scholarly journals Obesity: an independent risk factor for oxidative stress

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Navneet Agrawal ◽  
Sanjeev Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Independent Risk Factor ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
Myocardial Oxidative Stress ◽  
And Control

Background: Obesity is increasing in prevalence and presents a serious risk for the development of various disorders like diabetes mellitus, hypertension, heart disease, gall bladder disease and certain forms of cancer. Animal studies have shown that obesity is associated with increased myocardial oxidative stress and increased lipid peroxidation. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that obesity per se causes increased plasma lipid peroxidation and decreased erythrocyte cytoprotection.Methods: A prospective randomized study including 300 obese subjects, was conducted in the Department of Medicine and Department of Biochemistry, G. R. Medical College, Gwalior. Age and sex matched 100 subjects having BMI between 19 to 25 kg/m2 were also enrolled. Patients were grouped as Case (n=300) and Control (n=100). Detailed physical examination and laboratory investigations including lipid profile were performed. Venous blood was obtained and used for the estimation of Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and plasma malondialdehyde (MDA). Unpaired t test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) with post-hoc Bonferroni and Tukey test along with Pearson correlation was used to analyze the data using IMB SPSS ver. 20 software. Significance is assessed at 5 % level.Results: Mean age of subjects among Case and Control group was 46.2±2.4 years and 44.5±2.2 years respectively with male predominance in each group. Mean weight, height, BMI, waist, hip, waist to hip ratio, mean blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-C, HDL-C and VLDL-C among Cases were91.57±9.8 kg, 161.6±9.3 cm, 36.17± 3.4 kgm2, 114.7±6.2 cm, 114.23±17.12 cm, 0.98±0.22, 87.3±2.6 mg/dl, 196.0±12.6 mg/dl, 253.6±27.3 mg/dl, 135±47.03 mg/dl, 47.1±1.2 mg/dl and 45.8±14.03 mg/dl and among Control group were61±5.2 kg, 163.1±8.7 cm, 21.24±1.88 cm, 21.24±1.88 kg m2, 85.2±1.4 cm, 97.32±9.12 cm, 0.86±0.14, 94.4 ± 3.2 mg/dl, 186.6 ± 6.9 mg/dl, 143.4±15.4 mg/dl, 95.73±27.48 mg/dl, 51.6±1.7 mg/dl and 22.4±10.45mg/dl respectively. Mean MDA level in Case and Control group was 4.68 ± 1.72 and 2.06±0.76 μmol/ml respectively (p< 0.001). Mean SOD level among Case and Control groups was 7.65±1.13 and 12.42±2.18 units/ml respectively (p<0.001). Female obese patients had lower level of SOD. A significant negative correlation of SOD was observed with BMI (n=300, r= -0.045, P<0.001), whereas, MDA was positively correlated with BMI (n=300, r= 0.342, P<0.001).Conclusions: Obesity in humans is an independent risk factor for lipid peroxidation and depletion of cytoprotective enzymes even in the absence of other confounding factors such as diabetes and hyperlipidaemia.

scholarly journals High plasma H2O2 level and low plasma catalase level as risk factors for acne vulgaris

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anak Agung Gde Putra Wiraguna ◽  
Made Wardhana ◽  
Made Kusuma Dewi Maharani
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Acne Vulgaris ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
High Plasma ◽  
Matched Pair ◽  
Control Group ◽  
H2o2 Level ◽  
And Control

Background: In this recent time, ROS and oxidative stress have been said to play an important role in the pathogenesis of inflamed acne lesions. One example of ROS produced by neutrophil through phagocytosis is H2O2. Nevertheless, there is an enzymatic antioxidant which catalyses H2O2 called catalase. Imbalance of free radicals and antioxidants due to excessive ROS formation promotes the state of oxidative stress and inflammation of the acne lesion.Objective: This study aimed to determine plasma H2O2 and catalase level as a risk factor for acne.Methods: This matched-pair case-control observational analytic study involving 38 patients with acne and 38 patients without acne. Sampling was done using consecutive sampling which fulfils the inclusion and exclusion criteria and followed by matching with age and gender. H2O2 and catalase level measured on both groups. The analysis was done using SPSS.Results: H2O2 mean level in the case and control group, respectively 0.68 ± 0.03 and 0.42 ± 0.04 µmol/ml. High H2O2 level was determined from cut-off point >0.62 µmol/ml. High H2O2 was a statistically significant risk factor for acne vulgaris (p<0.001; 95% CI: 4.59-40.62; OR: 13.67). The mean level of catalase in the case and control group respectively 0.48 ± 0.06 and 0.74 ± 0.07 U/ml. Low catalase level was determined from the cut-off point <0.58 U/ml. Catalase was significant risk factor for acne vulgaris (p<0.001; 95% CI: 5.18-77.21; OR: 20.00).Conclusion: High levels of H2O2 plasma and low levels of catalase plasma is a risk factor of acne vulgaris.

