The Morphological Features of Adaptation of the Yeast of the Genus Saccharomyces to Extreme Values of Glucose and Ethanol

2020 ◽  
pp. 95-101
Author(s):  
Elvira A. Islammagomedova ◽  
Eslanda A. Khalilova ◽  
Svetlana Ts. Kotenko ◽  
Aida A. Abakarova ◽  
Dinara A. Aliverdieva
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Values ◽  
Surface Profile ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Ethanol Stress ◽  
Extreme Conditions ◽  
Haploid Strain ◽  
Food Biotechnology ◽  
Round Shape ◽  
Granular Cytoplasm ◽  
Selection Of

The influence of extreme values of glucose and ethanol on the morphological properties of the yeast of the genus Saccharomyces was studied. The ability of strains S. cerevisiae Y-503, S. cerevisiae DAW-3a, and S. oviformis M-12X to adapt to stress was found. The dependence of the functional state and morphological properties of the studied strains on ploidy was shown. It was established that the cell forms of S. cerevisiae Y-503 and S. oviformis M-12X were diverse, the cells of the haploid strain S. cerevisiae DAW-3a were characterized by a round shape and smaller sizes compared to the polyploid strain Y-503 and diploid M-12X. Adaptation to different concentrations of glucose was accompanied by a change in the shape of the cells Y-503 and DAW-3a, while the sizes of cells were practically un-changed. Under conditions of simultaneous osmotic and ethanol stress in the cells of the studied strains, the presence of granular cytoplasm was revealed, which is associated with the accumulation of reserve nutrients. A change in the shape of the cells, form, surface, profile, color, size of colonies was detected. The study of the properties of the yeast of the genus Saccharomyces in the process of adaptation to extreme conditions may serve as the basis for the selection of strains that are promising for use in food biotechnology.

scholarly journals Distortion Effects in Equal Area Unit Maps

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jochen Schiewe
Keyword(s):  
Hot Spots ◽  
Extreme Values ◽  
Generation Process ◽  
Equal Area ◽  
Topological Relationships ◽  
Area Unit ◽  
Task Oriented ◽  
Local Topology ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Local Extreme

AbstractMaps that correctly represent the geographic size and shape of regions, taking into account scaling and generalization, have the disadvantage that small regions can easily be overlooked or not seen at all. Hence, for some map use tasks where small regions are of importance, alternative map types are needed. One option is the so-called equal area unit maps (EAUMs), where every enumeration unit has the same area size, possibly also the same basic shape such as squares or hexagons. The geometrical distortion of EAUMs, however, leads to a more difficult search for regions as well as a falsification of topological relationships and spatial patterns. To describe these distortions, a set of analytical measures is proposed. But it turns out that the expressiveness of these measures is rather limited. To better understand and to model the influence of distortions, two user studies were conducted. The study on the search in EAUMs (also with the aim of reconstruct the search strategies of the users) revealed how important it is to consider the local topology (e.g. corner or border positions of regions) during the generation process. With regard to pattern identification, it could be shown that EAUMs significantly increase the detection rate of local extreme values. On the other hand, global lateral gradients or geostatistical hot spots often get blurred or even lost. As a consequence, a task-oriented selection of map types and further developments are recommended.

scholarly journals Categorization of the main descriptors of different ampicillin crystal habits

2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 679-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Flórez-Acosta ◽  
Gloria Tobón-Zapata ◽  
Jaime Valencia-Velasquez
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Crystal Habit ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Effective Diameter ◽  
Fourier Descriptors ◽  
Morphological Descriptors ◽  
Digital Methods ◽  
Selection Of

With the purpose of enabling the analysis by digital methods of particles of multisource pharmaceutical raw materials, this study analyzed different crystal habits of ampicillin particles, by grouping the external shapes obtained from 3 different solvents (acetonitrile, ethanol, and methanol), thereby reducing the number of descriptors necessary to adequately represent each shape. For this purpose, a selection of morphological descriptors was used including: circularity, roughness, roundness, compactness, aspect ratio, effective diameter, solidity, convexity, fractal dimension, and 10 Complex Fourier descriptors. These measures cover highly diverse morphological properties and define the crystal habit of a particle. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and the Cluster Analysis (CA) were the grouping techniques used, which demonstrated the possibility of using between 2 and 4 descriptors instead of the 18 proposed initially.

scholarly journals Honey Mead Fermentation from Thai Stingless Bee (Tetragonula leaviceps) Honey using Ethanol Tolerant Yeast

