scholarly journals CONTROLLED TESTING OF BELT TRANSMISSIONS AT DIFFERENT LOADS

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (6) ◽  
pp. 5497-5501
Author(s):  
JOZEF MASCENIK ◽  
◽  
SLAVKO PAVLENKO ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Motor ◽  
Analytical Calculation ◽  
Limit States ◽  
Belt Drives ◽  
Extreme Loads ◽  
Extreme Load ◽  
Monitoring And Diagnostics ◽  
Moment Set ◽  
Frequency Inverter

The presented paper provides the alternative options for determining the condition of belt gear based on the testing and monitoring. In order to carry out experimental measurements, a newly developed device for testing, monitoring and diagnostics of belt drives was designed, as well as the possibility of determination of limit states by extreme loads. The designed measuring stand allows to determine the point of destruction of the belt for an extreme load. The process of the belt measurement was to set the predetermined input revolutions of the driving motor by means of the Altivar 71 (FM1) frequency inverter connected to the driving electric motor. The next step in defining the input parameters was to set the load on the driven electric motor. The load on the driven motor was achieved by the torsional moment set by means of the Altivar 71 (FM2) frequency inverter connected to the driven electric motor. In the paper, the analytical calculation is processed. The article mainly points to the innovation of the stand for testing belt transmissions.

scholarly journals Experimental Determination of the Belt Transmission Slip

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 205-210
Author(s):  
Jozef Mascenik ◽  
Zuzana Murcinkova
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Calculation ◽  
Belt Drive ◽  
Torsional Moment ◽  
Limit States ◽  
Belt Drives ◽  
Extreme Loads ◽  
Extreme Load ◽  
Monitoring And Diagnostics ◽  
Belt Transmission

AbstractThe presented paper provides the alternative options for determining the condition of belt gear based on the testing and monitoring. In order to carry out experimental measurements, a newly developed device for testing, monitoring and diagnostics of belt drives was designed, as well as the possibility of determination of limit states by extreme loads. The designed measuring stand allows to determine the point of destruction of the belt for an extreme load. The main objective of the experimental measurement was to determine the slip of the wedge-shaped belt. The slip was evaluated by the coefficient of belt creeping and the specific belt slip by means of the measuring stand. The measurements on the proposed device can be made when the input speed from the electric motor and the transmitted torque of the belt gear are constant while the tensioning force of the belt drive is changing or the measurements can be made when the tensioning force and input speed of the belt drive are constant and the torsional moment changes. The monitoring of specified parameters for determining the belt gear slip is made by means of sensors located at predetermined locations from which data is processed by a PC. In the paper, the analytical calculation is processed, from which the values are compared with the values measured on the proposed device.

scholarly journals SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR WITH INCREASED ROTOR SPEED

2020 ◽  
pp. 125-131
Author(s):  
Aleksei A. Petrov ◽  
Aleksei V. Makarov ◽  
Valeriy G. Makarov ◽  
Nikita Yu. Grigoriev
Keyword(s):  
Electric Motor ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Analytical Calculation ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Output Shaft ◽  
Stator Windings ◽  
Axis Of Rotation ◽  
Voltage Wave ◽  
Rotor Axis

Development of the design of a synchronous electric motor with six C-shaped stator teeth, the rotor axis of rotation of which is displaced relative to the axis of rotation of the output shaft. The rotational speed of the output shaft is equal to twice the rotational speed of the stator magnetic flux. Determination of the phase shifts of the supply voltages in time and the spatial position of the stator windings. Visualization of the principle of operation of the electric motor under consideration, namely, step-by-step observation of the position of the rotor in space, when the sinusoidal voltage wave changes by an angle equal to π, with a step of π/6. Mathematical description of the engine under consideration, with all the structural features of the stator-rotor magnetic circuit. In the course of the work, analytical calculation methods were applied. As a result of the study, the basic laws of operation were determined, as well as the design and principle of operation of the considered electric motor with a suspended rotation speed.

Steady State Detection in Industrial Gas Turbines for Condition Monitoring and Diagnostics Applications

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar Celis ◽  
Érica Xavier ◽  
Tairo Teixeira ◽  
Gustavo R. S. Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Condition Monitoring ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Signal Analysis ◽  
Operating Regime ◽  
State Detection ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines ◽  
Monitoring And Diagnostics ◽  
Operating Regimes

This work describes the development and implementation of a signal analysis module which allows the reliable detection of operating regimes in industrial gas turbines. Its use is intended for steady state-based condition monitoring and diagnostics systems. This type of systems requires the determination of the operating regime of the equipment, in this particular case, of the industrial gas turbine. After a brief introduction the context in which the signal analysis module is developed is highlighted. Next the state of the art of the different methodologies used for steady state detection in equipment is summarized. A detailed description of the signal analysis module developed, including its different sub systems and the main hypotheses considered during its development, is shown to follow. Finally the main results obtained through the use of the module developed are presented and discussed. The results obtained emphasize the adequacy of this type of procedures for the determination of operating regimes in industrial gas turbines.