scholarly journals Increased Serum Angiotensin II Is a Risk Factor of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Prospective Pilot Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Yue Li ◽  
Feng Xiong ◽  
Wen Xu ◽  
Side Liu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Independent Risk Factor ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ang Ii ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
And Control

Background and Aims. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most prevalent chronic liver diseases. In this prospective study, we aim to explore the role of angiotensin II (Ang II) and NLRP3 inflammasome in NAFLD patients. Methods. We prospectively enrolled 96 patients in our hospital from September 2014 to February 2016. Patients were divided into two groups (NAFLD group and Control group), and the serum Ang II level, IL-1β, IL-18, and lipids were analyzed. Correlation and multivariable analyses were used in order to identify the potential risk factors of NAFLD. Results. Although the two groups share a similar demographic background, the Ang II level of NAFLD group patients was significantly higher than that of the Control group (42.18±12.37 vs. 36.69±13.90, p=0.014) when abdominal ultrasound was used for grouping. This finding was confirmed when a FibroScan Cap value was selected to divide participants into the NAFLD group and Control group (41.16±13.06 vs. 34.85±12.64, p=0.040). Multivariable analysis showed that Ang II level is an independent risk factor of NAFLD whether abdominal ultrasound (OR=1.056, p=0.037) or FibroScan Cap value (OR=1.069, p=0.013) was deemed as the diagnostic standard. Furthermore, stepwise regression analysis was carried out between Ang II with other parameters and we discovered that Ang II had a linear correlation with IL-1β. Conclusion. Ang II levels of NAFLD patients significantly increased, and elevated Ang II level is an independent risk factor of NAFLD. Our preliminary results also indicate that Ang II may promote the development of NAFLD by activating NLRP3 inflammasome.

scholarly journals Study on Homocysteinemia as a Risk Factor of Ischemic Stroke

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
Md Amjad Hossain Pramanik ◽  
Achinta Kumar Mallick ◽  
Mukul Kumar Sarkar ◽  
SM Emdadul Haque ◽  
Md Raseul Kabir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Independent Risk Factor ◽  
Homocysteine Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Serum Homocysteine ◽  
And Control

Despite recent advances, only two-third of all strokes can be attributed to known causal risk factors. Homocysteine (tHcy), a sulfur-containing amino acid, is now considered to be an important risk factor for vascular diseases, along with the established risk factors like hyperlipidemia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and smoking. Elevated homocysteine levels play a causal role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, thromboembolism and vascular endothelial dysfunction with an increased incidence of ischemic stroke.  This study aimed to find out the association of hyperhomocysteinemia with ischemic stroke. A total of 100 subjects were included in this study, 50 were ischemic stroke patients enrolled as case, and 50 were normal healthy individuals enrolled as control. Serum homocysteine level was measured in both case and control groups. The comparison was made in both groups regarding other common risk factors like diabetes mellitus, hypertension, smoking, dyslipidemia, family history, etc.  Among 100 patients, 50 had ischemic stroke and 50 were healthy individuals. In this study, out of all patients, abnormal serum homocysteine level was found in 32% of cases and 12% of controls. The mean (±SD) serum homocysteine level was found 16.50±13.86 μmole/L in cases and 9.46±3.49 μmole /L in the control group. Significant (p<0.05) difference was found between the case and the control. The incidence of hyperhomocysteinemia is higher in ischemic stroke cases than that in age-sex-matched healthy controls. In our study, serum homocysteine was high in both younger age group patients (16.65±14.55 μmole/L vs. 9.52±3.19 μmole/L) and older age group patients (16.33±9.87 vs. 9.35±3.97 μmole/L,) in case and control group respectively. Significant (p<0.05) difference was found between the case and the control. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that abnormal serum homocysteine is an independent risk factor of ischemic stroke. So we conclude that hyperhomocysteinemia is an important and independent risk factor for the development of ischemic stroke. Hypertension and smoking are important contributory to elevated serum homocysteine. TAJ 2021; 34: No-1: 33-39

scholarly journals Investigation of Malondialdehyde (MDA), Homocysteine (Hcy) and C- reactive protein (CRP) in sera of patients with Angina Pectoris

