SUSTAINABLE MAIZE (Zea mays L.) PRODUCTION UNDER DROUGHT STRESS BY UNDERSTANDING ITS ADVERSE EFFECT, SURVIVAL MECHANISM AND DROUGHT TOLERANCE INDICES

In order to study the effect of drought stress on eight cultivars corn (Zea mays L.), an experiment was conducted in a factorial experimental on the basis of randomized complete block design under two irrigated conditions during 2010-2011 cropping season. Twelve drought tolerance/resistance indices including stress tolerance index (STI), stress susceptibility index (SSI), tolerance index (TOL), geometric mean production (GMP), mean production (MP), yield index (YI), yield stability index (YSI), drought resistance index (DI), relative drought index (RDI), stress susceptibility percentage index (SSPI) and modified stress tolerance (K1STI and K2STI) were calculated based on grain yield under drought and irrigated conditions. Yield in stress and non-stress conditions were significantly and positively correlated with STI, GMP, MP, YI, TOL, DI, RDI, YSI, SSPI, K1STI, and K2STI and negatively correlated with SSI. Yield in stress and non-stress conditions were significantly and positively correlated with STI, GMP, MP, YI, TOL, DI, RDI, YSI, SSPI, K1STI, and K2STI and negatively correlated with SSI. Screening drought tolerant cultivars using ranking method, three dimensional plots discriminated cultivars ‘KSC720’, KSC 710GT and ‘KSC 700’ as the most drought tolerant. Cluster analysis classified the cultivars into three groups i.e., tolerant, susceptible and semi-susceptible to drought conditions. In general, Results of this study showed that among drought tolerance indices STI, YI, SSPI, K1STI, and K2STI can be used as the most suitable indicators for screening drought tolerant cultivars and ‘KSC720’, KSC 710 GT and ‘KSC 700’ had the highest tolerance to drought in our studies condition.

Download Full-text

Discrimination of drought tolerance in a worldwide collection of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) genotypes based on selection indices

Acta agriculturae Slovenica ◽

10.14720/aas.2021.117.1.1656 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 117 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Pooran GOLKAR ◽

Esmaeil HAMZEH ◽

Seyed Ali Mohammad MIRMOHAMMADY MAIBODY

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Drought Tolerance ◽

Geometric Mean ◽

Resistance Index ◽

Stability Index ◽

Carthamus Tinctorius ◽

Tolerance Index ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Drought Tolerance Indices ◽

Tolerance Indices

Improvement of elite safflower genotypes for drought-tolerance is hampered by a deficiency of effective selection criteria. The present study evaluated 100 genotypes of safflower in terms of their drought tolerance over a period of three years (2016–2018) under both non-stress and drought-stress conditions. The eight drought-tolerance indices of tolerance index (TOL), mean productivity (MP), geometric mean productivity (GMP), stress susceptibility index (SSI), stress tolerance index (STI), yield stability index (YSI), drought resistance index (DI), and harmonic mean (HARM) were calculated based on seed yield under drought (Ys) and non-drought (Yp) conditions. A high genetic variation was found in drought tolerance among the genotypes studied. The MP, GMP, and STI indices were able to discriminate between tolerant and drought-sensitive genotypes. Plots of the first and second principal components identified drought-tolerant genotypes averaged over the three study years. Cluster analysis divided the genotypes into three distinct groups using the drought tolerance indices. Ultimately, eight genotypes (namely, G3, G11, G13, G24, G33, G47, G58, and G61) from different origins were detected as more tolerant to drought stress suitable for use in safflower breeding programs in drought-affected areas. The most tolerant and susceptible genotypes could be exploited to produce mapping populations for drought tolerance breeding programs in safflower.

Download Full-text

A Comparative Study for Assessing the Drought-Tolerance of Chickpea Under Varying Natural Growth Environments

Frontiers in Plant Science ◽

10.3389/fpls.2020.607869 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Anjuman Arif ◽

Najma Parveen ◽

Muhammad Qandeel Waheed ◽

Rana Muhammad Atif ◽

Irem Waqar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Drought Tolerance ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Linear Models ◽

