scholarly journals A study of clinical course and therapeutic response of sexually transmitted infections in people living with HIV/AIDS

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Ram Kanta Halder ◽  
Pradeep Balasubramanian
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Standard Dosage ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) continues to be a major public health problem worldwide. Once a person is infected with HIV, the manifestations of other infections and diseases are altered due to waning of the host immunity.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This study was carried out in HIV reactive patients in Command Hospital, Pune. The types of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in those patients and the response to therapy were studied in detail. The statistical data was expressed as number and percentages.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> In this study, 52 people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) who were having various STIs were included. Majority of the patients in this study belonged to the age group of 20-34 years (75%). The most common STIs encountered were condyloma acuminata (38.45%) followed by syphilis (30.77%), lymphogranuloma venereum, herpes genitalis, chancroid, molluscum contagiosum, gonorrhea and granuloma inguinale. Resistance to antimicrobial therapy at the standard dosage, requirement of higher dosage, resistance and relapse of infections were observed in the patients with PLWH.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Several STIs coexisted with HIV infected patients. Unusual clinical presentations, clinical course and treatment failure in STI were common in HIV infected individuals. Hence all STI patients should be screened for HIV and vice-versa.</p>

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Anemia among People Living with HIV/AIDS Taking ART in Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ketema Bizuwork Gebremedhin ◽  
Tadesse Bedada Haye
Keyword(s):  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background. Globally, anemia, among people living with HIV/AIDS, is a major public health problem. It has a significant effect on the progression of HIV/AIDS to advanced stages and there are a number of factors that often affect anemia. However, there is little insight regarding factors affecting anemia among HIV/AIDS patients in developing countries, including Ethiopia. Objective. This study aimed at investigating factors affecting anemia among people living with HIV/AIDS taking ART drug at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods. A hospital based cross-sectional study design was used to assess factors affecting anemia among people living with HIV/AIDS. Structured checklist was used to gather information from charts of patients selected by simple random sampling method. We analyzed the data to identify factors associated with anemia among people with HIV/AIDS using logistic regression models. Results. A total of 301 selected charts were reviewed. The median age was 38 ± 10.38. The majority (62.5%) of the patients were taking ZDV-containing ART drug (ZDV/3TC/NVP). The overall anemia prevalence was 34.6%, while about 5%, 15.6%, and 14% of the patients had severe, moderate, and mild prevalence of anemia, respectively. Factors that were found to affect anemia among these patients include gender (OR = 2.26 [95% CI: 1.22, 4.16]), occupation (OR: 0.57 [95%CI: 0.35, 0.92]), WBC count (OR = 2.30 [95% CI: 1.29, 4.09]), platelet count (OR = 2.89 [95% CI: 0.99, 8.41]), nutritional status (OR = 2.05 [95% CI: 0.69, 6.02]), and WHO clinical stage of HIV/AIDS (OR = 3.69 [95% CI: 1.86, 7.31]). Conclusions. About one in three patients was found to be anemic. Intervention aimed at diagnosing and treating anemia among people living with HIV/AIDS should be considered.

scholarly journals Physical therapy assistance in neurological disorders in people living with hiv / aids associated with neurotoxoplasmosis: literature review.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brena Farias Pereira ◽  
Anath Raphaelle Cohen ◽  
Yuri Sena Melo
Keyword(s):  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Functional Mobility ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Evidence Database ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Introduction: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) remains a major public health problem, where HIV-infected patients have severe and progressive immune compromise and are responsible for AIDS. Objective: to elucidate possible neurological changes caused by AIDS, as well as to review in the literature the physiotherapeutic role in neurological disorders in people living with HIV / AIDS associated with Neurotoxoplasmosis. Method: Literature revision, using the following databases: VHL (Virtual Health Library), Scielo (A Scientific Electronic Library Online), PubMed (National Library of Medicine), PEDro (Physiotherapy Evidence Database), MEDLINE ( Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online). Articles were selected that met the inclusion criteria. Results: A scarce number of scientific articles was observed in the databases on the subject, corresponding to 04 publications, of the selected studies the physiotherapy techniques used were stretching, isometric strengthening exercises, range of motion exercises, joint mobilization, neuromuscular facilitation proprioceptive and hydrotherapy. Conclusion: It was seen that physical therapy promotes good results in improving the functionality of patients with HIV associated with neurotoxoplasmosis, mainly in balance, functional mobility, motor coordination and motor symptoms, however there was a shortage of articles in relation to physical therapy treatment for people with HIV. associated with neurotoxoplasmosis, it is suggested that new studies of high methodological quality be developed in order to investigate further on this topic for better evidence-based practice.