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Ahmed Abduljalal Abduljabbar ◽  
Parween Abdulsamad Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Angina Pectoris ◽  
Independent Risk Factor ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Artery Disease

Homocysteine (Hcy) has been considered as an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD Oxidative stress and free radicals are known to have important roles in the development ofAngina Pectoris. Oxidative stress is present in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), and hyperhomocysteinemia, an independent risk factor for these diseases, may play a role in inducing production of oxygen free radicals. The aim of this study was to determine a possible relationship between blood serum Hcy levels and lipid peroxidation in patients suffering from Angina Pectoris (AP).To evaluate the possible role of homocysteine (Hcy) in inducing oxidative stress in Angina Pectoris(AP), plasma homocysteine( Hcy), plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) and C reactive protein (CRP) were measured in 60 unstable Angina Pectoris patients, we tested 30 healthy volunteers. Hcy was measured by an enzymatic colorimetric method and MDA, an index of lipid peroxidation, by spectrophotometer. Serum Hcy levels were significantly higher in angina pectories (AP) patients than the controls (23.2±8.0 vs 10.76 ± 2.55 micromol/L; P

scholarly journals Gender Features of Radical Oxidation of Lipids in Menopausal Women and Men in Andropause

2016 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. I. Kolesnikova ◽  
I. M. Madaeva ◽  
N. V. Semenova ◽  
E. V. Osipova ◽  
M. A. Darenskaya
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Double Bonds ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Radical Oxidation ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Study Results ◽  
And Control

Aims: Our aim was to assess lipid peroxidation ― antioxidant protection in menopausal women and men in andropause and to compare these processes in different gender and age groups. Materials and methods:74 women and 37 men were examined. This study was a prospective, randomized cohort study. Women were divided into perimenopausal group (n=22, mean age 49.03±3.13), postmenopausal group (n=15, mean age 54.43±4.54) and control (n=37, mean age 34±1.2). Men were divided into a group of andropause (n=20, mean age 50.38±2.63) and control (n=17, mean age 35.21±4.75). Body mass index in the main and control groups was comparable. Questionnaires, clinical examination, assessment of the lipid peroxidation-antioxidant defense system, and the calculation of oxidative stress ratio were conducted to all participants of the study. Results: In women from the reproductive phase transition to its extinction increases content of compounds with conjugated double bonds by 22% (p0.05) in perimenopause and by 27% (p0.05) in postmenopause, increases content of the ketodienes and coupled trienes by 21% (p0.05) in perimenopause relative to the control group and reduced by 27% (p0.05) in postmenopausal women relative to the group of perimenopause. The antioxidant system in women observed the following changes: decrease in the α-tocopherol levels in postmenopausal women by 37% relative to control and by 22% (p0.05) to compare perimenopause; reduction of retinol level by 29% (p0.05) in the perimenopause and by 39% (p0.05) in postmenopause relative to control, increasing of the content of GSSG by 18% (p0.05) in postmenopause to compare control. When comparing groups of men statistically significant differences were not found. When comparing the groups according to gender, we revealed in men the increased content of compounds with conjugated double bonds by 38% (p0.05), the GSSG by 13% (p0.05), reduced content of the ketodienes and coupled trienes by 43% (p0,05), α-tocopherol by 24% (p0.05), SOD activity by 9% (p0.05).Coefficient oxidative stress in perimenopausal women was 2,5, in postmenopausal ― 3,48, in andropause ― 0,97.Conclusions: Expressed lipid peroxidation activity is more physiological in andropause than in menopause. Men in andropause have large functional reserves and adaptive capacity than menopausal women.