Influence of Human Error on Structural Reliability

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Brehm ◽  
Robert Hertle ◽  
Markus Wetzel
Keyword(s):  
Human Error ◽  
Structural Reliability ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Limit State ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Material Strength ◽  
Limit States ◽  
The Impact

In common structural design, random variables, such as material strength or loads, are represented by fixed numbers defined in design codes. This is also referred to as deterministic design. Addressing the random character of these variables directly, the probabilistic design procedure allows the determination of the probability of exceeding a defined limit state. This probability is referred to as failure probability. From there, the structural reliability, representing the survival probability, can be determined. Structural reliability thus is a property of a structure or structural member, depending on the relevant limit states, failure modes and basic variables. This is the basis for the determination of partial safety factors which are, for sake of a simpler design, applied within deterministic design procedures. In addition to the basic variables in terms of material and loads, further basic variables representing the structural model have to be considered. These depend strongly on the experience of the design engineer and the level of detailing of the model. However, in the clear majority of cases [1] failure does not occur due to unexpectedly high or low values of loads or material strength. The most common reasons for failure are human errors in design and execution. This paper will provide practical examples of original designs affected by human error and will assess the impact on structural reliability.

STABILITY PROBLEMS OF STEEL‐CONCRETE MEMBERS COMPOSED OF HIGH‐STRENGTH MATERIALS

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 352-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zdeněk Kala ◽  
Libor Puklický ◽  
Abayomi Omishore ◽  
Marcela Karmazínová ◽  
Jindřich Melcher
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Statistical Characteristics ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
Limit States ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Geometrical Imperfections

The presented paper deals with the stochastic analysis of the ultimate limit states of steel‐concrete building members. The load carrying capacity of steel‐concrete columns, comprising of steel profiles encased in high strength concrete, in compression is analyzed. The first part of the paper lists assumptions for the determination of the theoretical load carrying capacity of the column. Principles of elasticity and plasticity are used to determine stresses in the concrete and steel sections. Statistical characteristics of input material and geometrical imperfections are listed. Results of the theoretical analysis are then compared with results of experimental research. Statistical characteristics of obtained results of the theoretical analysis were verified using statistical characteristics obtained from experimental research. Numerical simulation LHS and Monte Carlo methods, which take into account the influences of variability of input imperfections, were employed. The influence of the utilization of the plastic reserve in the determination of the load carrying capacity of the analysed strut is shown. The influence of the initial geometric imperfections of initial strut curvature on the load carrying capacity is also presented. Santrauka Straipsnyje pateikta plienbetonio pastatu elementu didžiausiu ribiniu būkliu stochastine analize, analizuojama plienbetonio kolonu, sudarytu iš plieniniu profiliuočiu, padengtu didelio stiprio betonu, laikomoji galia gniuždant. Pirmoje straipsnio dalyje išvardytos kolonos teorines laikomosios galios nustatymo prielaidos. Tamprumo ir plastiškumo principai taikyti itempiams betono ir plieno skerspjūviuose nustatyti. Nustatytos medžiagu ir geometriniu defektu statistines charakteristikos, teorines analizes rezultatai palyginti su eksperimentiniu tyrimu rezultatais. Teorines analizes metu gautu rezultatu statistines charakteristikos patikrintos taikant iš eksperimentiniu tyrimu gautus statistinius rodiklius. Pritaikytas skaitinis modeliavimas LHS ir Monte Karlo metodais, kurie ivertina pradiniu defektu kintamumo itaka. Parodyta plastiškumo atsargos naudojimo itaka, nustatant analizuojamojo statramsčio laikomaja galia, pateikta pradinio statramsčio išlinkio pirminiu geometriniu defektu itaka laikomajai galiai.

