scholarly journals Effectiveness of Peer Support Interventions for Adolescents and Young Adults Living with HIV Globally

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Hernandez ◽  
Hanna Craven ◽  
Judith Toromo ◽  
Leslie Enane
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Peer Support ◽  
Retention In Care ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Favorable Effect ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Current Evidence Base ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Peer Interventions

Background: Adolescents and young adults living with HIV (AYALHIV, ages 10-24) have poorer outcomes in care compared to other age groups. The global Treat All strategy aims to extend antiretroviral therapy (ART) to all individuals living with HIV. Efforts to improve outcomes in the AYALHIV population are essential to successfully achieving viral suppression and improving the long-term health outcomes of young people, and ultimately to ending the HIV pandemic. Peer support interventions are increasingly implemented by care programs, and are broadly favored by AYALHIV. This systematic review will evaluate the current evidence for quantitative effects of peer support interventions on AYALHIV treatment outcomes.   Methods:  We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Global Health, CINAHL Complete, Cochrane, and Scopus databases for papers published between 1994 and October 2019, in all languages and regions. Studies of the effect of peer support interventions for AYALHIV on measures of adherence or retention in care were included. Solely qualitative studies and those without a comparator or control were excluded. Three researchers screened the papers independently, and those meeting criteria were included. Abstracted variables included study characteristics, participant population, peer intervention characteristics, and outcomes.   Results: The current evidence base for the effect of peer interventions for AYALHIV is very limited. Included studies were of small sample size, and primarily consisted of observational cohort studies with imperfect comparators. In initial analyses we find that studies of peer interventions have had mixed findings regarding the effect of such interventions on adherence to ART. By contrast, studies have consistently reported a favorable effect of peer interventions on increased retention in care among AYALHIV.   Conclusion/Implications: Rigorous studies of interventions to improve outcomes among AYALHIV are urgently needed. Further analyses in this review will examine differences according to study population, design, or intervention characteristics, which may underlie variable effects identified. 

scholarly journals Psychosocial Support Interventions for Improved Adherence and Retention in ART care for Young People Living with HIV: A Scoping Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emeka Francis Okonji ◽  
Ferdinand C. Mukumbang ◽  
Zaida Orth ◽  
Shelley A. Vickerman-Delport ◽  
Brian Van Wyk
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Young People ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Psychosocial Support ◽  
Retention In Care ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv

Abstract Background: Mental health disorders such as high levels of anxiety, isolation, depression and suicide ideation reported among young people living with HIV (10-24; YPLWH) contribute significantly to poor medication adherence and retention in care. While there is evidence supporting the role of psychosocial support interventions in promoting adherence and retention in antiretroviral treatment (ART) among adults living with HIV, there is little evidence on the role of psychosocial support on medication adherence among YPLWH . This scoping review was designed to identify and classify the types and effects of psychosocial support interventions designed to improve adherence and retention in ART among adolescents and young people living with HIV globally. Method: We searched six electronic databases (i.e., Scopus, Pubmed and EBSCOHost (Academic Search Premier, CINAHL, Psycarticles and Medline). Six relevant articles published between 2011 and 2019 met our inclusion criteria. We extracted information relevant to the nature and outcomes of the reported interventions using thematic content analysis informed by the Population, Intervention, comparison, outcome, and time (PICOT) framework. Results: Four distinctive treatment modalities that focused on improving ART adherence and retention in care were identified: individual counselling, support groups, family-centered services, and treatment supporters. Conclusion: There is a dearth of psychosocial support interventions to improve adherence and retention in ART amongst adolescents and young adults living with HIV. Future research and programming should seek to address psychosocial support interventions or approaches specifically designed to address the needs of adolescents and young adults living with HIV.PROSPERO: Registration CRD42018105057

scholarly journals Psychosocial Support Interventions for Improved Adherence and Retention in ART care for Adolescents and Young People Living with HIV: A Scoping Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emeka Francis Okonji ◽  
Ferdinand C. Mukumbang ◽  
Zaida Orth ◽  
Shelley A. Vickerman-Delport ◽  
Brian Van Wyk
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Young People ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Psychosocial Support ◽  
Retention In Care ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv

Abstract Background: Mental health disorders such as high levels of anxiety, isolation, depression and suicide reported among adolescents and young people living with HIV contribute significantly to poor medication adherence and retention in care. While there is evidence supporting the role of psychosocial support interventions in promoting adherence and retention in antiretroviral treatment (ART) among adults living with HIV, there is little evidence on the role of psychosocial support on medication adherence among adolescents living with HIV. This scoping review was designed to identify and classify the types and effects of psychosocial support interventions designed to improve adherence and retention in ART among adolescents and young people living with HIV globally. Method: We searched six electronic databases (i.e., Scopus, Pubmed and EBSCOHost (Academic Search Premier, CINAHL, Psycarticles and Medline). Six relevant articles published between 2011 and 2019 met our inclusion criteria. We extracted information relevant to the nature and outcomes of the reported interventions using thematic content analysis informed by the Population, Intervention, comparison, outcome, and time (PICOT) framework. Results: Four distinctive treatment modalities that focused on improving ART adherence and retention in care were identified: individual counselling, support groups, family-centered services, and treatment supporters. Conclusion: There is a dearth of psychosocial support interventions to improve adherence and retention in ART amongst adolescents and young adults living with HIV. Future research and programming should seek to address psychosocial support interventions or approaches specifically designed to address the needs of adolescents and young adults living with HIV.

