A Cross Sectional Study of Incidence of Alcohol Consumption in Patients Admitted with Traumatic Injury in the Department of Surgery, Maharaja Yashwant Rao Hospital, Indore

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (27) ◽  
pp. 2462-2466
Author(s):  
Paresh Sodhiya ◽  
Khushal Rao Hurmade ◽  
Sanjay Mahajan ◽  
Gajendra Dandotiya ◽  
Manisankar Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Alcohol Concentration ◽  
Traumatic Injury ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Alcohol Concentration ◽  
P Value ◽  
Blood Alcohol ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Breath Analyzer ◽  
History Of

BACKGROUND The number of trauma cases is increasing day by day in our setup. Daily 10-15 patients of trauma came to MYH, we found that among these patients many patients have under the influence of alcohol. Alcohol consumption is the leading cause of trauma and reason for visitation to emergency department. We wanted to prospectively study the incidence of alcoholism in victims of trauma admitted in Dept of surgery, MYH Indore and correlate the severity of trauma in relation to blood alcohol concentration. METHODS This cross sectional study conducted at Maharaja Yashwant Rao Hospital from January 2019 to march 2020 and it includes all patients 16 years and above with traumatic injury admitted in Department of Surgery. Breath analyzer test will be done on all patients and levels will be documented. RESULTS In our study head injury (73.6 %) was the most common type of injury in which breath analyzer testing was found positive in 82 %,followed by burn (12.7 %) in which breath analyzer testing was found positive in 2.1 %, followed by poly trauma (4 %) in which breath analyzer testing was found positive in 4.3 %, followed by blunt trauma chest (2.4 %) in which breath testing was found positive in 2.7 %, followed by limbs (0.7 %) in which breath analyzer testing was found positive in 0.9 %. CONCLUSIONS In our study we have found that out of total 3105 patients history of alcoholism is present in 1420 patients while breath alcohol analyzing test positive in 2072 patients and there is significance relationship between trauma and history of alcoholism with the p value of <0.0001. We also found that significant relationship between trauma and breath alcohol analyzing testing with the p value of <0.0001. KEYWORDS Glasgow Coma Scale, Blood Alcohol Concentration, Road Traffic Accidents, Emergency Department, Breath Analyzer

scholarly journals Drinking behaviours and blood alcohol concentration in four European drinking environments: a cross-sectional study

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Hughes ◽  
Zara Quigg ◽  
Mark A Bellis ◽  
Ninette van Hasselt ◽  
Amador Calafat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Alcohol Concentration ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Alcohol Concentration ◽  
Blood Alcohol ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Incidence and Risk Factors of Post-Operative Delirium in Elderly Patients Who Underwent Spinal Anesthesia in Orotta, Halibet and Sembel Hospitals: A Cross Sectional Study in Eritrea

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Michael Beraki Mengistu ◽  
◽  
Yonatan Mehari Andemeske ◽  
AriamTsegay Emhatsion ◽  
HabtomTareke Wrieta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Spinal Anesthesia ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of

Background: Delirium is a common but often underdiagnosed set of transient symptoms often seen in elderly patients following surgeries under spinal anesthesia. With early recognition and diagnosis based on the established standard criteria delirium can be improved. Early identification of the possible contributingfactors and the magnitude of the burden will help in the management of the fragile elderly patients. The aim of this study is to determine the incidence of postoperative delirium and associated risk factors in elderly patients who have done surgery under spinal anesthesia. Method: This cross sectional study was conducted in the National Referral Hospitals and Sembel PrivateHospital, in Asmara, Eritrea from February to May, 2019. The study participants were elderly patients (age ≥65 years) having no known history of dementia or delirium or no mental disorder, no history of acute cerebrovascular disease. Basic background and clinical characteristics of the patients was collected. To assess the status of cognitive impairment level, the Mini Mental State Examination and Confusion Assessment Method tools were used. Data was collected through an interview method. After the data was entered into SPSS version 22 software, data was analyzed with frequency, percentage, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis method as appropriate. P value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The mean age of the participants was 74 ±6.62 and 102 (79.1%) of the participants were males. POD occurred in 14 (10.9%) of the patients. Adjusting all the potential factors, age was identified as arisk factor for developing POD. Conclusion: Age was determined to be a significant risk factor of delirium. Elderly patients require more attention and care and the findings might help to develop preventive strategies to the occurrence of POD

scholarly journals Prevalence of substance use among trauma patients treated in a Brazilian emergency room

