Could a Decentralized Onsite Earthquake Early Warning System Help in Mitigating Seismic Risk in Northeastern Italy? The Case of the 1976 Ms 6.5 Friuli Earthquake

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 3323-3333
Author(s):  
Stefano Parolai ◽  
Luca Moratto ◽  
Michele Bertoni ◽  
Chiara Scaini ◽  
Alessandro Rebez
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Seismic Risk ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Strong Motion ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Earthquake Early Warning ◽  
Industrial Facilities ◽  
Earthquake Early Warning System ◽  
The Impact

Abstract In May 1976, a devastating earthquake of magnitude Ms 6.5 occurred in Friuli, Italy, resulting in 976 deaths, 2000 injured, and 60,000 homeless. It is notable that, at the time of the earthquake, only one station was installed in the affected region. The resulting lack of information, combined with a dearth of mitigation planning for responding to such events, lead to a clear picture of the impact of the disaster being available only after a few days. This region is now covered by nearly 100 seismological and strong-motion stations operating in real time. Furthermore, 30 average-cost strong-motion stations have been recently added, with the goals of improving the density of real-time ground-motion observations and measuring the level of shaking recorded at selected buildings. The final goal is to allow rapid impact estimations to be made to improve the response of civil protection authorities. Today, considering the higher density seismological network, new efforts in terms of the implementation and testing of earthquake early warning systems as a possible tool for mitigating seismic risk are certainly worthwhile. In this article, we show the results obtained by analyzing in playback and using an algorithm for decentralized onsite earthquake early warning, broadband synthetic strong-motion data calculated at 18 of the stations installed in the region, while considering the magnitude and location of the 1976 Friuli earthquake. The analysis shows that the anisotropy of the lead times is related not only to the finite nature of the source but also to the slip distribution. A reduction of 10% of injured persons appears to be possible if appropriate mitigating actions are employed, such as the development of efficient automatic procedures that improve the safety of strategic industrial facilities.

scholarly journals Trans-national earthquake early warning (EEW) in north-eastern Italy, Slovenia and Austria: first experience with PRESTo at the CE<sup>3</sup>RN network

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 51-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Picozzi ◽  
L. Elia ◽  
D. Pesaresi ◽  
A. Zollo ◽  
M. Mucciarelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Early Warning System ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Strong Motion ◽  
Earthquake Early Warning ◽  
Research Network ◽  
Earthquake Early Warning System ◽  
Management Platform

Abstract. The region of central and eastern Europe is an area characterised by a relatively high seismic risk. Since 2001, to monitor the seismicity of this area, the OGS (Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e di Geofisica Sperimentale) in Italy, the Agencija Republike Slovenije za Okolje (ARSO) in Slovenia, the Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik (ZAMG) in Austria, and the Università di Trieste (UniTS) have cooperated in real-time seismological data exchange. In 2014 OGS, ARSO, ZAMG and UniTS created a cooperative network named the Central and Eastern European Earthquake Research Network (CE3RN), and teamed up with the University of Naples Federico II, Italy, to implement an earthquake early warning system based on the existing networks. Since May 2014, the earthquake early warning system (EEWS) given by the integration of the PRESTo (PRobability and Evolutionary early warning SysTem) alert management platform and the CE3RN accelerometric stations has been under real-time testing in order to assess the system's performance. This work presents a preliminary analysis of the EEWS performance carried out by playing back real strong motion recordings for the 1976 Friuli earthquake (MW= 6.5). Then, the results of the first 6 months of real-time testing of the EEWS are presented and discussed.

Earthquake Early Warning System Application for School Disaster Prevention

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 557-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masato Motosaka ◽  
◽  
Makoto Homma
Keyword(s):  
Junior High School ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Earthquake Early Warning ◽  
Disaster Prevention ◽  
Earthquake Early Warning System ◽  
Miyagi Prefecture ◽  
School Disaster

Earthquake early warning systems (EEWS) based on nationwide earthquake observation networks in Japan are applied to earthquake damage mitigation in many fields. The authors have developed a real-time earthquake information (RTEI) application for school disaster prevention. This paper describes, first an EEWS demonstration test at an elementary school in Sendai and extended demonstration tests for three other elementary schools and a junior high school. Then, the transmission of RTEI using an intranet connecting schools is described, together with demonstration test using the Schools in Wide Area Networks in Miyagi Prefecture (Miyagi-SWAN), Japan. These demonstration tests were conducted as part of a government project. This paper also addresses a questionnaire investigation on EEWS applications in schools which was also conducted in the project. The experience of a real earthquake, the June 14, 2008, Iwate-Miyagi Nairiku Earthquake (M7.2), is then described. Lessons learned from the demonstration tests in schools are summarized.

scholarly journals Design and implementation of a mobile device app for network-based earthquake early warning systems (EEWSs): application to the PRESTo EEWS in southern Italy