scholarly journals Tuberculosis in Adolescents and Young Adults: Emerging Data on TB Transmission and Prevention among Vulnerable Young People

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 148
Author(s):  
Katherine M. Laycock ◽  
Leslie A. Enane ◽  
Andrew P. Steenhoff
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Single Agent ◽  
Implementation Strategies ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Developmental Needs ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
And Control

Adolescents and young adults (AYA, ages 10–24 years) comprise a uniquely important but understudied population in global efforts to end tuberculosis (TB), the leading infectious cause of death by a single agent worldwide prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. While TB prevention and care strategies often overlook AYA by grouping them with either children or adults, AYA have particular physiologic, developmental, and social characteristics that require dedicated approaches. This review describes current evidence on the prevention and control of TB among AYA, including approaches to TB screening, dynamics of TB transmission among AYA, and management challenges within the context of unique developmental needs. Challenges are considered for vulnerable groups of AYA such as migrants and refugees; AYA experiencing homelessness, incarceration, or substance use; and AYA living with HIV. We outline areas for needed research and implementation strategies to address TB among AYA globally.

scholarly journals Psychosocial Support Interventions for Improved Adherence and Retention in ART care for Young People Living with HIV (10-24 years): A Scoping Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emeka Francis Okonji ◽  
Ferdinand C. Mukumbang ◽  
Zaida Orth ◽  
Shelley A. Vickerman-Delport ◽  
Brian Van Wyk
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Young People ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Psychosocial Support ◽  
Retention In Care ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv

Abstract Background: Mental health disorders such as high levels of anxiety, isolation, depression and suicide ideation reported among young people living with HIV (10-24 years; YPLWH) contribute significantly to poor medication adherence and retention in care. While there is evidence supporting the role of psychosocial support interventions in promoting adherence and retention in antiretroviral treatment (ART) among adults living with HIV, there is little evidence on the role of psychosocial support on medication adherence among YPLWH . This scoping review was designed to identify and classify the types and effects of psychosocial support interventions designed to improve adherence and retention in ART among adolescents and young people living with HIV globally.Method: We searched six electronic databases (i.e., Scopus, Pubmed and EBSCOHost (Academic Search Premier, CINAHL, Psycarticles and Medline). Six relevant articles published between 2011 and 2019 met our inclusion criteria. We extracted information relevant to the nature and outcomes of the reported interventions using thematic content analysis informed by the Population, Intervention, comparison, outcome, and time (PICOT) framework.Results: Four distinctive treatment modalities that focused on improving ART adherence and retention in care were identified: individual counselling, support groups, family-centered services, and treatment supporters.Conclusion: There is a dearth of psychosocial support interventions to improve adherence and retention in ART amongst adolescents and young adults living with HIV. Future research and programming should seek to address psychosocial support interventions or approaches specifically designed to address the needs of adolescents and young adults living with HIV.PROSPERO: Registration CRD42018105057

scholarly journals Psychosocial Support Interventions for Improved Adherence and Retention in ART care for Young People Living with HIV (10-24 years): A Scoping Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emeka Francis Okonji ◽  
Ferdinand C. Mukumbang ◽  
Zaida Orth ◽  
Shelley A. Vickerman-Delport ◽  
Brian Van Wyk
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Young People ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Psychosocial Support ◽  
Retention In Care ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv

Abstract Background: Mental health disorders such as high levels of anxiety, isolation, depression and suicide ideation reported among young people living with HIV (10-24 years; YPLWH) contribute significantly to poor medication adherence and retention in care. While there is evidence supporting the role of psychosocial support interventions in promoting adherence and retention in antiretroviral treatment (ART) among adults living with HIV, there is little evidence on the role of psychosocial support on medication adherence among YPLWH. This scoping review was designed to identify and classify the types and effects of psychosocial support interventions designed to improve adherence and retention in ART among adolescents and young people living with HIV globally.Method: We searched six electronic databases (i.e., Scopus, Pubmed and EBSCOHost (Academic Search Premier, CINAHL, Psycarticles and Medline). Six relevant articles published between 2011 and 2019 met our inclusion criteria. We extracted information relevant to the nature and outcomes of the reported interventions using thematic content analysis informed by the Population, Intervention, comparison, outcome, and time (PICOT) framework.Results: Four distinctive treatment modalities that focused on improving ART adherence and retention in care were identified: individual counselling, support groups, family-centered services, and treatment supporters.Conclusion: There is a dearth of psychosocial support interventions to improve adherence and retention in ART amongst adolescents and young adults living with HIV. Future research and programming should seek to address psychosocial support interventions or approaches specifically designed to address the needs of adolescents and young adults living with HIV.PROSPERO: Registration CRD42018105057

scholarly journals “How am I going to live?”: exploring barriers to ART adherence among adolescents and young adults living with HIV in Uganda

