scholarly journals Correlation of diabetes with mycotic infections: a pilot study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1671
Author(s):  
Manish Munjal ◽  
Naveen Mittal ◽  
Ekta Bansal ◽  
Shubham Munjal ◽  
Devambika Mehta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Paranasal Sinuses ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Medical College ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Mycotic Infections

Background: The immuno-compromised individuals have a high Incidence of fungal infections of the nose and the paranasal sinuses. There is a variation in the fungal species that manifest in different subset of individuals. The species and the susceptible individuals were studied in the Punjab population, to suggest measures to attain a better outcome.Methods: 50 subjects treated for paranasal fungal infection by rhinology division of the oto-rhino-laryngology services, Dayanand Medical College and hospital, Ludhiana, were analysed. The prospective study was carried out in a period of one and a half year (June 2009 to December 2010).Results: Mycotic infections was predominantly noted in the age group  51-60 years  i.e. in 14 patients (28%) followed by 41-50 years, 13 cases (26%). There were 29 (58%) of males and 21 (42%) females with a male:female ratio of 1.4:1. Amongst 50 patients with mycotic infection, 19 (38%) were diabetic. All 15 (100%) patients with zygomycosis had underlying diabetes while only 4 (21%) with aspergillosis were diabetic.Conclusions: Zygomycosis occurs usually in diabetics, while in aspergillosis the underlying morbidity may or may not be diabetes. Timely medical treatment is essential to check diabetes and species identification to select the appropriate antifungal medication. 

scholarly journals Autopsy dissection techniques and investigations in deaths due to COVID-19 triggered fungal infections - A diagnostic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 207-213
Author(s):  
Himanshi Narang ◽  
Amit Patil
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Paranasal Sinuses ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Invasive Fungal Infections ◽  
Correct Interpretation ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Dissection Techniques ◽  
Second Wave

The COVID-19 pandemic, which originated from Wuhan, China, has rapidly spread worldwide, including India. As India grappled with the second wave, COVID-triggered fungal infection has suddenly risen tremendously, raising a sense of panic in the country. The fungal infection in COVID-19 includes Mucormycosis and Aspergillosis, as common fungal infections primarily affecting rhino-orbital structures. Many research papers have published postmortem findings in autopsies conducted on COVID-19 decedents, thereby helping to understand this contagious disease's pathogenesis. But, with the arrival of COVID-triggered fungal infection, which is a crucial invasive disease responsible for fatality, very few research papers have commented on the postmortem findings of invasive fungal infections affecting the rhino-orbital and craniocerebral structures in COVID-19 deaths. Therefore, the role of invasive fungal infection due to COVID-19 illness must be established in the causation of deaths in COVID-19 patients. This review research deals with autopsy dissection techniques and possible postmortem findings of invasive fungal infections involving the nasal and paranasal sinuses and orbital structures in COVID-19 deaths. The findings of fungal infection affecting nasal and paranasal systems may not differ in live patients and in a deceased; however, it is essential that correct interpretation of the postmortem findings aided by pre-or post-autopsy investigations is necessary to establish the role of covid triggered fungal infection in such deaths.

scholarly journals A New Non-touch Technique (Partha’s Technique) of Administering Spinal Anaesthesia in Paediatric Age Group- A Pilot Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Parthasarathy ◽  
Indubala Maurya
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Failure Rate ◽  
Spinal Anaesthesia ◽  
Lateral Position ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Paediatric Age ◽  
Group A ◽  
Gandhi Medical College

Introduction: Paediatric spinal anaesthesia is often the technique of choice in many short duration surgeries. However, the failure rate is higher with spinal anaesthesia in children than in adults. Aim: To evaluate if a non-touch technique of paediatric spinal anaesthesia can reduce anaesthetic failure. Materials and Methods: A pilot study was done in 10 paediatric patients from January 2018 to July 2018 in Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Puducherry, India. Ten children posted for infra-umbilical surgeries in the age group of 4-10 years were given a sedative premedication with a combination of Pethidine and Midazolam They were kept in lateral position with the back much inside the edge of the table so that there was a considerable space between the table edge and the baby. Identification of the L3-L4 space was done by touching the patient. The 25-gauge quincke needle was pricked and the hub was held with the hand in the table without touching the patient. Results: The anaesthesia was successful with adequate level in all the patients; T8 in five patients and T10 in the other five patients. There were no significant side effects. Conclusion: From this pilot study on 10 patients, it can be suggested that the novel non-touch Partha’s technique is feasible and more successful with absent failure rate when administering spinal anaesthesia in the paediatric age group.

