria in MRSA-infected urothelial models, while it did not affect the viability, number, and ultrastructure of urothelial cells. The hAM patches had no antibacterial activity against any of the tested strains, which further exposes the importance of the hAM preparation. Our study substantially contributes to basic knowledge on the antibacterial activity of hAM and reveals its potential to be used as an antibacterial agent against multidrug-resistant bacteria.

scholarly journals Infeções do Trato Urinário numa Coorte de Transplantados Renais

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Bispo ◽  
Milene Fernandes ◽  
Cristina Toscano ◽  
Teresa Marques ◽  
Domingos Machado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Tract Infections

<strong>Introduction:</strong> Urinary tract infection is the most common infectious complication following renal transplantation and its frequency is insufficiently studied in Portugal. The aim of this study was to characterize the incidence of urinary tract infections and recurrent urinary tract infections in renal transplant recipients.<br /><strong>Material and Methods:</strong> This was a retrospective cohort observational study, obtained from clinical files of all patients who received a renal transplant at the Hospital of Santa Cruz, from January 2004 to December 2005, with a mean follow-up period of five years or until date of graft loss, death or loss of follow-up. After a descriptive analysis of the population, we used bivariate tests to identify risk factors for urinary tract infections.<br /><strong>Results:</strong> A total of 127 patients were included, with a 593 patients.year follow-up. We detected 53 patients (41.7%) presenting with at least one episode of urinary tract infection; 21 patients (16.5%) had recurrent urinary tract infection. Female gender was the only risk factor associated with the occurrence of urinary tract infections (p &lt; 0.001, OR = 7.08, RR = 2.95) and recurrent urinary tract infections (p &lt; 0.001, OR = 4.66, RR = 2.83). Escherichia coli (51.6%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (15.5%) and Enterobacter spp (9.9%) were the<br />most frequently identified pathogens. Patients did not reveal an increased mortality or allograft loss. However, urinary tract infections were the most important cause of hospital admissions.<br /><strong>Discussion:</strong> Female gender was the only risk factor for urinary tract infections in this population. Escherichia coli was the most frequent agent isolated.<br /><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Despite preventive measures, urinary tract infections remain an important cause of morbidity and hospital admissions.<br /><strong>Keywords:</strong> Urinary Tract Infections; Postoperative Complications; Risk Factors; Kidney Transplantation; Portugal.

The Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Bacampicillin Twice Daily in Comparative Studies

1987 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Blomqvist ◽  
S. Å. Hedström
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Chronic Bronchitis ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Effective Dosage ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Dose Levels

In 16 controlled, randomized, comparative studies a total of 953 patients were treated for urinary tract infection, sinusitis, otitis media or chronic bronchitis. The aim was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of bacampicillin in a twice daily dosage, compared with three times daily dosages of bacampicillin, ampicillin, amoxycillin and a twice daily dosage of co-trimoxazole. Bacampicillin was given in amounts of either 400 or 800 mg to 422 of the patients in these studies. The twice daily dosage of bacampicillin eradicated 89% of the causative bacteria of urinary tract infections compared to 86% with the other regimens. In acute sinusitis 92% and 96% of the patients were either cured or improved when treated with 400 and 800 mg bacampicillin twice daily respectively. Similar percentages occurred in the groups given the three times daily dosages. In exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, 800 mg bacampicillin twice daily was the minimum effective dosage and 84% of the patients were either cured or improved with this regimen. Adverse drug reactions due to bacampicillin at all dose levels were less frequent than those of other anti-microbials. The lowest frequency of diarrhoea, 2.4%, was seen in the group given 400 mg bacampicillin twice daily. Dosages of 400 or 800 mg bacampicillin twice daily had a reliable efficacy combined with a low frequency of adverse reactions in respiratory and urinary tract infections.

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