scholarly journals Impacts of Phosphorus as Soil Application on Growth, Yield and some Chemical Constitutes of Common Bean Plants Grown under Saline Soil Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 24-36
Author(s):  
Mohamed A. Seif El-Yazal ◽  
Ahmed A. El-Shewy ◽  
Kariman E.S. Abdelaal ◽  
Mostafa M. Rady
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Saline Soil ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
The Impact

This study aimed to assess the impact of calcium superphosphate (P; 0, 100, and 200 kg per feddan) as soil amendments, in addition to the recommended P, on the growth traits, green and dry yields characteristics, leaf photosynthetic pigments, chlorophyll fluorescence, and leaf contents of nutrients of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L., cv. “Bronco”) plants grown under saline soil conditions. Two field trials were conducted at the Experimental Farm of Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University during the 2016 and 2017 summer seasons. The obtained results showed that, Na+ content was significantly declined, while the all other tested parameters such as growth characteristics (i.e., shoot length, number of leaves per plant, area of leaves per plant, and shoot fresh and dry weights), yield characteristics of green pods and dry seeds (i.e., average pod weight, number of pods per plant, pods weight per plant, dry seed weight per plant and 100-seed weight), leaf photosynthetic pigments (i.e., total chlorophylls, total carotenoids) contents and leaf chlorophyll fluorescence (i.e., Fv/Fm and PI), leaf contents of N, P, K+, and Ca2+, and the ratios of K+/Na+, Ca2+/Na+ and K++Ca2+/Na+ were significantly increased by the two tested P treatments compared to the controls (without more P than the recommended). The all tested treatments conferred, approximately, the same results. Therefore, results of this study recommend using P at 100 kg per feddan above the recommended dose to optimize the common bean performance in saline soils.

scholarly journals Response of Salt-Stressed Common Bean Plant Performances to Foliar Application of Phosphorus (MAP)

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 7-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafa M. Rady ◽  
Ahmed A. El-Shewy ◽  
Mohamed A. Seif El-Yazal ◽  
Kareman E.S. Abdelaal
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Antioxidant Defense Systems

The study objective is to evaluate the effect of mono-ammonuim phosphate (MAP; 0, 10, and 20 mM) applied as foliar application on the growth traits, green and dry yields characteristics, leaf photosynthetic pigments, chlorophyll fluorescence, and leaf contents of nutrients of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L., cv. “Bronco”) plants grown under saline soil conditions. To perform this objective, two field trials were conducted at the Experimental Farm of Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University during the 2016 and 2017 summer seasons. The obtained results showed that, Na+ content was significantly declined, while the all other tested parameters such as growth characteristics (i.e., shoot length, number of leaves per plant, area of leaves per plant, and shoot fresh and dry weights), yield characteristics of green pods and dry seeds (i.e., average pod weight, number of pods per plant, pods weight per plant, dry seed weight per plant and 100-seed weight), leaf photosynthetic pigments (i.e., total chlorophylls, total carotenoids) contents and leaf chlorophyll fluorescence (i.e., Fv/Fm and PI), leaf contents of N, P, K+, and Ca2+, and the ratios of K+/Na+, Ca2+/Na+ and K++Ca2+/Na+ were significantly increased by the two levels (i.e., 10 and 20 mM) of MAP compared to the controls (without MAP). The two MAP levels conferred the same results for most of the all tested parameters; particularly growth and yields characteristics, with some exceptions. Therefore, results of this study recommend using 10 mM MAP as foliar application to optimize the common bean performances in saline soils. Keywords: Common beans, Salinity, Phosphorus, Plant performance, Antioxidant defense systems, Photosynthesis, Water relations.

scholarly journals Effect of glutathione and/or selenium levels on growth, yield, and some biochemical constituents of some wheat cultivars grown under sandy soil conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona G. Dawood ◽  
Mervat Sh. Sadak ◽  
Bakry A. Bakry ◽  
Howida H. Kheder
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Individual Treatment ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Selenium Treatment