New Bolted End-Plate Connection Design

2014 ◽  
Vol 1025-1026 ◽  
pp. 878-884
Author(s):  
Jong Wan Hu ◽  
Jun Hyuk Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Design Procedure ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Limit States ◽  
Moment Connections ◽  
End Plate ◽  
Plastic Strength ◽  
Plate Connections ◽  
Plate Connection ◽  
Connection Design

This paper is principally performed to survey end-plate connection are described in the next part based on ideal limit states. The determination of end-plate based on the full plastic strength of the steel beam in accordance with 2001 AISC-LRFD manual and AISC/ANSI 358-05 Specifications. The bolted connections considered herein were performed to include the end-plate component of moment connections. This study is intended to investigate economic design for end-plate connections. In addition, the proposed end-plate model is evaluated by comparing the required factored bolt strength. The end-plates using 8 high strength bolts with wider gages demonstrated this design. The equations belonging to the step-by-step design procedure are described based on complete proving of design. Finally, new design methodology is applied to end-plate connections suggested in this study.

Submerged Towing Performed by a Monohull Vessel

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tore Jacobsen ◽  
Bernt Leira
Keyword(s):  
Time Integration ◽  
Hydrodynamic Properties ◽  
Limit States ◽  
Drag Forces ◽  
Analysis Methodology ◽  
Marine Structure ◽  
Dynamic Forces ◽  
Analytical Formulas ◽  
Measured Response

During a submerged towing operation of a subsea module, the vessel motions combined with the hydrodynamic properties of the considered module will induce drag forces and dynamic loads on the towing configuration. These loads are important when evaluating different submerged towing concepts and will have implications for structural design with respect to the relevant limit states. However, since it is difficult to quantify the hydrodynamic properties of the towed module, model tests are useful for verifying coefficients which are further used in dynamic analyses of the towing configuration. The objective of this paper is to present an analysis methodology for determination of dynamic forces and hydrodynamic properties of a marine structure during a submerged towing operation. Emphasis is made on a simple analytical model of the dynamic forces based on DNV-RP-H103, and a detailed multibody time integration by means of the MARINTEK computer program SIMO (Simulation of complex marine operations). In order to model the submerged towing operation in SIMO, hydrodynamic properties of the considered towed structure are determined based on analytical formulas presented in DNV-RP-H103. The results from the SIMO model are in addition compared with measured response obtained from an experimental investigation. In general it is found that there is good agreement between experimental and calculated values when the hydrodynamic properties of the components have been identified.

Predicting the Long Term Distribution of Extreme Loads From Limited Duration Data: Comparing Full Integration and Approximate Methods

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
LeRoy M. Fitzwater ◽  
Steven R. Winterstein ◽  
C. Allin Cornell
Keyword(s):  
Load Distribution ◽  
Robust Methods ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Approximate Methods ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Extreme Loads ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Extreme Load ◽  
Limited Duration

In this paper we present a methodology for proceeding from the short-term observations of extreme loads to the long-run load distribution of these extreme events, for both flap and edge loading in both operating and parked wind turbine conditions. First a general approach utilizing full integration, where numerical routines are used to directly integrate the conditional short-term load distribution over the annual occurrence of wind speeds and turbulence intensities, is presented. Then starting from this general approach, a qualitative analysis is undertaken to explore the extent of the contribution of each of the three variables, in the governing equation, to the variability in the long-term extreme load distribution. From this analysis, lower order models are considered, where instead of using the entire distribution of the variables, a constant fractile of the short-term extreme load distribution, turbulence intensity distribution, or both are used. Finally recommendations are given to guide the analyst to decide when simpler, yet robust, methods which account for sufficient variability in extreme load event may be employed with confidence.

Long-Term Extreme Load Prediction of Spar and Semisubmersible Floating Wind Turbines Using the Environmental Contour Method

2016 ◽  
Vol 138 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Karmakar ◽  
Hasan Bagbanci ◽  
C. Guedes Soares
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Contour Method ◽  
Return Periods ◽  
Extreme Loads ◽  
Floating Wind Turbine ◽  
Extreme Load ◽  
Design Loads ◽  
Offshore Floating Wind Turbine

The prediction of extreme loads for the offshore floating wind turbine is analyzed based on the inverse reliability technique. The inverse reliability approach is in general used to establish the design levels associated with the specified probability of failure. The present study is performed using the environmental contour (EC) method to estimate the long-term joint probability distribution of extreme loads for different types of offshore floating wind turbines. The analysis is carried out in order to predict the out-of-plane bending moment (OoPBM) loads at the blade root and tower base moment (TBM) loads for a 5 MW offshore floating wind turbine of different floater configuration. The spar-type and semisubmersible type offshore floating wind turbines are considered for the analysis. The FAST code is used to simulate the wind conditions for various return periods and the design loads of various floating wind turbine configurations. The extreme and operation situation of the spar-type and semisubmersible type offshore floating wind turbine are analyzed using one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D)-EC methods for different return periods. The study is useful to predict long-term design loads for offshore wind turbines without requiring excessive computational effort.

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