scholarly journals Risk Factors for Germinal Matrix Haemorrhage-Intraventricular Haemorrhage in Very Low Birth Weight Infants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdollah Dehvari ◽  
Mahmoud Imani ◽  
Ebrahim Abdollahi ◽  
Reza Behmadi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Apgar Score ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Germinal Matrix ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Minute Apgar Score

Germinal matrix hemorrhage-intraventricular hemorrhage (GMH-IVH) mainly occurs in preterm neonates and is an important cause of brain injury in them. In this retrospective cross-sectional study from march 2017 to march 2018 in our teaching hospitals, we investigated 250 newborns who were admitted to NICU with a birth weight under 1500 grams with ultrasonographic study for presence and grade of GMH-IVH in their first week of life. Risk factors for GMH-IVH were collected from their records and results been analyzed with SPSS software. From 250 neonates who had inclusion criteria of the study, 22 cases had GMH-IVH in ultrasonographic evaluation. 37.6% of all cases and 31.8% of newborns with GMH-IVH had a 5-minute APGAR score of less than six. 91 cases (39.9%) of the control group and 15 cases (68.1%) of the GMH-IVH group need resuscitation at birth. Of 250 cases 54 (21.6%) died, that 14 cases (63.6%) had GMH-IVH. Our study shows significant differences for birth weight, 5 minute APGAR score, and the need for resuscitation at birth as risk factors for the development of GMH-IVH in very low birth weight neonates, but we do not find a significant difference group in terms of gestational age, gender, route of delivery, fetal presentation, maternal parity, CBC parameters, sepsis, RDS, endotracheal tube suctioning and multiple pregnancies for them. In our study, the protective value for antenatal steroid therapy depends on the completion of the course of treatment for mothers.

Neonatal Outcome of Babies Born to Women 40 Years and Older in a Jamaican Birth Cohort

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Trotman ◽  
Maureen Samms-Vaughan ◽  
Charlene Coore-Desai ◽  
Jody-Ann Reece ◽  
Oluwayomi Olugbuyi
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Apgar Score ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Minute Apgar Score

Objective The study aimed to determine the outcome of babies born to women ≥40 years in a Jamaican birth cohort. Patients and Methods Maternal demographic data and neonatal data for women ≥40 years who delivered live singleton babies and their younger counterparts aged 20 30 years were extracted from the JA KIDS birth cohort dataset. Outcome measures were preterm birth, low birth weight, very low birth weight, extremely low birth weight, macrosomia, a low 5-minute Apgar score <7, admission to the neonatal unit, and neonatal death. Descriptive analyses were performed; statistical significance was taken at the level p <0.05. Results A total of 5,424 women and their babies were entered into the study, 5,099 (94%) women were aged 20 to 30 years (mean age ± standard deviation [SD]: 24.5 ± 3.2 years) and 325 (6%) were aged ≥40 years (mean age ± SD: 41.5 ± 1.6 years). A greater percentage of preterm babies (18%) were born to women ≥40 years than to their younger counterparts (14%; p = 0.04). There was no difference in the proportion of low birth weight infants, very low birth weight infants, or extremely low birth weight infants born between the two groups (p > 0.05). There was also no significant difference in the proportion of babies who were macrosomic and in those who had a low 5-minute Apgar score <7. There were 866 (16%) neonatal admissions, 67/325 (21%) of these babies were born to women aged ≥40 years and 799/5,099 (16%) were born to their younger counterparts (p = 0.01). The commonest reason for admission was prematurity. While 60 babies died, there was no significant difference between both groups with 56 (1%) born to women 20 to 30 years and 4 (1%) born to women ≥40 years (p = 0.48). Conclusion Adverse outcomes noted for babies born to women ≥40 years were prematurity and the need for neonatal admission. However, no excess mortality was recorded. Key Points

scholarly journals Preventive Effect of Bifidobacterium Supplementation on Neonatal Cholestasis in Preterm Neonates with Very Low Birth Weight

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Gaohong Wu ◽  
Xiaoqian Chen ◽  
Ningxun Cui ◽  
Yunxia He ◽  
Jiaying Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Group Versus ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Neonatal Cholestasis ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Significant Difference