Resistance of erythrocytes from Brown trout (Salmo trutta m. trutta L.) affected by ulcerative dermal necrosis syndrome

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Kurhalyuk ◽  
H. Tkachenko ◽  
K. Pałczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Brown Trout ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance ◽  
Tbars Level ◽  
Reactive Substance ◽  
Brown Trout Salmo Trutta

Resistance of erythrocytes from Brown trout (Salmo trutta m. trutta L.) affected by ulcerative dermal necrosis syndrome In the present work we evaluated the effect of ulcerative dermal necrosis (UDN) syndrome on resistance of erythrocytes to haemolytic agents and lipid peroxidation level in the blood from brown trout (Salmo trutta m. trutta L.). Results showed that lipid peroxidation increased in erythrocytes, as evidenced by high thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) levels. Compared to control group, the resistance of erythrocytes to haemolytic agents was significantly lower in UDN-positive fish. Besides, UDN increased the percent of hemolysated erythrocytes subjected to the hydrochloric acid, urea and hydrogen peroxide. Results showed that UDN led to an oxidative stress in erythrocytes able to induce enhanced lipid peroxidation level, as suggested by TBARS level and decrease of erythrocytes resistance to haemolytic agents.

Association Between Magnesium and Oxidative Stress in Patients with Obesity

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 743-748
Author(s):  
Ana R.S. de Oliveira ◽  
Kyria J.C. Cruz ◽  
Jennifer B.S. Morais ◽  
Juliana S. Severo ◽  
Jéssica B. Beserra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Magnesium Concentration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Compensatory Mechanism ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Magnesium Intake ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dietary Magnesium ◽  
And Control

Background: The role of minerals in preventing the generation of oxidative stress in obese individuals has been evaluated. Magnesium is an antioxidant nutrient and a cofactor of enzymes involved in the cell membrane stabilization, attenuating the effects of oxidative stress. Objective: To evaluate the association between magnesium and concentrations of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in patients with obesity and eutrophic women. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 73 women, divided into two groups: case group (patients with obesity, n=27) and control group (eutrophic women, n=46). Measurements of body mass index and waist circumference were performed. Dietary magnesium intake was assessed by the three-day food record using the NutWin software. Urinary magnesium concentration was measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry method. Plasma concentrations of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were also determined. Results: Mean values of dietary magnesium intake were 161.59 ± 60.04 and 158.73 ± 31.96 for patients with obesity and control group, respectively, with no significant difference between the groups studied (p >0.05). The value of urinary excretion of magnesium was lower than the reference values in both groups, with no significant difference between the groups studied (p >0.05). The plasma concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances was significantly higher in patients with obesity compared to the control group (p <0.001). There was no correlation between levels of magnesium biomarkers and the concentration of TBARS (p >0.05). Conclusion: Patients with obesity showed a reduced dietary magnesium intake which seems to induce hypomagnesuria as a compensatory mechanism. The marker of oxidative stress evaluated in this study was not influenced by magnesium.

scholarly journals Malondialdehyde levels can be measured in serum and saliva by using a fast HPLC method with visible detection / Determinarea printr-o metodă HPLC-VIS rapidă a concentraţiilor serice şi salivare ale malondialdehidei

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erzsébet Fogarasi ◽  
Mircea Dumitru Croitoru ◽  
Ibolya Fülöp ◽  
Enikő Nemes-Nagy ◽  
Robert Gabriel Tripon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Living Organism ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Pearson Correlation Test ◽  
Repeated Sample

Abstract Oxidative stress appears when the amount of free radicals that are formed in a living organism exceed its spin-trapping ability. One of the most dangerous free radicals that are formed in the human body is the hydroxyl radical. It can alter several biomolecules, including the unsaturated fatty acids; this process is known as lipid peroxidation and can lead to cell necrosis and generation of several harmful byproducts including malondialdehyde, which serves also as a biomarker of oxidative stress. A new HPLC method with visible detection was developed for the detection of malondialdehyde in human serum and saliva samples. The method was verified in terms of specificity, linearity, limits of detection (0.35 ng/ml), limit of quantification (1.19 ng/ml), recovery (90.13±10.25 – 107.29±14.33) and precision (3.84±1.49% – 6.66±1.76%). An analysis time of only 1 minute was obtained and no interferences from the matrices were observed. Statistical analysis (Pearson correlation test) showed a moderate correlation (R = 0.5061, p = 0.0099) between serum and saliva concentrations (N = 25). The possibility of measuring salivary concentrations of malondialdehyde extents the applications of oxidative stress/lipid peroxidation estimations to categories of population unreachable before (pregnant women, small children, etc); repeated sample studies are also easier to make.

