scholarly journals Validation the sensitivity and specificity of diabetes in pregnancy study group of India recommended 75 g oral glucose challenge test by comparing with carpenter and couston 100 g oral glucose tolerence test

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3544
Author(s):  
Shashikala H. Gowda ◽  
Tarigopula Swathi ◽  
Rakshitha B.
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Challenge Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Diabetes In Pregnancy ◽  
Glucose Challenge Test ◽  
Glucose Challenge ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background: Diabetes is one of the most common non communicable diseases globally. India is considered as the world diabetes capital. Women detected with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have an increased incidence of developing diabetes; especially type 2 diabetes mellitus in the later life, and future development of obesity and diabetes in the offspring. So the aim of this study is to validate the sensitivity and specificity of diabetes in pregnancy study group of India (DIPSI) recommended 75 g oral glucose challenge test (OGCT) by comparing with carpenter and couston 100 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and to note the prevalence of gestational diabetes in antenatal population attending Kempegowda Institute of Medical Sciences (KIMS).Methods: All antenatal patients reporting to our hospital at or before 24 to 28 weeks period of gestation will be recruited for the study. Patients at random will be subjected to 75g glucose load according to DIPSI criteria and one week later to carpenter and couston 100 g OGTT. Blood glucose is estimated from venous blood using glucose oxidase and peroxidase (GOD-POD) method and patients diagnosed according to respective criteria.Results: Most of the patients were in age distribution of 20–25 years. Among 100 patients in study group 28 were diagnosed as GDM by DIPSI criteria. Among 100 patients, 12 patients were detected as GDM by carpenter and couston GTT, 19 patients had impaired glucose tolerance. The incidence of GDM in the antenatal population attending KIMS hospital between gestational ages of 24–28 weeks is 12%.Conclusions: DIPSI can be used as a diagnostic test for GDM as one step simple and easy procedure especially I low resource settings like India for improved pregnancy outcome.

Screening of Diabetes in Pregnancy at Nepalgunj Medical College Teaching Hospital Kohalpur

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-67
Author(s):  
Nirmala Sharma ◽  
Durga BC
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Challenge Test ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Glucose Challenge Test ◽  
Glucose Challenge

Introduction: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is defined as glucose intolerance of variable severity or hyperglycemia occuring for the first time during pregnancy but the glucose intolerance reverting back to normal after the puerperium. According to American Diabetic Association, approximately 7% of all pregnancy are complicated by Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, resulting in more than two lakhs cases annually and the prevalence may range from 1-14% of all pregnancies. Gestational Diabetes Mellitus usually develop in the second trimester and carries grave prognosis both for mother and fetus. So screening of diabetes is necessary for early detection of diabetes and prevention of further progression. Aims: Screening of impaired glucose tolerance and gestational  diabetes mellitus by glucose challenge test (GCT) and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at 24-28 weeks of pregnancy. Methods: This study  was conducted in Nepalgunj Medical College Teaching Hospital over one year period taking 98 pregnant women who came to ANC (Antenatal Check up) out patient department. Screening for diabetes was done giving 50 gm of oral glucose (glucose challenge test) to the pregnant women at 24-28 weeks of gestational age. Results: The incidence of Impaired glucose tolerance  and gestational diabetes in this study population was  4.1% and 1% respectively. Conclusion: Screening of Diabetes mellitus in Second trimester of pregnancy is important investigation to be done to prevent the mother and the fetus from many upcoming complications of diabetes.

scholarly journals The application of 50g oral glucose challenge test in screening for gestational diabetes mellitus in patients attending antenatal care OPD

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 1952
Author(s):  
Disha Andhiwal Rajput ◽  
Jaya Kundan Gedam
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Gestational Hypertension ◽  
Challenge Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Average Risk ◽  
Glucose Challenge Test ◽  
Glucose Challenge

Background: To screen patients at average risk for Gestational Diabetes using 50g Glucose Challenge test, to ascertain the prevalence of Gestational diabetes through further diagnostic testing and to prevent and manage complications. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as carbohydrate intolerance of variable severity with onset or first recognition during pregnancy. Women with GDM are at risk for maternal and foetal complications, so it is important to screen all the pregnant woman.Methods: This study was conducted in 198 patients between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation, attending the Antenatal clinic. 50g oral glucose is administered irrespective of time of the last meal and plasma glucose is measured one hour later. Patients with plasma glucose levels more than 140 mg/dl were subjected to a 100g oral glucose tolerance test, patients with two or more abnormal reading were labelled as GDM and managed accordingly.Results: Prevalence of GDM in our study was 9.59%. Maternal complications like gestational hypertension, vaginal infections and foetal complications were much higher in GDM patients as compare to non GDM group.Conclusions: GDM is a disease which adversely affects both mother as well as foetus. It is concluded that 50 gm glucose challenge test at 24-28 weeks of gestation with a cut-off value of 140 mg/dl is a reliable screening test for GDM. This test offers the best combination of ease and economy of use and reproducibility in screening for gestational diabetes mellitus in average risk patients.

scholarly journals One step oral glucose challenge test as screening and diagnostic test for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-45
Author(s):  
Manisha Yadav ◽  
Gehanath Baral
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Challenge Test ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Fasting State ◽  
Glucose Challenge Test ◽  
Glucose Challenge

