scholarly journals Unusual presentation of ectopic thyroid causing respiratory distress

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 1188
Author(s):  
Sunil Kathuria ◽  
Chikku Sunny
Keyword(s):  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
English Literature ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Upper Airway Obstruction ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid ◽  
Respiratory Obstruction ◽  
Upper Airways ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Foreign Body Inhalation

<p>Internal obstruction of the upper airways can be due to infection, anaphylactic reaction, congenital anomaly, foreign body inhalation or mass. The endoluminal presence of thyroid tissue in the trachea is a rare cause of airway obstruction. Only 14 well documented cases of intratracheal ectopic thyroid tissue have been reported in English literature since 1966. These lesions are mostly benign and nearly all patient present with symptoms of respiratory obstruction. This case report is of a lady who presented with upper airway obstruction due to subglottic ectopic thyroid tissue. An ectopic thyroid gland can develop if its normal migration is halted along this tract during embryogenesis. Subglottic location of ectopic thyroid is extremely rare. However, ectopic thyroid tissue in the larynx should be considered as a possible diagnosis causing upper airway obstruction.</p>

Upper Airway Obstruction Caused by Intratracheal Ectopic Thyroid Tissue during Pregnancy

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun-Young Lee ◽  
Byung Wan Lee ◽  
Jhingook Kim ◽  
Sung Jin Bae ◽  
Tae Sik Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Upper Airway Obstruction ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid Tissue

Recurrent Pregnancy-Related Upper Airway Obstruction Caused by Intratracheal Ectopic Thyroid Tissue

Thyroid ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 955-958 ◽  
Author(s):  
HELLE DØSSING ◽  
KARSTEN E. JØRGENSEN ◽  
ERIK ØSTER-JØRGENSEN ◽  
ANNELISE KROGDAHL ◽  
LASZLO HEGEDÜS
Keyword(s):  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Upper Airway Obstruction ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid Tissue

Tall cell variant of papillary carcinoma arising from ectopic thyroid tissue in the trachea

1999 ◽  
Vol 113 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. K. Hari ◽  
M. J. K. M. Brown ◽  
I. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Papillary Carcinoma ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid ◽  
Tall Cell Variant ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Tall Cell ◽  
Primary Neoplasms ◽  
Cell Variant

AbstractEctopic thyroid tissue within the submucosa of the trachea is a rare cause of upper airway obstruction. Primary neoplasms arising from such thyroid nests are rare. This report describes a case of tall cell variant of papillary carcinoma arising from ectopic thyroid tissue in the trachea.

scholarly journals Tracheal perforation managed by temporary tracheostomy in a horse : clinical communication

2005 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M.N. Saulez ◽  
N.M. Slovis ◽  
A.T. Louden
Keyword(s):  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Conservative Management ◽  
Local Anaesthesia ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Upper Airway Obstruction ◽  
Cervical Region ◽  
Respiratory Obstruction ◽  
Clinical Communication ◽  
Severe Emphysema ◽  
Upper Respiratory

Tracheal trauma with resultant rupture is uncommonly reported in veterinary literature. We report the case of a 16-year-old Thoroughbred gelding that sustained a 1 cm longitudinal perforation of the dorsal tracheal membrane in the proximal cervical region. The horse subsequently developed dyspnoea due to acute upper respiratory obstruction secondary to severe emphysema of the guttural pouches. A temporary tracheostomy caudal to the site of tracheal perforation was performed under local anaesthesia. This procedure helped relieve the upper airway obstruction and aided resolution of the injury by diverting air away from the site of tracheal perforation. After conservative management, the gelding recovered completely.

Mouth and nose resistance in newborn kittens and puppies

1981 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 641-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Mortola ◽  
J. T. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Muscle Tone ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Upper Airway Obstruction ◽  
Upper Airways ◽  
Airway Patency ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Adult Cats

Newborn mammals, including infants, have difficulties in mouth breathing when the nasal passages are occluded. In this study we examined the possibility that differences in the passive mechanical properties of the upper airways could fully explain this behavior. Steady inspiratory flows through the upper airways in anesthetized supine newborn kittens and puppies resulted in upper airway obstruction, even at flows less than those occurring during resting breathing, suggesting that in the unanesthetized condition muscle tone plays an important role in maintaining upper airway patency. Mouth (Rm) and nose (Rn) resistances have been measured during steady expiratory flows with nostrils closed and mouth passively open or nostrils open and mouth closed. In all the newborns, Rn was substantially smaller than Rm. In contrast, the Rn/Rm in adult dogs is greater than unity. In adult cats Rn/Rm is above or below unity depending upon the flow rate, but the ratio is always larger than in newborn kittens. The difference between newborns and adults is entirely due to the small Rn of the newborn, as Rm is not greater in the newborn than in the adult. We conclude that the obligatory nose breathing behavior of newborns is not fully explained by the passive mechanical properties of the upper airways.

Intratracheal Ectopic Thyroid: Case Report and Review

2007 ◽  
Vol 86 (7) ◽  
pp. 406-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bariş Karakullukçu ◽  
M. Güven Güvenç ◽  
Harun Cansiz ◽  
Fatih Öktem ◽  
Büge Öz
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Multinodular Goiter ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid ◽  
External Approach ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid Tissue

Intratracheal ectopic thyroid tissue is a rare abnormality that can cause airway obstruction. The symptoms can easily be confused with those of bronchial asthma. We describe the case of a 40-year-old man with subglottic thyroid tissue and multinodular goiter who had been misdiagnosed earlier with bronchial asthma. After the correct diagnosis was established, the lesion was excised via an external approach. We also discuss the clinical features and management of intratracheal thyroid tissue.

