scholarly journals Clinical profile and major co-morbidities among hospitalized children with severe acute malnutrition: experience from a tertiary care teaching hospital of North India

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Ashish Marwah ◽  
Poonam Mehta Nee Marwah
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Severe Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Severe Anemia ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Delayed Initiation

Background: Malnutrition is still a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children aged less than 5 years and responsible for 60% of the 10 million deaths. The study was designed to evaluate the clinical profile and major clinical co-morbidities among hospitalized children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM).Methods: A prospective study was conducted in a pediatric department of a tertiary care teaching hospital of Haryana. All children aged 6 months to 5 years with SAM admitted between 1st April 2018 to 31st March 2019 were included in the study. The socio-demographic details, anthropometry, clinical details and outcome were recorded in a pre-designed structured performa. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software version 16. P value<0.05 was considered significant.Results: After screening a total of 131 children, 102 children met the inclusion criteria and were enrolled in the study. Out of these, 50 were males and 52 were females. Majority of children (i.e., 59.8%) belonged to 6-12 months age group. Majority (92.16%) belonged to lower socio-economic status. Exclusive breastfeeding during first 6 months was documented in 74.51% of the children. Delayed initiation of complementary feeds was observed in 78.43% of children and had a significant association with poor future outcome (p<0.05). Major clinical co-morbidities were severe anemia (56.86%), diarrhea (27.45%) and lower respiratory tract infection (19.6%).Conclusions: In our study, most vulnerable age group for severe malnutrition was 6-12 months infants. Low socioeconomic status of family and delayed initiation of complementary feeding were the major risk factors. Most common co-morbidities were severe anemia, diarrhea, lower respiratory tract infections and sepsis emphasizing the need to target these factors.

scholarly journals Study of social and demographic determinants of severe acute malnutrition in children aged 6-59 months in a tertiary care centre of Odisha, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Pravati Jena ◽  
Soumini Rath ◽  
Manas Kumar Nayak ◽  
Diptirekha Satapathy
Keyword(s):  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Severe Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Care Centre ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Study Population

Background: The objective is to study the various social and demographic determinants of severe acute malnutrition in children aged 6 months to 59 months in a tertiary care centre of Odisha, India.Methods: This is a hospital based prospective observational study done in a tertiary care centre of Odisha during the period of Nov 2015 to Oct 2017 in which all children with severe acute malnutrition as per WHO criteria in the age group 6 months to 59 months were enrolled and their socioeconomic and demographic details were evaluated.Results: Present study revealed a prevalence of severe acute malnutrition as 2.8%. Males (54.2%) were more affected than females (45.8%). Most common age group affected was 6-12 months (37.4%). Most of the children were from low socioeconomic status (96.4%) and from rural areas (84.8%).63.7% of the study population were unimmunised. Only 12.6% of the participants were exclusively  breast fed.100% of the children in the study population received top feeding with cow’s milk.Conclusions: The prevalence of malnutrition is high in Odisha but most of the causative factors are preventable. Adequate education regarding exclusive breastfeeding, complementary feeding, immunisation, promotion of proper referral and health care services can help to improve nutritional status in the state of Odisha.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Hyponatraemia among Elderly Patients with Lower Respiratory Tract Infection

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
B Raju ◽  
A Rishab ◽  
K Vikram ◽  
T Vaibhav ◽  
T Sharat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Decrease in serum sodium concentration is frequent observation among hospitalised elderly patients. The common causes for hyponatremia are degenerative physiology, dehydration, medications and infections. Hence the present study was undertaken to know the extent of hyponatremia among elderly with Lower Respiratory Tract Infections. Objectives: The present study was undertaken to assess the prevalence of hyponatremia in lower respiratory tract infection among geriatric age group and to determine the association between severity of hyponatraemia and LRTI. Methods: This was hospital based cross sectional study carried out in the Department of General Medicine of a tertiary care teaching hospital situated in north Karnataka, India during November 2016 to May 2018. 100 elderly patients (age e” 60 years) with history of cough for more than four to five days, clinical findings and X-ray findings suggestive of LRTI, were selected for the study. Results: In the present study 59% comprised of male whereas females constituted 41%. The prevalence of hyponatraemia among elderly patients with LRTI was 45%. The most common cause of hyponatraemia was GI loss (vomiting) 53.33%, Euvolemic hyponatramia 51.11%. The mean age was 69.99±8.44 years. Most of the patients were aged between 61 to 70 years. .Hyponatraemia was not associated with sex, age and type of LRTI. Duration of hospital stay was significantly longer in patients with hyponatraemia compared to those who did not develop hyponatraemia. Conclusion: Hyponatraemia among elderly individuals with LRTI is higher as compared to other age group hence leading to prolonged duration of hospitalisation. Bangladesh J Medicine Jan 2020; 31(1) : 13-17

scholarly journals Clinical profile of patients with infantile tremor syndrome in a tertiary care center

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 2172
Author(s):  
Gargi H. Pathak ◽  
Anuya V. Chauhan ◽  
Dhruti Pandya
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Severe Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Severe Anemia ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Nutritional Rehabilitation ◽  
B12 Deficiency