Aim: The Diabetes in Pregnancy Study Group of India (DIPSI, 2010) guidelines recommend the non-fasting 75-g oral glucose challenge test (OGCT) as a single-step screening and diagnostic test for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The aim of this study was to assess the validity of DIPSI criteria by comparing with the World Health Organization (WHO) 1999 criteria of diagnosing GDM. Methods: This study was a hospital based prospective comparative study conducted among 282 pregnant women, of gestational age of 24-28 weeks attending antenatal OPD of Patan hospital. The OGCT was performed on them irrespective of fasting state and without any dietary preparation and they were again asked to come after 3 days of unrestricted carbohydrate diet in fasting state for WHO 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) with 75 gram of glucose load. The value of OGCT >140 mg/dl is diagnostic of GDM (DIPSI 2010). For the reliability of this test, it was compared with WHO 2-hour OGTT. Results: Among the study population, the mean age and BMI was 26.04±4.50 and 24.08±3.30 respectively. Out of 282 patients, 8 cases (2.83%) were found to have abnormal non-fasting 75-g OGCT and 4 cases (1.41%) had abnormal WHO 2-hour OGTT. Paired t test was employed to examine the difference of blood glucose level of the tests. There was statistically significant difference (p<0.001) between the tests. The Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of oral glucose challenge test was 25%, 97.48%, 12.5% and 98.90% respectively. The non- fasting 75-g OGCT was able to detect only 25% of the cases. Conclusions: Though the non-fasting 75-g OGCT test is cost effective and more compliant to pregnant women, the present report suggests that it cannot be used as a single step screening and diagnostic test because of its low sensitivity. However, it is an adequate alternative for screening test in resources limited areas.

scholarly journals Evaluation of “Diabetes in Pregnancy Study Group of India” (DIPSI) Criterion as a Diagnostic Test for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Aradhana Singh ◽  
Raj K Singh ◽  
Vani Aditya
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Diabetes In Pregnancy ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Capillary Glucose ◽  
In Pregnancy

Introduction: In view of the alarmingly increasing incidence of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM), worldwide, as well as in India, a consensus to bring about standardization for diagnosis of GDM is needed. Internationally, the WHO 2013 criteria is being widely used, while (Diabetes In Pregnancy Study Group of India) DIPSI non fasting criteria is popularly used in India. There still remains many missed cases of GDM in India, which is a cause of concern. This study was done to compare the DIPSI non fasting, with WHO 2013 criteria for diagnosis of GDM. Methods: this cross-sectional study included 530 pregnant women, attending antenatal clinic of a tertiary care center, of North India, from Feb. 2018 to March 2019 and fulfilling inclusion criteria. All women attending antenatal clinic, during the study period, were subjected to capillary glucose evaluation, 2 hours after 75g oral glucose load, irrespective of the timing of last meal (DIPSI), as part of routine antenatal checkup. After 7 days, only those 530 women, who turned up in fasting state, and fulfilled inclusion criteria, were enrolled in the study and subjected to fasting 75g, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) (WHO 2013). Accuracy of DIPSI test was compared, to the fasting WHO 2013 criteria. Capillary glucose was measured using regular, well calibrated, point of care, “Optium Free Style” glucometer. Results: Out of 107 women diagnosed to have GDM by WHO 2013 criteria, only 89 were diagnosed by the DIPSI criteria. DIPSI had a low sensitivity (83.18%) when compared to the WHO 2013 criteria, Conclusion: This study showed that when non fasting DIPSI criteria was used as diagnostic criteria, 10.58% women with GDM, missed the diagnosis. Considering the adverse maternal and perinatal outcome of GDM, implication of missed diagnosis would be grave, especially in a developing country, like India. Hence, use of DIPSI criteria for diagnosing GDM should be reconsidered. Key words: GDM, DIPSI, OGTT, Diabetes in Pregnancy.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of diabetes in pregnancy study group India diagnostic criterion in detecting gestational diabetes mellitus: a rural Bangalore study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 601
Author(s):  
Rajiv Kumar Saxena ◽  
Noor Fathima Tameem Ansari ◽  
Pallavi Singh
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Diabetes In Pregnancy ◽  
Capillary Sample ◽  
Iadpsg Criteria ◽  
Venous Sample ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background: The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) is considered the current standard for diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). International association of diabetes and pregnancy study groups (IADPSG) recommends OGTT, with fasting, one-hour and two-hour venous blood samples drawn after intake of 75g oral glucose. In the Indian context, diabetes in pregnancy study group in India (DIPSI) recommends glucose challenge test (GCT), where 75 g glucose is given irrespective of the fasting state, and a single venous sample is drawn after two-hour. Diagnosis of GDM is made, if any cut-off value is met or exceeded. This prospective study was conducted to compare the DIPSI and IADPSG criteria for diagnosis of GDM.Methods: Pregnant women between 24 to 28 weeks of gestation were subjected to non-fasting GCT. Capillary sample were also drawn simultaneously using Accu check active glucometer. These women were counselled to undergo a standard 75gram OGTT, within a week of recruitment.Results: According to IADPSG criteria, 17.6% (18/102) of our participants had GDM, as compared to 19.6% (20/102) by DIPSI criteria using venous samples, and 25.3% (25/99) by capillary sample method. Sensitivity and specificity of GCT using venous sample was 72.22% and 91.67%, and using capillary sample was 70.59% and 84.15% respectively. DIPSI criteria using venous samples wrongly labelled 8.3% women as GDM, and capillary samples wrongly labelled 15.9% women as GDM. More importantly DIPSI criteria using venous samples labelled 27.8% women as false-negative and capillary samples labelled 29.4% women as false-negative for GDM. Almost one quarter of women with GDM will be missed if DIPSI criteria is used as a universal screening modality.Conclusions: We suggest that the IADPSG criteria be used for diagnosis of GDM in antenatal women in India.

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