Field Conditions ◽

Sufficient Evidence ◽

Breeding Lines ◽

Drought Tolerance Indices ◽

Tolerance Indices ◽

Main Effects

This study was planned with the purpose of evaluating the drought tolerance of advanced breeding lines of chickpea in natural field conditions. Two methods were employed to impose field conditions; the first: simulating drought stress by growing chickpea genotypes at five rainfed areas, with Faisalabad as the non-stressed control environment; and the second: planting chickpea genotypes in spring to simulate a drought stress environment, with winter-sowing serving as the non-stressed environment. Additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) and generalized linear models (GLM) models were both found to be equally effective in extracting main effects in the rainfed experiment. Results demonstrated that environment influenced seed yield, number of primary and secondary branches, number of pods, and number of seeds most predominantly; however, genotype was the main source of variation in 100 seed weight and plant height. The GGE biplot showed that Faisalabad, Kallur Kot, and Bhakkar were contributing the most in the GEI, respectively, while Bahawalpur, Bhawana, and Karor were relatively stable environments, respectively. Faisalabad was the most, and Bhakkar the least productive in terms of seed yield. The best genotypes to grow in non-stressed environments were CH39/08, CH40/09, and CH15/11, whereas CH28/07 and CH39/08 were found suitable for both conditions. CH55/09 displayed the best performance in stress conditions only. The AMMI stability and drought-tolerance indices enabled us to select genotypes with differential performance in both conditions. It is therefore concluded that the spring-sown experiment revealed a high-grade drought stress imposition on plants, and that the genotypes selected by both methods shared quite similar rankings, and also that manually computed drought-tolerance indices are also comparable for usage for better genotypic selections. This study could provide sufficient evidence for using the aforementioned as drought-tolerance evaluation methods, especially for countries and research organizations who have limited resources and funding for conducting multilocation trials, and performing sophisticated analyses on expensive software.

Download Full-text

Response of Rainfed Wheat Genotypes to Drought Stress Using Drought Tolerance Indices

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v4n7p126 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 4 (7) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Reza Drikvand ◽

Behrooz Doosty ◽

Tahmaseb Hosseinpour

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Drought Tolerance ◽

Wheat Genotypes ◽

Rainfed Wheat ◽

Drought Tolerance Indices ◽

Tolerance Indices

Download Full-text

Response of upland cotton (G.hirsutum L.) genotypes to drought stress using drought tolerance indices

Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology ◽

10.1007/s12892-015-0073-1 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 53-59 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Chandrakant Singh ◽

Vijay Kumar ◽

Indivar Prasad ◽

Vishal R. Patil ◽

B. K. Rajkumar

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Drought Tolerance ◽

Upland Cotton ◽

Drought Tolerance Indices ◽

Tolerance Indices

Download Full-text

Evaluation of Barley Genotypes (Hordeum vulgar l.) by drought tolerance indices and Multivariate analysis

Journal of Bio-Science ◽

10.3329/jbs.v21i0.22525 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 21 ◽

pp. 109-122 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Soran Sharafi ◽

Kazem Ghassemi Golezani ◽

Soleyman Mohammadi ◽

Shahram Lak ◽

Behzad Sorkhy

Keyword(s):

Cluster Analysis ◽

Drought Stress ◽

Drought Tolerance ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Components Analysis ◽

Drought Tolerance Indices ◽

Tolerance Indices ◽

Barley Genotypes

Context: Evaluation of tolerance of different barley genotypes to drought stress, an experiment carried out in randomized block design (RCBD) with three replication during 2009-2010 growing seasons and 20 barley genotypes were studied in normal and water deficit in post anthesis stage conditions at the Saatloo Research Farm Azerbaiejan, Iran. Results: The result of variance analysis showed that there were highly significant differences between genotypes in all of the studied traits, also it was cleared that all of traits except spike length reduced in water deficit condition as compared to normal condition and seed yield, biomass and 1000 seed weight traits had the most reduction (31, 25 and 20 percent, respectively). To identify of tolerance barley genotypes to drought stress, drought tolerance indices (STI, TOL, SSI, MP, HM and GMP), correlation coefficients, principal components analysis and cluster analysis were used. The result of correlation coefficients indicated that there were significant and positive correlation between seed yield in normal and stress conditions and drought tolerance indices. Also the result of principal components analysis showed that two components justified 99% of total variations. MP, GMP, STI and HM indices and TOL and SSI indices had the most coefficients in the first and second component, respectively, so are named tolerance and sensitivity component, respectively. Conclusion: MP, HM, STI and GMP indices were appropriate indices to select of drought tolerance barley genotypes. On the other hand, the result of cluster analysis showed that 13, 14 and 7 genotypes and 18, 1 and 2 genotypes were tolerance and sensitivity genotypes to water deficit at post anthesis stage. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbs.v21i0.22525 J. bio-sci. 21: 109-122, 2013

Download Full-text

Screening of Key Drought Tolerance Indices for Cotton at the Flowering and Boll Setting Stage Using the Dimension Reduction Method

Frontiers in Plant Science ◽

10.3389/fpls.2021.619926 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

FengLei Sun ◽

Qin Chen ◽

QuanJia Chen ◽

Menghui Jiang ◽

Wenwei Gao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Regression Analysis ◽