2006 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Diehl Reis ◽  
Neliana Buzi Figlie ◽  
Ronaldo Laranjeira
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Emergency Room ◽  
Blood Alcohol Concentration ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Alcohol Concentration ◽  
World Health ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Blood Alcohol ◽  
Emergency Rooms ◽  
Cross Sectional

OBJECTIVE: Although there is a considerable amount of data in the literature regarding the association between alcohol consumption and injuries treated in emergency rooms, little is known about the relationship between such injury and the use of other substances. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of substance use in patients admitted to the emergency room for non-fatal injuries. METHOD: A prospective cross-sectional study assessing all patients admitted to the emergency room within 6 hours after a non-fatal injury was conducted over a three-month period. The following were used as measures of alcohol and drug use: a standardized World Health Organization questionnaire; a self-administered questionnaire related to drug consumption within the 24 hours preceding contact; the Drug Abuse Screening Test; urine screens for cannabis, cocaine and benzodiazepines; and determination of blood alcohol concentration. Descriptive analyses were performed and the confidence interval used was 95%. RESULTS: A total of 353 patients were included. Cannabis and cocaine screens were conducted for 242 patients and benzodiazepine screens were conducted for 166. Blood alcohol concentrations reached the level of positivity in 11% (n = 39), and 10% (n = 33) presented some degree of intoxication. Among the 242 patients screened, 13.6% (n = 33) tested positive for cannabis, and 3.3% (n = 8) tested positive for cocaine, whereas 4.2% (n = 7) of the 166 patients screened tested positive for benzodiazepines. CONCLUSIONS: Substance use was highly prevalent among these individuals. In this sample, the frequency for the use of cannabis (an illicit drug) was comparable to that of alcohol. More studies are needed in order to characterize such use among Brazilians and to develop proper approaches to such cases, with the aim of reducing substance use and its consequences.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Anemia and Its Association with Handgrip Strength in Indonesian Elderly Population: A Cross-Sectional Study Using Indonesian Family Life Survey Data Year 2014-2015

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noorwati Sutandyo ◽  
Ikhwan Rinaldi ◽  
Nina Kemala Sari ◽  
Kevin Winston
Keyword(s):  
Family Life ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hemoglobin Level ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

Abstract Aim This study aimed to elucidate the prevalence of anemia in Indonesian elderly population aged ≥60 years old and to analyze its association with handgrip strength in the elderly. Method This was a cross-sectional study using data from Indonesian Family Life Survey-5 (IFLS-5). All participants aged ≥60 years old were included in this study. Exclusion criteria were: (1) respondents who refused to take health measurements (hemoglobin level, handgrip strength, weight, stature, and waist circumference); (2) respondents with incomplete or missing data; (3) respondents with history of stroke; and (4) respondents with history of pain, swelling, inflammation, injury, and surgery on one or both hands within the last 6 months. The dependent variable for this study was handgrip strength. The independent variables were hemoglobin level, gender, age, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, smoking history, comorbidities, and current use of drug therapies. Statistical analyses included correlation, bivariable, and multivariable analyses. Result A total of 3192 individuals were selected for analysis. Overall, 38.8% of participants aged ≥60 years had anemia based on definition of anemia by WHO. There was a positive correlation between hemoglobin level and handgrip strength in Indonesian elderly population (r: 0.349; p value: 0.000). Multivariable analysis showed that anemia was significantly associated with weak handgrip strength (OR: 1.557; 95% CI: 1.314-1.846; p value: 0.000). This association was stronger for males and elderly aged ≥80 years old. Conclusion Based on the results, anemia was associated with weak handgrip strength in Indonesian elderly population and it is more pronounced in males and elderly aged ≥80 years old.

scholarly journals Correlation Between Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver and Chronic Kidney Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Hasyim Kasim ◽  
St. Rabiul Zatalia ◽  
Haerani Rasyid ◽  
Syakib Bakri ◽  
Muhammad L. Parewangi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Independent Risk Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
History Of ◽  
Grade 3