Abstract Background Two field experiments were carried out at the Agricultural Production and Research Station, National Research Centre (NRC), El-Nubaria Province, Behaira Governorate, Egypt, during two successive winter seasons to study the effect of glutathione (100, 200, and 300 mg/l) and/or selenium (5 and 10 mg/l) on growth, yield, and yield components of three wheat cultivars (Egypt-2; Shandaweel-1; Gemmeiza-11). Results The results indicate that the Gemmeiza-11 cultivar was the most adapted cultivar to grow in the Nubaria region. Individually, glutathione at 300 mg/l or selenium at 10 mg/l caused the highest significant increases in shoot dry weight/plant of three wheat cultivars relative to other levels. Likewise, glutathione treatment at 300 mg/l was the optimum treatment in increasing photosynthetic pigments in three wheat cultivars. Selenium treatment at 10 mg/l was better than selenium treatment at 5 mg/l. Interaction between glutathione at 300 mg/l and selenium at 10 mg/l caused the highest significance increases in total photosynthetic pigments. It is obvious that glutathione at 300 mg/l or selenium at 10 mg/l as individual treatment showed the highest significant increase in grain yield (ton/fed). Conclusion Glutathione treatments at 200 or 300 mg/l interacted with selenium treatment at 10 mg/l showed the highest significant increases in grain yield and its components as compared with other treatments in three wheat cultivars. Moreover, It is noted that the highest increases in IAA and phenolic content in the leaves as well as the content of carbohydrate, flavonoid, and phenolic in the yielded grains appeared by the interaction between glutathione at 300 mg/l and selenium at 10 mg/l in the three wheat cultivars under investigation.

scholarly journals Impact of Propolis Extract as Foliar Spray On Growth, Yield and Some Chemical Composition of Spinach (Spinacia Oleracea L.) Plants Grown Under Calcareous Saline Soil

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed A. Seif El-Yazal
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Saline Soil ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Propolis Extract ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea L

This experiment was suggested to study the beneficial effects of foliar application with propolis extract at the rates 0, 6000, 7000, 8000 and 9000 mg/L solution used as foliar application to spinach seedlings on growth, yield and some chemical constituents of spinach plants (Spinacia oleracea L.) grown under calcareous saline soil conditions. All experiments were achieved during the two successive seasons of 2016 and 2017. Results showed that increasing the rates of propolis extract as foliar application increased the growth parameters of the treated plants. The best result was obtained by the rate (8000 mg/L) as a foliar application in both seasons of the study. The same trend was also observed regarding all studied chemical constituents, i.e. chlorophyll a, b and total carotenoids concentration, anthocyanine, total carbohydrates, total and reducing sugars, total free amino acid, free proline, crude protein, total indoles, total phenols, N, P and K in leaves. Thus, the coincident application of propolis extract at (8000 mg/L) as foliar application ingredient is recommended for improving growth, yield and chemical composition of spinach plants and for overcoming the adverse effect of saline conditions.

scholarly journals Presoaking Treatment of Propolis Aqueous Extract Alleviates Salinity Stress in Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) Plants Grown under Calcareous Saline Soil Conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 ◽  
pp. 23-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed A. Seif El-Yazal
Keyword(s):  
Free Amino ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea ◽  
Saline Soil ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Total Free Amino Acid ◽  
Total Phenols ◽  
Propolis Extract ◽  
Seed Soaking

Two pot experiments were conducted during the two successive seasons of 2014 and 2015 to study the effect of propolis extract at the rates 0, 6000, 7000, 8000 and 9000 ppm solution used as seed soaking to spinach seedlings on growth, yield and some chemical constituents of spinach plants (Spinacia oleracea L.) grown under saline soil conditions. The obtained results indicated that increasing the rates of propolis extract as seed soaking application increased the growth parameters of the treated plants. The best result was obtained by the middle rate (7000ppm) as seed soaking in both seasons of the study. The same trend was also observed regarding all studied chemical constituents, i.e. chlorophyll a, b and total caroteniods concentration, anthocyanine, total carbohydrates, total and reducing sugars, total free amino acid, free proline, crude protein, total indoles, total phenols, N, P and K in leaves. Moreover, soaking seeds in propolis extract before planting improved the metabolic activity of seeds through the increase in seed values from total and reducing sugar, total free amino acid, total indoles and total phenols as well as the lowest values from , total carbohydrate. Thus, the coincident application of propolis extract at (7000ppm) as seed soaking is recommended for improving growth, yield and chemical composition of spinach plants and to overcome the adverse effect of salinity conditions.