Drought Stress ◽

Drought Tolerance ◽

Principal Component ◽

Yield Potential ◽

Cotton Production ◽

Branch Number ◽

Total Variability ◽

Drought Tolerance Indices ◽

Tolerance Indices

Drought is one of the main abiotic stresses that seriously influences cotton production. Many indicators can be used to evaluate cotton drought tolerance, but the key indicators remain to be determined. The objective of this study was to identify effective cotton drought tolerance indicators from 19 indices, including morphology, photosynthesis, physiology, and yield-related indices, and to evaluate the yield potential of 104 cotton varieties under both normal and drought-stress field conditions. Combined with principal component analysis (PCA) and a regression analysis method, the results showed that the top five PCs among the 19, with eigenvalues > 1, contributed 65.52, 63.59, and 65.90% of the total variability during 2016 to 2018, respectively, which included plant height (PH), effective fruit branch number (EFBN), single boll weight (SBW), transpiration rate (Tr) and chlorophyll (Chl). Therefore, the indicator dimension decreased from 19 to 5. A comparison of the 19 indicators with the 5 identified indicators through PCA and a combined regression analysis found that the results of the final cluster of drought tolerance on 104 cotton varieties were basically consistent. The results indicated that these five traits could be used in combination to screen cotton varieties or lines for drought tolerance in cotton breeding programs, and Zhong R2016 and Xin lu zao 45 exhibited high drought tolerance and can be selected as superior parents for good yield performance under drought stress.

Download Full-text

Physiological Screening for Drought Tolerance Traits in Vegetable Amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor) Germplasm

Agriculture ◽

10.3390/agriculture11100994 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 994

Author(s):

Norain Jamalluddin ◽

Festo J. Massawe ◽

Sean Mayes ◽

Wai Kuan Ho ◽

Ajit Singh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Drought Tolerance ◽

Geometric Mean ◽

Tolerance Index ◽

Genotypic Differences ◽

Amaranthus Tricolor ◽

Drought Tolerant ◽

Drought Tolerance Indices ◽

Tolerance Indices ◽

Screening Trials

Amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor), an underutilized climate smart crop, is highly nutritious and possesses diverse drought tolerance traits, making it an ideal crop to thrive in a rapidly changing climate. Despite considerable studies on the growth and physiology of plants subjected to drought stress, a precise trait phenotyping strategy for drought tolerance in vegetable amaranth is still not well documented. In this study, two drought screening trials were carried out on 44 A. tricolor accessions in order to identify potential drought-tolerant A. tricolor germplasm and to discern their physiological responses to drought stress. The findings revealed that a change in stem biomass was most likely the main mechanism of drought adaptation for stress recovery, and dark-adapted quantum yield (Fv/Fm) could be a useful parameter for identifying drought tolerance in amaranth. Three drought tolerance indices: geometric mean productivity (GMP), mean productivity (MP) and stress tolerance index (STI) identified eight drought-tolerant accessions with stable performance across the two screening trials. The highly significant genotypic differences observed in several physiological traits among the amaranth accessions indicate that the amaranth panel used in this study could be a rich source of genetic diversity for breeding purposes for drought tolerance traits.

Download Full-text

Water deficit stress tolerance assessment in barley cultivars using drought tolerance indices

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1088066/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Md Habib ◽

Md Mannan ◽

Md Karim ◽

Md Miah ◽

Hari Singh

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Drought Tolerance ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Stress Tolerance ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Geometric Mean ◽

Research Work ◽

Tolerance Index ◽

Drought Tolerance Indices ◽

Tolerance Indices

Abstract Crop productivity is greatly affected by drought stress. Understanding the drought tolerance capability of the crop varieties available in a country is the foremost consideration for drought adaptation. The objective of this research work was to examine the drought tolerance potentiality of 5 cultivated barley varieties (BARI Barley5, BARI Barley6, BARI Barley7, BARI Barley8 and BARI Barley9) through calculating drought tolerance indices. A completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications was followed in the experiment, where crops were grown under control (80% of FC) and water deficit environment (50% of FC). Stress Tolerance (TOL), Mean Productivity (MP), Geometric Mean Productivity (GMP), Stress Susceptibility Index (SSI), Stress Tolerance Index (STI), Harmonic Mean (HAM), Yield Index (YI) and Yield Stability Index (YSI) were calculated based on grain yield under control and drought conditions. BARI Barley7 and BARI Barley8 were the most tolerant variety and BARI Barley9 considered as susceptible based on TOL and SSI. Drought tolerance indices like MP, HAM, GMP, TOL as well as STI were showed a high correlation with grain yield under both conditions and were recognized as appropriate indices to identify varieties with high grain yield and low sensitivity to drought stress.

Download Full-text