Background: NAFLD is an independent risk factor of CKD. CKD prevalences in NAFLD subjects are two times higher than non-NAFLD. The aim of this study is to know the correlation between NAFLD and CKD. Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted on patients who held Abdominal USG in Wahidin Sudirohusodo & UNHAS hospital from January to December 2017. NAFLD subjects are male and female (18-60 years) who met NAFLD criteria and wanted to participate, non-NAFLD as control subjects. NAFLD is fat accumulation in hepatocyte without a history of alcohol consumption or other etiology of chronic liver disease. CKD definition and classification were based on KDIGO 2012. P value <0.05 was considered to be significant. Results: From the study period, we found 134 subjects (67 NAFLD subjects and 67 non-NAFLD subjects). Correlation analysis between NAFLD and eGFR showed that NAFLD subjects had more proportion of eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73m2 than non-NAFLD subjects (40.3% vs 16.4%, p=0.002). NAFLD subjects significantly had more proportion of CKD Grade 3 than non-NAFLD subjects (37.3% vs 9%) while non-NAFLD subjects had more proportion of CKD Grade 1 and 2 than NAFLD subjects (56.7% vs 38.8% dan 26.9% vs 20.9%)(p=0.001). Correlation analysis between NAFLD and proteinuria did not show significant results (p=0.051). Conclusion: NAFLD subjects correlated with CKD events compared with non-NAFLD subjects.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Oral Leukoplakia in 9954 Central Indian Patients: a Prospective, Cross-sectional Study

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trushna Rahangdale ◽  
Tushar Phulambrikar ◽  
Tanvi Dosi ◽  
Vihang Naphade ◽  
Gauri Barkalle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central India ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Oral Leukoplakia ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
History Of

Abstract Introduction India is one of the leading producers and consumer of tobacco. Additionally, India has one of the highest global prevalence of oral leukoplakia (OL). However, large epidemiological studies from Madhya Pradesh (Central India), the state with maximum consumers of tobacco products in India, are lacking. Objective Thus, we assessed the prevalence of OL among individuals residing in Central India and evaluated its association with age, gender, and history of adverse habits. Methods This was a prospective, cross-sectional study involving 9954 patients visiting the out-patient Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology over a period of 15 months (January 2019 to March 2020). The clinical diagnosis of OL was arrived by exclusion of all the lesions mimicking OL. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to assess the association between OL and age, sex, and history of adverse habits. Results The prevalence of OL was 5.6% (557/9954). It was predominant in males (male-to-female ratio=3.9:1) and increased with advancing age. The odds of developing OL was higher among patients aged ≥50 years (OR=1.08; 95%CI: 1.07–1.08, p-value<0.0001), those with history of smoking tobacco (OR=1.32; 95%CI: 1.05–1.68, p-value=0.02), consuming smokeless tobacco (OR=318.60; 95%CI: 101.68–998.30, p-value<0.0001), and alcohol (OR=1.15; 95%CI: 9.0–1.49, p-value=0.269). Females had lower odds of developing OL (OR=0.77; 95%CI: 0.60–0.99, p-value=0.042). Conclusion We observed high prevalence of OL (5.6%). OL was significantly associated with older age, male sex, and tobacco-related adverse habits. While, alcohol consumption may possibly be a risk factor, no statistically significant relation was observed.

scholarly journals Non-compliance to social distancing during COVID-19 pandemic: A comparative cross-sectional study between the developed and developing countries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faiqa Binte Aamir ◽  
Syeda Maria Ahmad Zaidi ◽  
Saadia Abbas ◽  
Syed Roohan Aamir ◽  
Syed Nauman Ahmad Zaidi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Prior History ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
History Of

Background: Despite mass vaccination campaigns, the world has seen a steady rise in the number of SARS-CoV-2 cases, with 178,765,626 cases and 3,869,994 COVID-19 related deaths by June 19th, 2021. Therefore, it is important to enforce social distancing to control its spread. With the variation observed in the severity of the pandemic in different countries, it is also imperative to study the social distancing behaviors amongst the population in developed and developing countries.Design and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 384 participants from 14 different countries were surveyed via an online REDCap form.Results: In this study, it was highlighted that despite adequate knowledge, the overall compliance to COVID-19 related preventive measures remains poor, the lowest being in the senior age group (≥ 65 years), and the highest being in adults aged between 25-64 years (p-value =0.003). Population from the developing countries were more compliant to all preventative measures against COVID-19 spread, except for handwashing, where the difference between the two populations remained insignificant (p-value = 0.038, <0.001, 0.016). Socioeconomic status, prior history of COVID-19 infection, or presence of comorbidities did not significantly affect compliance rates, however, participants with no prior history of this infection were found to be more compliant to donning a mask in public as compared to those with a positive history (p-value = 0.044). Conclusions: Since compliance remains subpar in both the developing and the developed countries, mass campaigns about COVID-19 related preventive measures remain essential in controlling the disease spread.