Epidemiology of HIV and sexually transmitted infections in Thailand

Sexual Health ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 209 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Chandeying
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
National Scale ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Condom Usage ◽  
Sources Of Infection ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Made In ◽  
Hiv Aids

There are very few developing countries in the world where public policy has been effective in preventing the spread of HIV/AIDS on a national scale. Thailand is an exception, a massive program to control HIV has reduced visits to commercial sex workers by half, raised condom usage, decreased sexually transmitted infections dramatically, and achieved substantial reductions in new HIV infections. However, unless past efforts are sustained and new sources of infection are addressed, the striking achievements made in controlling the epidemic could be put at risk. There is a need in Thailand to continue strong HIV/AIDS prevention and education efforts in the future, as well as to provide treatment and care for those living with HIV/AIDS.

scholarly journals Clinico-Epidemiological Profile of Viral Sexually Transmitted Infections in Seropositive Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shikha Chugh ◽  
Vijay Kumar Garg ◽  
Rashmi Sarkar ◽  
Kabir Sardana
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
North India ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Hiv Seropositive

Sexually transmitted diseases are a major public health problem both in developing and in developed countries, and especially with the co-synergy with HIV infection, there is an increasing need to have a proper understanding of the clinicodemographic patterns of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) for planning and implementing control strategies. Worldwide, there is an increased preponderance of viral STIs. Increasing incidence and altered clinical presentation of viral STIs in patients with HIV pose a diagnostic challenge; thereby, we studied the demographic profile of HIV-seropositive patients and compared clinical manifestations of viral STIs in HIV-seropositive patients to those in seronegative individuals. Twenty-seven HIV-seropositive patients with viral STI (herpes/molluscum/warts) and same number of age-, sex-, and STI-matched seronegative patients were studied for variability in clinical profile. There were significant differences in the demographic factors (education, income, and migration) and sexual practices (number of contacts and source of infection) in the 2 groups. Lesional symptoms, increased extent of lesions, and resistance to treatment were significantly more common in HIV-seropositive patients.

scholarly journals Knowledge Attitude and Awareness toward People Living with HIV/AIDS among Engineering College Students of Pondicherry, India

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
S. Lokesh Kumar ◽  
V. Pragadeesh Raja ◽  
M. Jasmine
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Human Immune System ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unprotected Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Introduction: The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a great global public health problem caused by a retrovirus that infects cells of the human immune system, destroying or impairing their function. In the early stages of infection, the person has no symptoms. HIV can be transmitted through unprotected sexual intercourse, transfusion of contaminated blood, through contaminated needles and between a mother and her infant. In 2017, globally, 36.9 million people are living with HIV and 940000 people died from HIV related causes. The total number of people living with HIV in India is estimated at 21.40 lakhs people in 2017. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was done among college students from engineering colleges in Pondicherry from April 2018 to September 2018. The selection of study subjects was done using simple random sampling. After getting informed consent from the individuals a pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaire was administered. Data were entered on and analysed using Microsoft Excel spreadsheets. Descriptive statistics were used and results were expressed as proportions.  Results: The majority of the students, about 92.4% had heard about HIV/AIDS, about 92.4% of the participants were aware that HIV can spread through body fluids such as blood, sexual contact, urine. More than half 52.7% of students are aware that migrant workers, lorry drivers, commercial sex workers are high-risk groups for HIV/AIDS. 68.8% of students don’t know their HIV status. 65.2% were not willing to isolate HIV infected people from society. Conclusion: There is an immediate need for more health education and awareness campaign among students about HIV/AIDS. The Ministry of Education found better methods  to deliver the necessary information about HIV/AIDS through the Internet, social media and mobile applications, information hotlines, pamphlets and printed educational  materials.

Undetected anogenital sexually transmitted infections among young adults living with HIV and receiving antiretroviral therapy: Implications for HIV treatment as prevention

2021 ◽  
pp. 095646242110465
Author(s):  
Seth C Kalichman ◽  
Lisa A Eaton ◽  
Moira O Kalichman
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Treatment As Prevention ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Art Adherence ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Condomless Anal Intercourse ◽  
Living With Hiv

Undetected sexually transmitted infections (STIs) pose health threats to people living with HIV and when combined with uncontrolled HIV can amplify HIV transmission. The current study screened 174 self-identified men under age 36 living with HIV and receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) for urethral and rectal incident chlamydia and gonorrhea infections. Participants were also screened for biomarkers indicating alcohol and other drug use, subclinical genital inflammation, and HIV viral load. ART adherence and sexual behaviors were also assessed prospectively over 1 month. Results detected an undiagnosed STI in 32 (18%) individuals. Participants with a previously undetected STI had significantly greater HIV viremia than those who did not have an STI after controlling for several confounding variables. Participants with an undetected STI also engaged in greater condomless anal intercourse with HIV negative and unknown status partners, including partners to whom they had not disclosed their HIV status. These findings show that undetected STI are associated with incomplete ART adherence and unsuppressed HIV, all of which are important for preventing HIV transmission.

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