scholarly journals Medial versus Medio-lateral Tympanoplasty in Large Central and Subtotal Perforation – A Prospective Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-50
Author(s):  
Ajoy Khaowas ◽  
Chiranjib Das
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Uptake Rate ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Group I ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Subtotal Perforation ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Bony Overhang

Introduction: Large central and subtotal tympanic membrane (TM) perforations are difficult to repair because of less vascularity of anterior TM than posterior TM and the anterior bony overhang that blocks visualization. Some studies reported very encouraging results with the medio-lateral tympanoplasty in such cases. We have undertaken this study to find out efficacy of this technique in large central and subtotal perforations and to compare the results of medio-lateral with medial tympanoplasty. Materials and Methods: The present prospective study was conducted in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology of a medical college and hospital, West Bengal from January 2013 to December 2014. Patients were alternatively divided into two groups. Medial technique was used in Group I and medio-lateral technique was used in Group II.    Results: Each group comprised of 40 patients each. Maximum number of patients in each group was in the age group of 15-25 years. The overall graft uptake rate in this study was 95% in medio-lateral technique compared to 80% of underlay technique. Conclusion: The medio-lateral tympanoplasty is suitable for reconstruction of large central or subtotal TM perforation. It takes advantage of both medial and lateral grafting methods while avoiding their pitfalls.

scholarly journals COVID 19 ASSOCIATED INVASIVE FUNGAL INFECTIONS IN CHURU REGION OF RAJASTHAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikas Devra ◽  
Varsha Varshney
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Invasive Fungal Infections ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Significant Incidence ◽  
Mri Scans ◽  
Reduction Of Mortality

Background: COVID 19 or severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) evolved as global pandemic since December 2019 when it was first reported in Wuhan, China. Coinfection in patients with COVID-19 has been reported in multiple studies, being bacterial in origin the most frequent; and fungal infection being reported only in severe cases. Methods: This study was conducted at the department of E.N.T. at PanditDeenDayalUpadhyay Medical College, Churu. Cases presented to E.N.T. OPD with clinical features of invasive rhino-orbital fungal infection for the period of two month from 1st June 2021 were included in the study. Patients were clinically evaluated, HRCT, MRI scans and with KOH mount and culture of involved tissue ere done. Patient’s COVID-19 status was ascertained. The clinicopathological association of occurrence of invasive fungal infections in post covid and non-covid patients along with other risk factors like diabetes mellitus, immune compromised state and long-term steroid use was done using statistical methods Results: We studied 21 patients who attended our OPD with features of invasive fungal infection. Most common presentation was swelling and pain in the cheek region and red eye and swelling around the eye, three patients presented with maxillary swelling with blackish discoloration of teeth. Radiological findings were suggestive of fungal etiology in all patients. KOH mount showed fungal hyphae in 20 cases. Total 20 cases were post COVID status. Old DM was there in 12 patients whereas 9 patients showed new onset hyperglycemia. Conclusions: COVID-19 is associated with a significant incidence of secondary infections, both bacterial and fungal probably due to immune dysregulation. The widespread use of steroids/monoclonal antibodies/broad-spectrum antibiotics as part of the management protocols against COVID-19 may lead to the exacerbation of preexisting fungal diseases or development of new infection. Treating Physicians should make themselves aware and prepare for the possibility of invasive secondary fungal infections in patients with COVID-19 infection especially in patients with preexisting risk factors and should enable early diagnosis and treatment with the subsequent reduction of mortality and morbidity. Keywords: Coronavirus, COVID-19, mucormycosis, invasive fungal infections

scholarly journals TO STUDY AGE, SEX INCIDENCE OF VARIOUS SALIVARY GLAND TUMORS IN BIKANER REGION

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saroj Ola ◽  
Nikita Manoj ◽  
Manoj Kumar Meena
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Benign Neoplasm ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Salivary Gland Neoplasm ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Salivary Gland Tumours ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Age And Sex

Background: To determine the Incidence of various salivary gland tumours according to age and sex in Bikaner region Methods: This is a retrospective and prospective study on salivary gland neoplasm a histopathological study in relation to age, sex and site over a period of 5 years, 3 years retrospective and 2 years prospective at the department of pathology, Sardar Patel Medical College and Associated Group of Hospitals, Bikaner. Results:  No case was found in age groups 0-20 years while 4 patients were found in age group 21-30 years and out of them 2 each were female and male while 5 patients were found in age group 31-40 and out of them 3 were females and 2 were males. In age group 41-50, only 4 patients were found and they all were males. In age group 51-60 years, maximum number of cases (n=6) were found and out of them 3 each were female and male. Conclusion: In Bikaner zone benign neoplasm is predominant in female and malignant predominant in male. Keywords: Benign, Malignant, Age, Sex, Salivary gland.

scholarly journals Frequency of fungal infections in nasal polypi.