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 503-510
Author(s):  
Pimprapa Chaijak ◽  
Purimprach Sinkan ◽  
Santipap Sotha
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Tolerance ◽  
Alcoholic Beverage ◽  
Invertase Activity ◽  
Stingless Bee ◽  
Ethanol Stress ◽  
Microbial Fermentation ◽  
Tolerance Level ◽  
Enrichment Technique ◽  
Selection Of

Honey mead is a well-known conventional alcoholic beverage made by microbial fermentation of diluted honey. The selection of prospective yeasts for inoculation of honey-must with regard to honey mead quality determines the quality of mead production. The yeast consortium tolerant to ethanol stress was selected for this study using an enrichment technique. The activity of the invertase enzyme and the level of ethanol tolerance have been investigated. Thai stingless bee honey was used as a substrate, and the selected ethanol tolerant yeast consortium was used for mead fermentation. The results revealed that the PP03 had the highest invertase activity of 75.13±9.16 U/mL and the highest ethanol tolerance level of 12%. This is the first study using an ethanol tolerant yeast consortium to ferment honey mead from Thai stingless bee honey.  

Modern problems of regionalization of territories and human adaptation in regions with extreme natural and climatic conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.L. Maksimov
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Allostatic Load ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Extreme Conditions ◽  
Human Adaptation ◽  
Nonspecific Resistance ◽  
Key Words Adaptation ◽  
High Level ◽  
Selection Of

The paper considers modern approaches to the zoning of territories and the selection of people for life in extreme environmental conditions, taking into account modern geopolitical challenges. It is shown that it is possible, based on the allostasis concept, to conduct not only the selection of persons with a high level of nonspecific resistance, but also to quantify the degree of extremity of environmental factors using the standard represpiration test. Key words: adaptation, extreme conditions, selection, hypoxia, cold, rerespiration, allostatic load.

Selection of Best Smartphone Using Revised ELECTRE-III Method

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (06) ◽  
pp. 1915-1936 ◽  
Author(s):  
I-Fei Chen ◽  
Ruey-Chyn Tsaur ◽  
Po-Ying Chen
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Values ◽  
Selection Procedure ◽  
Communication Tool ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Respective Group ◽  
Electre Iii ◽  
The World ◽  
Feature Fatigue ◽  
Suitable Product ◽  
Selection Of

Since smartphones have become the most prevalent communication tool in the world, a wide variety of low-end to high-end smartphone products are currently available on the market. Choosing a suitable product becomes a challenge due to the problem of feature fatigue. This study developed a smartphone selection procedure for prospective users by incorporating ELECTRE-III method with Kano two-dimensional quality model. An empirical example of 15 smartphones from three different categories, namely, flagship, screen size and price, demonstrated that the credibility matrix of the revised ELECTRE-III had fewer extreme values (0 and 1) than its original counterpart. It was able to clearly distinguish the relative satisfaction of each option in the respective group, particularly for the tied products which could not be discerned by the original ELECTRE-III.

THE DEPENDENCE OF ALUMINA NANOWIRE FORMATION FROM POROUS ANODIC ALUMINA MEMBRANES ON THE ETCHING SOLUTION

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (03) ◽  
pp. 1150017 ◽  
Author(s):  
JIN KYU HAN ◽  
JIN HO KWAK ◽  
YONG CHAN CHOI ◽  
SANG DON BU
Keyword(s):  
Formation Mechanism ◽  
Anodic Alumina ◽  
Porous Anodic Alumina ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Alumina Membrane ◽  
Etching Solution ◽  
Membrane Filters ◽  
Alumina Membranes ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Selection Of

We describe variations in the structure and formation mechanism of alumina nanowires (ANWs) formed from porous anodic alumina (PAA) membranes, depending on the composition of the etching solution. Two types of ANWs were synthesized by etching PAA membranes in etching solutions containing H 3 PO 4 or NaOH . Not only did the ANW formation mechanism vary, but also the morphological properties and the surface chemical composition of the ANWs varied with the etching solution used. These results suggest that the ANW surfaces may be optimized by the appropriate selection of etching solution. The optimization of ANWs may potentially advance, for example, water purification technological developments because ANWs have, in recent studies, provided more effective filtration performances than nanoporous alumina membrane filters.

scholarly journals Selection of Tempoyak Lactic Acid Bacteria As Candidate Strain for Yoghurt Starter Culture

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
Hanum Mukti Rahayu ◽  
Mahwar Qurbaniah
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Smooth Surface ◽  
Starter Culture ◽  
Round Shape ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Acid Producing Bacteria ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Candidate Strain