scholarly journals In Vivo Protective Effects of Gallic Acid Isolated from Peltiphyllum Peltatum Against Sodium Fluoride-Induced Oxidative Stress in Rat Erythrocytes

2013 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 553-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Fazel Nabavi ◽  
Solomon Habtemariam ◽  
Antoni Sureda ◽  
Akbar Hajizadeh Moghaddam ◽  
Maria Daglia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Sodium Fluoride ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Rat Erythrocytes ◽  
Pre Treatment

Abstract Gallic acid has been identified as an antioxidant component of the edible and medicinal plant Peltiphyllum peltatum. The present study examined its potential protective role against sodium fluoride (NaF)-induced oxidative stress in rat erythrocytes. Oxidative stress was induced by NaF administration through drinking water (1030.675 mg m-3 for one week). Gallic acid at 10 mg kg-1 and 20 mg kg-1 and vitamin C for positive controls (10 mg kg-1) were administered daily intraperitoneally for one week prior to NaF administration. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase and catalase), and the level of reduced glutathione were evaluated in rat erythrocytes. Lipid peroxidation in NaF-exposed rats significantly increased (by 88.8 %) when compared to the control group (p<0.05). Pre-treatment with gallic acid suppressed lipid peroxidation in erythrocytes in a dose-dependent manner. Catalase and superoxide dismutase enzyme activities and glutathione levels were reduced by NaF intoxication by 54.4 %, 63.69 %, and 42 % (p<0.001; vs. untreated control group), respectively. Pre-treatment with gallic acid or vitamin C significantly attenuated the deleterious effects. Gallic acid isolated from Peltiphyllum peltatum and vitamin C mitigated the NaF-induced oxidative stress in rat erythrocytes.

Expression Analysis of 4-Hydroxynonenal Modified Proteins in Schizophrenia Brain; Relevance to Involvement in Redox Dysregulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sobia Manzoor ◽  
Ayesha Khan ◽  
Beena Hasan ◽  
Shamim Mushtaq ◽  
Nikhat Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Protein Adducts ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tbars Level ◽  
Elevated Expression ◽  
Modified Proteins

Background: Oxidative damage contributes to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia (SZ). Redox imbalance may lead to increased lipid peroxidation, which produces toxic aldehydes like 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) ultimately leading to oxidative stress. Conversely, implications of oxidative stress points towards an alteration in HNE-protein adducts and activities of enzymatic and antioxidant systems in schizophrenia. Objectives: Present study focuses on identification of HNE-protein adducts and its related molecular consequences in schizophrenia pathology due to oxidative stress, particularly lipid peroxidation. Material and Methods: Oxyblotting was performed on seven autopsied brain samples each from cortex and hippocampus region of schizophrenia patients and their respective normal healthy controls. Additionally, thiobarbituric acid substances (TBARS), reduced glutathione (GSH) levels and catalase (CAT) activities associated with oxidative stress, were also estimated. Results: Obtained results indicates substantially higher levels of oxidative stress in schizophrenia patients than healthy control group represented by elevated expression of HNE-protein adducts. Interestingly, hippocampus region of schizophrenia brain shows increased HNE protein adducts compared to cortex. An increase in catalase activity (4.8876 ± 1.7123) whereas decrease in antioxidant GSH levels (0.213 ± 0.015µmol/ml) have been observed in SZ brain. Elevated TBARS level (0.3801 ± 0.0532ug/ml) were obtained in brain regions SZ patients compared with their controls that reflects an increased lipid peroxidation (LPO). Conclusion: Conclusion: We propose the role of HNE modified proteins possibly associated with the pathology of schizophrenia. Our data revealed increase lipid peroxidation as a consequence of increased TBARS production. Furthermore, altered cellular antioxidants pathways related to GSH and CAT also highlight the involvement of oxidative stress in schizophrenia pathology.

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