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 2231-2234
Author(s):  
Uzma Aslam ◽  
Nausheen Henna ◽  
Aman-ur- Rehman ◽  
Saniyah Ali ◽  
Shireen Hamid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nasal Polypi ◽  
Margin Of Error ◽  
Study Setting ◽  
Formalin Fixed

Objectives: Determine the frequency of fungal infections in nasal polypi. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Histopathology Department at Shaikh Zayed Hospital Lahore. Period: Six months from 12/2/2015 to 12/8/2015. Material & Methods: Two hundred surgical resections/biopsies using 95% confidence level, with 7% margin of error were collected. Formalin fixed specimens of patients of both genders and 10- 60 years of age with nasal polyps received after surgical procedure in department of ENT. Grossing and processing was done. Hematoxyin & Eosin stained sections were examined by two consultant Histopathologists independently. The presence of fungal hyphae was confirmed by PAS and Silver stains. The study was approved by College of Physicians & Surgeons Pakistan. All the data was entered and analyzed by using SPSS version 20. Results: Out of 200 patients all the patients showed the prescence of inflammatory cells in polyps (100%) with predominantly eosinophils in their submucosa (82%). Fungus was present in 48 cases (24%) most of them were in the age group of 42-57 years (13%) and 31(15.5%) patients having BMI <30 and 17(8.5%) having BMI >30 were positive for fungus.30 cases were of Aspergillus (62.5%) and rest 8 were of Mucor (37.5%). The fungus positive cases were more in males (13.5%). 160 of the cases were of unilateral polyps (80%) and 40 were of bilateral polypi (20%). Only 8% of the patients having diabetes had fungal infection. Conclusion: Hence, the frequency of fungal infection in nasal polypi is low with Aspergillus being the commonest pathogen affecting males predominantly.

Peritonsillar Abscess Treatment under Local Anaesthesia: Incision and Drainage versus Needle Aspiration

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2982-2984
Author(s):  
Sajid Rashid Nagra ◽  
Ghulam Dastgir Khan ◽  
Salman Aftab Ahmed ◽  
Saleha Rashid ◽  
Anam Malik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Peritonsillar Abscess ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Acute Tonsillitis ◽  
Incision And Drainage ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Single Modality ◽  
Incision Drainage

Background: Peritonsillar abscess is usually complication of acute tonsillitis which itself is prevalent in society. As a general surgical principle, abscess any were, has to be drained so same applies for quinsy but methodology for this drainage is not being agreed. Aim: To find best modality for drainage of this abscess and see its incidence in which age group and sex. Study design: Prospective study Place and duration of the study: Department of ENT, Rai Medical College, Sargodha from 1st Feb. 2017 to 31st Jan. 2019. Methodology: One hundred and thirty five patients above 15 years of age and those in need of hospital admission due to severity of symptoms were included. Paediatric, immunocompromised, requiring general anesthesia and acute tonsillitis patients were excluded. Results: There were 65.2% males and 34.8% females. Commonly affected age group was 21-40 years. Needle aspiration was found more effective for management of peritonsillar abscess. Conclusion: No consensus for single modality and both needle aspiration and incision/drainage is advocated and needle aspiration proved fruitful in management. Keywords: Quinsy, Peritonsillar abscess, needle aspiration

scholarly journals The double trouble: COVID-19 associated mucormycosis a focused review and future perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Arun Kumar Agnihotri ◽  
Monika Vij ◽  
Okezie I. Aruoma ◽  
Vipul D Yagnik ◽  
Theeshan Bahorun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Paranasal Sinuses ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Fungal Spores ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Corticosteroid Administration ◽  
Uncontrolled Diabetes ◽  
The Family ◽  
Need To Evaluate ◽  
The Many