scholarly journals Non-Compliance To Social Distancing During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study Between the Developed and Developing Countries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faiqa Binte Aamir ◽  
Syeda Maria Ahmad Zaidi ◽  
Saadia Abbas ◽  
Syed Roohan Aamir ◽  
Syed Nauman Ahmad Zaidi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Prior History ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Preventative Measures ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background: As of June 19th, 2021, there have been 178,765,626 reported COVID-19 cases and confirmed 3,869,994 COVID-19 related deaths. Despite the mass vaccination campaigns, number of SARS-CoV-2 infection cases continue to rise. Therefore, it’s important to control its spread for which the most potent method remains social distancing. Due to the diversity in the severity of the effect of the pandemic on different countries, it’s imperative to study the social distancing behavior among population in the developed and developing countries where the factors such as socioeconomic status, education, overpopulation, religious beliefs, and misconceptions play a role in altering the population’s behavior. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 384 participants from 14 different countries were surveyed via an online REDCap form. Results: In this study it was highlighted that although the knowledge regards to COVID-19 pandemic and its related prevention remains high, the overall compliances in both the developed and developing countries remain poor, the lowest being in the senior age group (≥ 65 years). It was found that out of all the age groups, adults aged between 25–64 years were the most compliant to social distancing. (p value = 0.003) Population from the developing countries were more compliant to all preventative measures against COVID-19 spread except for in handwashing compliance where the difference between the two populations remains insignificant. (p value = 0.038, < 0.001, 0.016) Socioeconomic status, prior history of COVID-19 infection or presence of comorbidities did not significantly affect compliance rates however, participants with no prior history of this infection were found to be more compliant to donning a mask in public as compared to those with a positive history of SARS-CoV-2 infection. (p value = 0.044) Additionally, participants with no family history for comorbidities in developing countries had a higher hand washing and mask compliance as compared to those who had a positive family history. (p value = 0.035) Conclusion: Mass campaigns about awareness related to the preventative measures against COVID-19 remain essential in controlling the disease spread as despite having an overall high COVID-19 related literacy, compliance remains subpar in both developing and developed countries.

scholarly journals Problematic Khat Use Among Prisoners in Debre Berhan Prison, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaleab Berhanu ◽  
Yohannes Gebreegziabhere Haile ◽  
Asnake Limenhe ◽  
Kassahun Habatmu ◽  
Atalay Alem
Keyword(s):  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Controlled Drugs ◽  
Khat Use ◽  
Debre Berhan ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background Cathine and cathinone which are the main psychostimulant components of khat, a green leaf chewed by many people in Yemen and East Africa for recreational purposes are controlled drugs by the UN, but khat chewing is legal in those countries. There are reports on the prevalence of khat use and its association with some health problems and alteration of behavior in communities of those countries. However, there is lack of evidence on the prevalence and associated factors of problematic khat use (PKU) among prisoners. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of PKU among prisoners of Debre Berhan prison in Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess history of PKU among prisoners before imprisonment at Debre Berhan prison. Randomly selected 347 prisoners were interviewed using Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST) to screen for PKU in May 2017. Data were entered using Epi-Data version 3.1 and analyzed using Stata version 13 software. Bivariate and multivariable binary logistic regressions were conducted. Crude odds ratio and adjusted odds ratio (AOR), with 95% confidence interval (CI), are reported. Variables with p-value of < 0.05 were reported to be significantly associated with PKU. Results About one-third (28.5%) of the prisoners had PKU before imprisonment. Factors significantly associated with increased odds of PKU included being non-Orthodox Christian in religion (AOR = 18.1; 95% CI= (3.8, 85.8)), infrequent visit to worship place irrespective of religion (AOR = 2.9; 95% CI= (1.1, 7.9)), being urban resident (AOR = 22.0; 95% CI= (7.7, 62.9)), perception that the current offence is related to using the substance (AOR = 6.0; 95% CI= (2.8, 12.8)), family history of substance use (AOR = 4.1; 95% CI= (1.2, 14.6)), and living alone before imprisonment (AOR = 3.55; 95% CI= (1.2, 10.7)). Whereas, being married was significantly associated with lower odds of PKU (AOR = 0.3; 95% CI= (0.0, 0.8)). Conclusion Higher prevalence of PKU before imprisonment is reported in this population. In addition to other socio-demographic factors that showed association with use of the substance, current offence that led to imprisonment was also perceived as related to PKU. To prevent crime and health-related consequences of PKU in the community integrated action is recommended.

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