The methodological approach for the determination of the pressure of artificial raindrops as a question of the theory of splash soil erosion

2020 ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
Mihail Zver'kov
Keyword(s):  
Block Diagram ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Effective Pressure ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Splash Erosion ◽  
Rain Drops ◽  
Artificial Rain ◽  
The Impact

To the article the results of the theoretical and experimental researches are given on questions of estimates of the dynamic rate effect of raindrop impact on soil. The aim of this work was to analyze the current methods to determine the rate of artificial rain pressure on the soil for the assessment of splash erosion. There are the developed author’s method for calculation the pressure of artificial rain on the soil and the assessment of splash erosion. The study aims to the justification of evaluation methods and the obtaining of quantitative characteristics, prevention and elimination of accelerated (anthropogenic) erosion, the creation and the realization of the required erosion control measures. The paper considers the question of determining the pressure of artificial rain on the soil. At the moment of raindrops impact, there is the tension in the soil, which is called vertical effective pressure. It is noted that the impact of rain drops in the soil there are stresses called vertical effective pressure. The equation for calculation of vertical effective pressure is proposed in this study using the known spectrum of raindrops. Effective pressure was 1.4 Pa for the artificial rain by sprinkler machine «Fregat» and 5.9 Pa for long distance sprinkler DD-30. The article deals with a block diagram of the sequence for determining the effective pressure of rain drops on the soil. This diagram was created by the author’s method of calculation of the effective pressure of rain drops on the soil. The need for an integrated approach to the description of the artificial rain impact on the soil is noted. Various parameters characterizing drop erosion are considered. There are data about the mass of splashed soil in the irrigation of various irrigation machinery and installations. For example, the rate (mass) of splashed soil was 0.28…0.78 t/ha under irrigation sprinkler apparatus RACO 4260–55/701C in the conditions of the Ryazan region. The method allows examining the environmental impact of sprinkler techniques for analyzes of the pressure, caused by raindrops, on the soil. It can also be useful in determining the irrigation rate before the runoff for different types of sprinkler equipment and soil conditions.

Агрономическая эффективность промышленной (голландской) технологии возделывания картофеля

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Coy ◽  
A.V. Shuravilin ◽  
O.A. Zakharova
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Positive Response ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Correlation And Regression Analysis ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Quality Of Products ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Impact

Приведены результаты исследований по изучению влияния промышленной технологии возделывания картофеля на развитие, урожайность и качество продукции. Выявлена положительная реакция растений на подкормку K2SO4 в период посадки. Корреляционно-регрессионный анализ урожайности и качества клубней выявил высокую степень достоверности результатов опыта. Содержание нитратов и тяжелых металлов в клубнях было ниже допустимых величин.The results of studies on the impact of industrial technology of potato cultivation on growth, yield and quality of products. There was a positive response of plants to fertilizer K2SO4 in the period of planting. Correlation and regression analysis of yield and quality of tubers revealed a high degree of reliability of the results of experience. The contents of nitrates and heavy metals in tubers was below the permissible values.

Detection and Mapping of RAPD Markers Associated with QTL Affecting Seed Size and Shape in Common Bean

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 547b-547
Author(s):  
Soon O. Park ◽  
Dermot P. Coyne ◽  
Geunhwa Jung ◽  
E. Arnaud-Santana ◽  
H. Ariyarathne
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Group ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Phenotypic Variation ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Rapd Marker ◽  
Seed Shape ◽  
Seed Length ◽  
Ri Lines

Seed size is an important trait in common bean. The objective was to identify RAPD markers associated with QTL for seed weight, seed length, and seed height in a molecular marker-based linkage map in a recombinant inbred (RI) population from the common bean cross of the larger seeded (100 seed/39 to 47 g) PC-50 (ovate seed shape) × smaller seeded (100 seed/26 to 35 g) XAN-159 (flat rhomboidal seed shape). The parents and RI lines were grown in two separate greenhouse and two field (Wisconsin, Dominican Republic) experiments using a RCBD. Continuous distributions for seed weight, seed length, and seed height were observed for RI lines indicating quantitative inheritance. One to three QTLs affecting seed weight explained 17% to 41% of the phenotypic variation. Two to three QTLs for seed length explained 23% to 45% of the phenotypic variation. One to four QTL associated with seed height explained 17% to 39% of the phenotypic variation. A RAPD marker M5.850 in linkage group 3 was consistently associated with seed weight, seed length, and seed height in all experiments and explained 7% to 13% of the phenotypic variation for these traits. A seedcoat pattern morphological marker (C) in linkage group 1 was associated with seed weight and seed height in two greenhouse experiments.

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