Background: Infantile tremor syndrome (ITS) is a condition reported from many areas of Indian subcontinent due to lack of proper nutrition, improper weaning or delayed introduction of complementary feeding. There is no proven macro or micro nutrient deficiency responsible for it but relation with vitamin B12 deficiency has been identified in some studies. The aim of this study was to study the clinical profile of patients with ITS.Methods: It is a prospective observational study including total 30 patients, from 6 months to 3-year age group, admitted to pediatric wards and nutritional rehabilitation centre, civil hospital, Ahmedabad, from June 2018 to December 2019.Results: Out of 30 patients studied, 69% had pre-ITS and rest had ITS, 61.5% were males and 38.4% were females, 69.2% had severe acute malnutrition, 84.6% had severe anemia and 23% of them presented with CCF, 15.4% patients had microcephaly and 23% had hypotonia. 23% had motor and speech delay. 61.5% belonged to lower socio-economic group. There was delayed introduction of complementary feeding in 63% of patients. 69% patients had severe vitamin B12 deficiency and 21% had moderate vitamin B12 deficiency.Conclusion: ITS, is commonly seen among male children belonging to lower socio-economic group among age group of 6 months to 24 months, presents with coarse tremors with moderate to severe anemia with moderate to severe acute malnutrition and is associated with deficiency of vitamin B12. Early diagnosis and treatment including nutritional rehabilitation grossly improved the outcome.

scholarly journals Prevalence of anaemia among the hospitalized children in a rural tertiary care teaching hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bala Gopal Muthusamy ◽  
Vinayagamoorthy Venugopal ◽  
Sumithra S.
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Brain Maturation ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital ◽  
Care Teaching

Background: The most important nutritional deficiency (micronutrient deficiency) among children in the present world is iron deficiency. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of nutritional anemia (iron deficiency anemia) among the hospitalized children in the tertiary care rural hospital. To evaluate the distribution of anemia among various age groups, sex and its association with various systemic illness.Methods: Retrospective (record based) cross sectional study carried out in a tertiary care teaching hospital. Information regarding age, gender, chief complaints, laboratory investigations carried out like total WBC count, haemoglobin was collected. Final diagnosis with system of involvement was documented. These factors were analysed.Results: Data collected from 905 patients were analysed for the study purpose. Out of 270 children in the age group of less than 2 years 72% of children were anemic. In the age group of 2-5 years55.7% of children were anemic. Nearly 2/3 of children in less than 5 years of hospitalized children were anemic. Overall 50% of children between1 month to 12 years were anemic. System wise analysis have shown 57% of respiratory cases, 47 % of gastrointestinal cases and 48% of infectious disease cases were anaemic.Conclusions: Nutritonal anemia is a major health burden in young children in developing countries. Iron deficiency in early life during the period of brain maturation is extensively studied by various research groups. Changes in brain were also reported in animal studies. Understanding the impacts of iron deficiency in terms of its role in cognitive development, intellectual development, motor development, immune function, school performance and physical development this is considered as an important and urgent public health problem in our country.

scholarly journals Study of malaria and associated co-morbidity in children admitted with fever manifestation in a tertiary care centre

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 1705
Author(s):  
Pawan Ghanghoriya ◽  
Rahul Borkar ◽  
Monica Lazarus ◽  
Manish Ajmariya
Keyword(s):  
Severe Malaria ◽  
Severe Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Febrile Illness ◽  
Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Co Morbidity

Background: Children under five year of age are highly vulnerable to malaria infection and often face dire consequences such as severe malaria if they are not promptly and adequately treated with anti-malarial medications. Authors set out to evaluate malaria and associated co-morbidity among children admitted with febrile illness in tertiary care center NSCB Medical college Jabalpur, India.Methods: This prospective and analytic study focused on children admitted with fever in pediatric unit of N.S.C.B. Medical College, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India. If any co-morbidity present with malaria their manifestation was noted. Association of co-morbidity with malaria was done, and effect of co-morbidity on severity of malaria and outcome of patients was noted.Results: A total number of 1950 of children suspected to have malaria who were tested by RDT and microscopy (PSMP), out of them 100 children were positive. Mean age calculated was 7.3±4.3 years. Maximum number of severe malaria cases (40.6%) were found in 6 months to <5 years age group. Most common co-morbidity associated with malaria was anemia (53%) followed by pneumonia (36%) hepatitis (26%), diarrhea (24%), enteric fever (15%), septicemia and meningoencephalitis (10%) each, UTI (4%), and AKI (6%), while dengue (3%) and severe acute malnutrition (2%). Out of 69 cases of severe malaria 46.3% cases had two and 34.7% cases had more than two co-morbidities while in 31 cases of uncomplicated malaria 38.7% cases had two co-morbidity and only 3% had more than two co-morbidity.Conclusions: All RDT positive cases have associated co-morbidity with malaria in our study, more is the co-morbidity is longer were the duration of stay and higher the complications and even mortality. 

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