Background. Cholestasis is a common but serious clinical condition in preterm neonates. The current management for preterm neonatal cholestasis has limitations. The aim of this study was to determine effects of Bifidobacterium supplementation on the prevention and alleviation of cholestasis in preterm infants with very low birth weight. Methods. Preterm neonates with very low birth weight were enrolled in the Children’s Hospital of Soochow University between December 2012 and December 2017. The patients were randomly assigned into Bifidobacterium and control groups, and effects of Bifidobacterium supplementation on the outcomes were compared between the two groups. Results. There was no significant difference in the baseline characteristics in the two groups. Notably, the proportion of cases with neonatal cholestasis was significantly lower, with fewer neonatal cholestasis-associated complications in the Bifidobacterium group compared with the control group (6% versus 22%, P<0.01). Furthermore, the Bifidobacterium group exhibited less severe cholestasis and better improvement of the liver function than the control group as evidenced by the biochemical tests (P<0.05). Finally, comparison of the other outcomes revealed that significant shorter duration of hospitalization (14.45±2.13 versus 16.12±2.22 days, P<0.01), fewer days to reach the full enteral feeding (9.2±2.11 versus 12±5.67 days, P<0.01), shorter duration of meconium passage (5.0±3.6 versus 6.6±3.38 days, P<0.05), lower proportion of cases on fasting and duration of fasting (0.8% versus 5.6%, P<0.05 and 3.0±1.6 versus 5.6±2.38 days, P<0.01, respectively), and shorter duration of weight gain to normal (4.77±2.49 versus 6.87±2.71 days, P<0.01) in the Bifidobacterium group versus the control group. Conclusions. Bifidobacterium supplementation has significantly preventive and other beneficial effects on the management of cholestasis in preterm infants with very low birth weight. Its long-term safety and effectiveness will need further investigation. This trial is registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Registration No. ChiCTR1900022296).

scholarly journals Probiotics to prevent necrotising enterocolitis and nosocomial infection in very low birth weight preterm infants

2017 ◽  
Vol 117 (7) ◽  
pp. 994-1000 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Uberos ◽  
E. Aguilera-Rodríguez ◽  
A. Jerez-Calero ◽  
M. Molina-Oya ◽  
A. Molina-Carballo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Necrotising Enterocolitis ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Probiotic Supplementation ◽  
Late Onset Sepsis ◽  
Reduced Risk

AbstractThe aim of the study was to determine whether routine probiotic supplementation (RPS) with Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) or Lactobacillus acidophilus +Lactobacillus bifidum is associated with reduced risk of necrotising enterocolitis (NEC)≥Stage II in preterm neonates born at ≤32 weeks’ gestation. We conducted a retrospective cohort study on the effect of probiotic supplementation in very low birth weight infants in our neonatal unit by comparing two periods: before and after supplementation. The incidence of NEC≥Stage II, late-onset sepsis and all-cause mortality was compared for an equal period ‘before’ (Period I) and ‘after’ (Period II) RPS with LGG or L. acidophillus+L. bifidum. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to adjust for relevant confounders. The study population was composed of 261 neonates (Period I v. II: 134 v. 127) with comparable gestation duration and birth weights. In <32 weeks, we observed a significant reduction in NEC≥Stage II (11·3 v. 4·8 %), late-onset sepsis (16 v. 10·5 %) and mortality (19·4 v. 2·3 %). The benefits in neonates aged ≤27 weeks did not reach statistical significance. RPS with LGG or L. acidophillus+L. bifidum is associated with a reduced risk of NEC≥Stage II, late-onset sepsis and mortality in preterm neonates born at ≤32 weeks’ gestation.

scholarly journals High Blood Pressure during Pregnancy is not a Protective Factor for Preterm Infants with Very Low Birth Weight. A Case-Control Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (04) ◽  
pp. 155-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annibal Sabino ◽  
Eduardo de Souza ◽  
Ana Goulart ◽  
Adriana Lima ◽  
Nelson Sass
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Case Control ◽  
World Health ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Study

Objective To evaluate whether the presence of maternal blood pressure reduces the risks of morbidity, perinatal mortality and morbidity at 24 months of age in very low birth weight infants (VLBWIs) compared with a control group. Methods A retrospective, observational, case-control study. Total 49 VLBWIs were allocated to the study group, called the maternal arterial hypertension group (AHG), and matched with 44 in the control group (CG). The infants were assessed during hospitalization and at 12 and 24 months corrected age at a specialized clinic. For the assessment of growth, the World Health Organization (WHO) Anthro software (Geneva, 2006) was used, and for the psychomotor assessment, the Denver II test was used. Results In relation to the antenatal variables, the infants of the AHG had more centralized circulation assessed by Doppler, received more corticosteroids and magnesium sulfate, and were born by cesarean section more frequently. In terms of the postnatal and in-hospital outcomes, the AHG had a higher gestational age at birth (30.7 versus 29.6 weeks) and a lower frequency of 5-minute Apgar scores of less than 7 (26.5% versus 52.3%). The CG had a higher rate of pulmonary dysplasia (30.2% versus 8.3%). There were no differences in terms of hospital mortality, complications, somatic growth and functional problems at 24 months of corrected age. Conclusion The presence of maternal hypertension, especially preeclampsia, was not a protective factor against morbidity, mortality and evolution in VLBWIs aged up to 24 months. Therefore, the clinical practice should be focused on prolonging the pregnancy for as long as possible in these conditions as well.