Selection of bacteria in yoghurt fermentation is important to produce yoghurt with good quality. Tempoyak lactic acid bacteria is potential to be yoghurt starter culture becouse tempoyak fermentation has similarities in producing lactic acid such as yoghurt. This study aimed to isolate and identify the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from tempoyak which will be used as a yoghurt starter culture. The methods used in this study included isolation and selection of acid-producing bacteria, lactase and protease activity test, identification of morphology and biochemistry as well as testing the quality of the yoghurt. The results of the study obtained 32 isolates of the LAB with the same characteristic colony, include the round shape, cream-coloured with convex elevation and, smooth surface and entire edge. Selection of acid-producing bacteria obtained 12 isolates with the ability to produce clear zones on MRSA + CaCO3 media ≥ 0.7 cm. Selection of lactase-producing LAB obtained six strains and the protease test obtained two superior strains. Two superior strains namely Tp 12 and Tp 28 have characteristics of coccus, gram-positive, negative catalase, non-endospore and non-motile forms. The organoleptic and several quality tests showed yoghurt using Tp 12 as starter has higher acceptability, the highest levels of lactic acid and lactose levels with values respectively 4.25, 0.84% and 24.53%. This study obtained the LAB strain which can be used as yoghurt starter culture. Tp 12 strain can be used to improve the quality of yoghurt and become a commercial starter that can be applied to various fermented products.

scholarly journals Quantitative 4D X-ray microtomography under extreme conditions: a case study on magma migration

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Giovenco ◽  
Jean-Philippe Perrillat ◽  
Eglantine Boulard ◽  
Andrew King ◽  
Nicolas Guignot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Extreme Conditions ◽  
Temporal Dimension ◽  
Angular Aperture ◽  
X Ray

X-ray computed tomography (XCT) is a well known method for three-dimensional characterization of materials that is established as a powerful tool in high-pressure/high-temperature research. The optimization of synchrotron beamlines and the development of fast high-efficiency detectors now allow the addition of a temporal dimension to tomography studies under extreme conditions. Presented here is the experimental setup developed on the PSICHE beamline at SOLEIL to perform high-speed XCT in the Ultra-fast Tomography Paris–Edinburgh cell (UToPEc). The UToPEc is a compact panoramic (165° angular aperture) press optimized for fast tomography that can access 10 GPa and 1700°C. It is installed on a high-speed rotation stage (up to 360° s−1) and allows the acquisition of a full computed tomography (CT) image with micrometre spatial resolution within a second. This marks a major technical breakthrough for time-lapse XCT and the real-time visualization of evolving dynamic systems. In this paper, a practical step-by-step guide to the use of the technique is provided, from the collection of CT images and their reconstruction to performing quantitative analysis, while accounting for the constraints imposed by high-pressure and high-temperature experimentation. The tomographic series allows the tracking of key topological parameters such as phase fractions from 3D volumetric data, and also the evolution of morphological properties (e.g. volume, flatness, dip) of each selected entity. The potential of this 4D tomography is illustrated by percolation experiments of carbonate melts within solid silicates, relevant for magma transfers in the Earth's mantle.

scholarly journals An alternative approach to estimate any subdaily extreme of rainfall and wind from usually available records

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
José M. Pérez-Bella ◽  
Javier Domínguez-Hernández ◽  
Juan E. Martínez-Martínez ◽  
Mar Alonso-Martínez ◽  
Juan J. del Coz-Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Rainfall Intensity ◽  
Extreme Values ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Climatic Variables ◽  
Extreme Conditions ◽  
Empirical Correlations ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Weather Stations

AbstractA wide variety of engineering applications requires the use of maximum values of rainfall intensity and wind speed related to short recording intervals, which can often only be estimated from available less exhaustive records. Given that many locations lack exhaustive climatic records that would allow accurate empirical correlations between different recording intervals to be identified, generic equations are often used to estimate these extreme values. The accuracy of these generic estimates is especially important in fields such as the study of wind-driven rain, in which both climatic variables are combined to characterise the phenomenon. This work assesses the reliability and functionality of some of these most widespread generic equations, analysing climatic datasets gathered since 2008 in 109 weather stations in Spain and the Netherlands. Considering multiple recording intervals at each location, it is verified that most of these generic estimations, used especially in the study of wind-driven rain, have functional limitations and can cause significant errors when characterising both variables for subdaily intervals and extreme conditions. Finally, an alternative approach is proposed to accurately extrapolate extreme values of both variables related to any subdaily recording interval in a functional manner and from any available records.

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