Mucormycosis, a deadly fungal infection, has affected thousands of COVID-19 patients in India. Mucormycosis, formerly known as zygomycosis, is caused by the many fungi that belong to the family “Mucorales.” These molds are commonly found in soil, air, and damp walls and frequently colonize oral mucosa, nose, paranasal sinuses, and throat. The pathophysiological consequences of diabetes combined with the acute inflammatory surge in COVID-19 and steroid treatment weakens person’s immunity and renders susceptibility to fungal infections. Patients treated for severe COVID-19 have damaged lungs and suppressed immune system, an environment that supports fungal infection. Fungal spores can grow in airways or sinuses, and invade bodies’ tissues, explaining why the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses are the most common site of mucormycosis infection, the consequential spread to the eyes can cause blindness, or causing headaches or seizures if the infection spreads to the brain. Poorly controlled diabetes often results in acidosis in tissues a suitable environment for Mucorales fungi to grow, exacerbating the risk for mucormycosis. This becomes clinically important, especially in India that has an increased prevalence of undiagnosed and uncontrolled diabetes. Given that a significant increase in the cases of mucormycosis in the diabetic patients treated for COVID-19 is strongly associated with corticosteroid administration, there is a need to evaluate use of dietary nutraceuticals with immune boosting potentials that modulate metabolic abnormalities in the management of COVID-19 associated mucormycosis.

scholarly journals Study of quality of life outcome after adenotonsillectomy in children with sleep disorderd breathing

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Arshed Ali ◽  
Jasif Nisar ◽  
Ihsan Ali ◽  
Rauf Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Somatic Growth ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Neck Surgery ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Pediatric Age Group ◽  
Metabolic Systems

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">This prospective study was conducted in our department with the objective to study the quality of life outcome after adenotonsillectomy in children with sleep disorderd breathing. Sleep-disordered breathing, can lead to substantial morbidities, affecting the central nervous system (CNS), the cardiovascular and metabolic systems, and somatic growth, ultimately leading to reduced quality of life. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">This prospective study was conducted in 47 patients in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Government Medical College and associated SMHS Hospital Srinagar. The study was included the patients with SDB in pediatric age group, who visited in our OPD.OSA-18 questionnaire was used pre-operatively, at 2 and 6 months after surgery.  </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Our study groups comprised of total 47 patients with majority of patients with in age group of 5-7 years, males were 29 (61.70%) and females were 18 (38.30%). In our study the OSA 18 scale used pre-operatively showed majority of patients 33 (70.21%) having score &gt;80 score, with mean OSA-18 score of 84.15 showing that there was a major impact on quality of life and there was significant improvement in mean OSA-18 score in postoperative period from 30.49 to 26.85 at 2 and 6 months post- operatively and hence improvement in quality of life. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Based on the observation made in the study we concluded that there was a significant improvement in the disease specific postoperative quality of life after both adenotonsillectomy and tonsillectomy. We also concluded that polysomnography results matched with OSA 18 questionnaire scale score done preoperatively.</span></p>

scholarly journals Prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism in cases of cholelithiasis

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Brijendra Singh Raghuwanshi ◽  
Sandeep Jain ◽  
Mahendra Damor ◽  
Naveen Kumar Patbamniya
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽  
P Value ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Provisional Diagnosis ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasonography ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Gandhi Medical College ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Multiple Stone

Background: This prospective study was carried out to analyse the prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism in patients of gall stones.Methods: A prospective study was carried out in the Gandhi Medical College and associated Hamidia Hospital Bhopal from 2015 to 2016. Data was collected from patients who were admitted in surgical wards, with a provisional diagnosis of cholelithiasis. Patient was diagnosed cholelithiasis on abdominal ultrasonography and was tested for having subclinical hypothyroidism by testing fasting blood samples for serum TSH.Results: A total of 50 patients of cholelithiasis were included in present study. Females were 42 out of 50 (84%) and males were 8 out of 50 (16%). Most common age group was 41-50 (36%) correct (insignificant at p<0.05). 12 (24%) out 50 patients were hypothyroid. Out of total 42 females 11(26.19 %) were hypothyroid (insignificant at p<0.05). All stones in hypothyroidism patients were >1cm and overall 58% stones were >1cm (statically significant P<0.05). 03 out of 12 hypothyroidisms (25%) patient had single stones while 9 (75%) patient have multiple stone (statically significant P value <0.05). In hypothyroid cases most stones were of cholesterol type (58%) (Statically significant at P value≤0.05).Conclusions: Early diagnosis of hypothyroid state at subclinical level by monitoring TSH level so that they can be treated at early stages and burden of Cholelithiasis thus can be prevented.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document