scholarly journals Persistent candidemia in very low birth weight neonates: risk factors and clinical significance

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinjian Fu ◽  
Yanling Ding ◽  
Yongjiang Jiang ◽  
Shengfu Mo ◽  
Shaolin Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Persistent Candidemia

Effect of short term recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) therapy in the prevention of anemia of prematurity (AOP) in very low birth weight (VLBW) neonates

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 119-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
BHN Yasmeen ◽  
MAKA Chowdhury ◽  
MM Hoque ◽  
MM Hossain ◽  
R Jahan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Recombinant Human Erythropoietin ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Human Erythropoietin ◽  
Anaemia Of Prematurity

Premature infants especially those with birth weight <1500 g suffer from Anaemia of prematurity (AOP) and associated problems. Erythropoietin therapy is a safe effective way to prevent and to treat anaemia of prematurity. To evaluate the effect of short term administration of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) with iron and folic acid in very low birth weight (VLBW) neonates in the prevention of anaemia of prematurity. A randomized controlled trial was carried out at Dhaka Shishu Hospital. Sixty preterm very low birth weight (PTVLBW) babies were enrolled in this study. Thirty were assigned to rHuEPO group and 30 as control. Baseline haematologic values were estimated before administration of rHuEPO. From day 7 of life rHuEPO-200 IU/kg/dose subcutaneously every alternate day for 2 weeks was administered to rHuEPO group. All infants in both groups have received oral iron, folic acid from day 14. Clinical and haematological assessment was done at 6 and 10 weeks of life. Baseline clinical characteristics and haematologic values were almost similar in both groups. This study has shown increase in haematological values(haemoglobin and haematocrit) and reduction in the number of blood transfusions during both the 1st and 2nd follow up in rHuEPO group in comparison to control group (p<0.01). Short term rHuEPO appears to be very effective in prevention of Anaemia of prematurity. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bmrcb.v38i3.14340 Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2012; 38(3): 119-123 (December)

scholarly journals Effect of Oral Erythropoietin in Prevention of Anemia of Prematurity

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-109
Author(s):  
Md Jamshed Alam ◽  
Md Kamrul Ahsan Khan ◽  
Nazmun Nahar ◽  
Sanjoy Kumer Dey ◽  
Md A Mannan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Anemia Of Prematurity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii

Introduction: Anemia of prematurity (AOP) is a common problem of very low birth weight babies. Blood transfusion is a necessity when it occurs in moderate to severe form putting the child in to the risk of transfusion related complications. Erythropoietin, a potent stimulator of hemopoesis is available in breast milk in good amount and absorbed intact under physiologic condition. In this background oral recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) can be a useful alternative to its subcutaneous administration in prevention of AOP.Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of oral rhEPO in the prevention of AOP in very low birth weight (VLBW) neonates.Methods: This randomized controlled study conducted in the NICU of BSMMU over one year. Total 60 preterm (<34 weeks)VLBW (<1500g) infants were enrolled and randomly divided into Control (group-I), Oral (group-II) and Subcutaneous (group III). Experimental groups (group-II & group-III) received rhEPO 400 IU/Kg, 3 times weekly in oral and subcutaneous (S/C) route respectively and continued for 2 weeks (Total 6 doses). Therapy was initiated 14 days after birth when the baby achieved oral feeding of at least 50 ml/kg/day of breast milk. All infants received oral iron and folic acid supplementation up to 12 weeks of postnatal age. Transfusion data were recorded. Anthropometric and hematological assessments were done at 2, 4, 6 and 12 weeks of age.Results: Baseline clinical characteristics and hematological values were almost similar in all groups. Mean hemoglobin were 11.34±0.68gm/dl, 11.88±0.54gm/dl& 12.12±1.32 gm/dl, the mean hematocrit were 34.11±2.03%, 35.66±1.65% & 36.38±3.97% and the mean reticulocyte were 7.56±2.48%, 9.85±1.50% & 9.22±3.11% in the control, oral and subcutaneous group respectively and the differences are statistically significant (p<0.05).Weight gain was higher in the intervention group at 6 and 12 weeks follow up than the control group(p<0.05).Only 2 (5.25%) infants, one in each of the intervention groups required blood transfusion, compared to 6 (31.5%) infants in control group (p<0.01).Conclusion: Oral EPO is as good as subcutaneous use of EPO in stimulating erythropoesis, maintaining HCT and Hb at high level and is safe in preterm baby.Bangladesh J Child Health 2017; VOL 41 (2) :101-109

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