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah MacCarthy ◽  
Uzaib Saya ◽  
Clare Samba ◽  
Josephine Birungi ◽  
Stephen Okoboi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Art Adherence ◽  
Living With Hiv

scholarly journals Cancer in HIV-positive and HIV-negative adolescents and young adults in South Africa: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. e043941
Author(s):  
Tafadzwa Dhokotera ◽  
Julia Bohlius ◽  
Matthias Egger ◽  
Adrian Spoerri ◽  
Jabulani Ronnie Ncayiyana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Laboratory Service ◽  
Living With Hiv

ObjectiveTo determine the spectrum of cancers in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) living with and without HIV in South Africa.DesignCross-sectional study with cancer records provided by the National Cancer Registry (NCR) and HIV records from the National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS).Setting and participantsThe NHLS is the largest provider of pathology services in the South African public sector. The NCR is a division of the NHLS. We included AYAs (aged 10–24 years) diagnosed with cancer by public health sector laboratories between 2004 and 2014 (n=8479). HIV status was obtained through record linkages and text mining.Primary and secondary outcomesWe determined the spectrum of cancers by HIV status in AYAs. We used multivariable logistic regression to describe the association of cancer in AYAs with HIV, adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity and calendar period. We imputed (post hoc) the HIV status for AYA with unknown HIV status.Results8479 AYAs were diagnosed with cancer, HIV status was known for 45% (n=3812). Of those whose status was known, about half were HIV positive (n=1853). AYAs living with HIV were more likely to have Kaposi’s sarcoma (adjusted OR (aOR) 218, 95% CI 89.9 to 530), cervical cancer (aOR 2.18, 95% CI 1.23 to 3.89), non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (aOR 2.12, 95% CI 1.69 to 2.66) and anogenital cancers other than cervix (aOR 2.73, 95% CI 1.27 to 5.86) than AYAs without HIV. About 44% (n=1062) of AYAs with HIV-related cancers had not been tested for HIV.ConclusionsTargeted HIV testing for AYAs diagnosed with cancer, followed by immediate start of antiretroviral therapy, screening for cervical precancer and vaccination against human papilloma virus is needed to decrease cancer burden in AYAs living with HIV in South Africa.

scholarly journals The Impact of Illicit Drug Use on Viral Suppression and Retention in Care among HIV-Positive Adolescents and Young Adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amelia Thompson ◽  
Scott E. Gillespie ◽  
Jasper Hood ◽  
Lateshia Seaton ◽  
Andres Camacho-Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Viral Suppression ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Retention In Care ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
The Impact

An update on the growing evidence base for peer support

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chyrell Bellamy ◽  
Timothy Schmutte ◽  
Larry Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Peer Support ◽  
Support Services ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Current Evidence Base ◽  
Peer Support Services

Purpose As peer support services have become increasingly used in mental health settings as a recovery-oriented practice, so has the body of published research on this approach to care. The purpose of this paper is to provide an update on the current evidence base for peer support for adults with mental illness in two domains: mental health and recovery, and physical health and wellness. Design/methodology/approach To provide a robust, non-redundant, and up-to-date review, first the authors searched for meta-analyses and systematic reviews. Second, the authors found individual studies not included in any of the reviews. Findings Peer services are generally equally effective to services provided by non-peer paraprofessionals on traditional clinical outcomes. Although some studies found peer services to be effective at reducing hospitalization rates and symptom severity, as a whole, the current evidence base is confounded by heterogeneity in programmatic characteristics and methodological shortcomings. On the other hand, the evidence is stronger for peer support services having more of a positive impact on levels of hope, empowerment, and quality of life. Research limitations/implications In addition to the need for further high-quality research on peer support in mental and physical health domains, the authors also question whether measures of hope, empowerment, and integration into the community are more relevant to recovery than traditional clinical outcomes. Originality/value This paper provides an original, robust, and up-to-date review of the evidence for peer services.

scholarly journals Health Technology-Enabled Interventions for Adherence Support and Retention in Care Among US HIV-Infected Adolescents and Young Adults: An Integrative Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 3154-3171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann-Margaret Dunn Navarra ◽  
Marya Viorst Gwadz ◽  
Robin Whittemore ◽  
Suzanne R. Bakken ◽  
Charles M. Cleland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Retention In Care ◽  
Health Technology ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Integrative Review ◽  
Adherence Support
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