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 921-931
Author(s):  
Simona Colombelli ◽  
Francesco Carotenuto ◽  
Luca Elia ◽  
Aldo Zollo
Keyword(s):  
Early Warning ◽  
Early Warning System ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
Earthquake Early Warning ◽  
Wide Audience ◽  
Ground Shaking ◽  
Earthquake Early Warning System

Abstract. A fundamental feature of any earthquake early warning system is the ability of rapidly broadcast earthquake information to reach a wide audience of potential end users and stakeholders, in an intuitive, customizable way. Smartphones and other mobile devices are nowadays continuously connected to the Internet and represent the ideal tools for earthquake alerts dissemination to inform a large number of users about the potential damaging shaking of an impending earthquake. Here we present a mobile app (named ISNet EWApp or simply EWApp) for Android devices which can receive the alerts generated by a network-based Early Warning system. Specifically, the app receives the earthquake alerts generated by the PRESTo EEWS, which is currently running on the accelerometric stations of the Irpinia Seismic Network (ISNet) in southern Italy. In the absence of alerts, EWApp displays the standard bulletin of seismic events that have occurred within the network. In the event of a relevant earthquake, the app has a dedicated module to predict the expected ground-shaking intensity and the available lead time at the user's position and to provide customized messages to inform the user about the proper reaction to adopt during the alert. We first present the architecture of both the network-based system and EWApp and then describe its essential operational modes. The app is designed in a way that is easily exportable to any other network-based early warning system.

scholarly journals Design, Implementation and Testing of a Network-Based Earthquake Early Warning System in Greece

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bracale ◽  
S. Colombelli ◽  
L. Elia ◽  
V. Karakostas ◽  
A. Zollo
Keyword(s):  
Early Warning ◽  
Early Warning System ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Seismic Network ◽  
Earthquake Early Warning ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Ionian Islands ◽  
Earthquake Early Warning System ◽  
Real Earthquake

In this study we implemented and tested the Earthquake Early Warning system PRESTo (PRobabilistic and Evolutionary early warning System, Satriano et al., 2011) on the Greek Ionian islands of Lefkada, Zakynthos and Kefalonia. PRESTo is a free and open source platform for regional Earthquake Early Warning developed at the University of Naples Federico II, which is currently under experimentation in Southern Italy, in the area covered by the Irpinia Seismic Network. The three Ionian islands selected for this study are located on the North-Western part of the Hellenic trench. Here the seismicity rate and the seismic hazard, coupled with the vulnerability of existing critical infrastructures, make this region among the highest seismic risk areas in Europe, where the application of Earthquake Early Warning systems may become a useful strategy to mitigate the potential damage caused by earthquakes. Here we studied the feasibility of implementing an Earthquake Early Warning system on an existing seismic network, which was not specifically made for earthquake early warning purposes, and evaluated the performance of the system, using a data set of real-earthquake recordings. We first describe the technical details of the implementation of PRESTo in the area of interest, including the preliminary parameter configuration and the empirical scaling relationship calibration. Then we evaluated the performance of the system through the off-line analysis of a database of real earthquake records belonging to the most recent M &gt; 4.0 earthquakes occurred in the area. We evaluated the performance in terms of source parameter estimation (location, magnitude), accuracy of ground shaking prediction and lead-time analysis. Finally, we show the preliminary results of the real-time application of PRESTo, performed during the period 01–31 July 2019.

Rapid Estimation of the Epicentral Distance in the Earthquake Early Warning System around the Tehran Region, Iran

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahar Nazeri ◽  
Zaher Hossein Shomali
Keyword(s):  
Early Warning ◽  
Early Warning System ◽  
Epicentral Distance ◽  
Time Windows ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Earthquake Early Warning ◽  
Ground Shaking ◽  
Earthquake Early Warning System ◽  
Tehran Region

ABSTRACT The estimation of epicentral distance is a critical step in earthquake early warning systems (EEWSs) that is necessary to characterize the level of expected ground shaking. In this study, two rapid methodologies, that is, B‐Δ and C‐Δ, are evaluated to estimate the epicentral distance for use in the EEWSs around the Tehran region. Traditionally, the B and C coefficients are computed using acceleration records, however, in this study, we utilize both acceleration and velocity waveforms for obtaining a suitable B‐Δ and C‐Δ relationships for the Tehran region. In comparison with observations from Japan, our measurements fall within the range of scatter. However, our results show a lower trend, which can strongly depend on the few numbers of events and range of magnitude (small‐to‐moderate) of earthquakes used in the current research. To improve our result, we include some large earthquakes from Iran, Italy, and Japan with magnitude larger than 5.9. Although the optimal trend is finally obtained by fitting a line to the distance‐averaged points, we conclude that the same trend and relationship as Japan can be used in Tehran early warning system. We also found that B and C parameters are strongly compatible to each other. As time windows of 3.0 and 0.5 s after the P onset are chosen respectively to compute the B and C values, so by selecting the C parameter as a proxy of B parameter to estimate the epicentral distance, we may save significant time in order of about 2.5 s in any earthquake early warning applications.

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