Ectopic, submandibular thyroid causing hyperthyroidism

2011 ◽  
Vol 125 (10) ◽  
pp. 1091-1093 ◽  
Author(s):  
S U Eli ◽  
C Marnane ◽  
R Peter ◽  
S Winter
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
English Literature ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid ◽  
Subsequent Reduction ◽  
Normal Functioning ◽  
Submandibular Region ◽  
Normal Thyroid ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Medication Dosage

AbstractBackground:Ectopic thyroid tissue in the submandibular region is exceptionally rare. Nevertheless, the treating physician should consider this condition within the differential diagnosis of a submandibular mass.Method:Case report of ectopic thyroid tissue presenting as a submandibular mass in a patient with hyperthyroidism, together with a review of the English-literature concerning ectopic thyroid tissue.Conclusion:To our knowledge, this is the first report of ectopic thyroid tissue presenting as a submandibular mass and causing hyperthyroidism. Removal of the submandibular mass resulted in normalisation of thyroid function, and subsequent reduction in the patient's antithyroid medication dosage. Ectopic thyroid tissue should be suspected in any patient with a submandibular mass. Prior to resection of such a lesion, it is essential to ensure that normal, functioning thyroid tissue is present elsewhere. Ectopic thyroid tissue can also present with pathology similar to that affecting the normal thyroid gland.

Upper airway obstruction induced by negative-pressure ventilation in awake healthy subjects

1993 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 546-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sanna ◽  
C. Veriter ◽  
D. Stanescu
Keyword(s):  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Negative Pressure ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Upper Airway Obstruction ◽  
Bipolar Electrode ◽  
Upper Airways ◽  
Negative Pressure Ventilation ◽  
Zero Values

Negative-pressure ventilation (NPV) induces sleep-related upper airway obstruction. However, the precise mechanism and site of upper airway obstruction during NPV have not been worked out. We studied seven awake healthy volunteers (23–30 yr old) in an Emerson tank respirator. Subjects had the head outside the iron lung and breathed through a pneumotachograph, which yielded the airflow (V) signal. Supraglottic pressure (Psg) was measured with a catheter with the tip at the retroepiglottic level. Diaphragmatic electromyograms (EMGdi) were obtained from an esophageal bipolar electrode. Tidal volume was measured with an inductance plethysmograph. Measurements were done at -10, -20, and -30 cmH2O. At each pressure run subjects were asked to repeatedly relax or to actively breathe in phase with the respirator. Subjects had been previously trained to relax during NPV. During the relax runs there was no EMGdi activity. Stridor or wheezing occurred in all seven subjects during the relax runs but not during the active runs. Two patterns were associated with NPV during relax runs. One pattern was decreases in both V and Psg followed by zero values of these indexes, which corresponded to an inspiratory narrowing and closure of the glottis. These changes were visualized by fiber-optic bronchoscopy in one subject. The second pattern was a decrease in V and increase in Psg, which corresponded to an inspiratory supraglottic obstruction. In five subjects a supraglottic pattern was observed, whereas in two subjects glottic closure was seen. We conclude that muscular relaxation during NPV produces a decrease in the caliber of the upper airways at the glottic or supraglottic level. An uncoupling of upper airway muscle activity and the diaphragm might be the mechanism responsible for these changes.

scholarly journals Double Barrel Nasal Trumpets to Prevent Upper Airway Obstruction after Nasal and Non-Nasal Surgery

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Macario Camacho ◽  
Justin M. Wei ◽  
Lauren K. Reckley ◽  
Sungjin A. Song
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Upper Airway Obstruction ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Nasal Surgery ◽  
Upper Airways ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

Objectives. During anesthesia emergence, patients are extubated and the upper airway can become vulnerable to obstruction. Nasal trumpets can help prevent obstruction. However, we have found no manuscript describing how to place nasal trumpets after nasal surgery (septoplasties or septorhinoplasties), likely because (1) the lack of space with nasal splints in place and (2) surgeons may fear that removing the trumpets could displace the splints. The objective of this manuscript is to describe how to place nasal trumpets even with nasal splints in place. Materials and Methods. The authors describe techniques (Double Barrel Technique and Modified Double Barrel Technique) that were developed over three years ago and have been used in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and other patients who had collapsible or narrow upper airways (i.e., morbidly obese patients). Results. The technique described in the manuscript provides a method for placing one long and one short nasal trumpet in a manner that helps prevent postoperative upper airway obstruction. The modified version describes a method for placing nasal trumpets even when there are nasal splints in place. Over one-hundred patients have had nasal trumpets placed without postoperative oxygen desaturations. Conclusions. The Double Barrel Technique allows for a safe emergence from anesthesia in patients predisposed to upper airway obstruction (such as in obstructive sleep apnea and morbidly obese patients). To our knowledge, the Modified Double Barrel Technique is the first description for the use of nasal trumpets in patients who had nasal surgery and who have nasal splints in place.

Sudden Airway Obstruction Due to Pedunculated Laryngeal Polyps

1983 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 340-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey N. Hausfeld ◽  
Eiji Yanagisawa ◽  
Myles L. Pensak
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Upper Airway Obstruction ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Respiratory Obstruction

Acute upper airway obstruction from laryngeal polyps is uncommon. However, a large pedunculated laryngeal polyp, when unrecognized, may produce sudden airway obstruction. The importance of an early diagnosis and treatment is stressed. Primary care physicians, endoscopists, anesthesiologists, and otolaryngologists should be aware of this condition and add it to their differential diagnosis of sudden respiratory obstruction.

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