scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF ELEMENTS OF TECHNOLOGY FOR PLANTING MATERIAL OF LETTUCE (LACTUCA SATIVA L.) ON VIRUS-FREE BASIS USING METHODS OF BIOTECHNOLOGY

2019 ◽  
pp. 22-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. B. Romanova ◽  
A. V. Soldatenko ◽  
O. A. Chichvarina ◽  
V. A. Akhramenko ◽  
O. V. Pavlova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Lettuce Seeds ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L ◽  
Different Temperatures

The article presents the results of research on the production in vitro of regenerated plants from the seeds of cultivars of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Emerald, Bouquet, Chameleon (FSBSI Federal Scientific Vegetable Center), susceptible of aspermia tomato (Tomato aspermy cucumovirus) – AsTV. Seeds of strongly susceptible to AsTV varieties of salad Chameleon and Bouquet were subjected to thermotherapy at different temperatures (37°C, 38°C, 40°C) for a different time interval (1, 3, 5, 7, 10 days) in dry form and when moistened. Marked varietal specificity during germination of seeds after thermotherapy. Thus, the greatest number of seedlings in the emerald variety was obtained after 5 days of thermotherapy (10.0±0), while the Bouquet variety had the best results after 3 days of thermotherapy (9.3±1.2) with moisture. After thermotherapy of dry seeds by 40°C plant material of cultivar Emerald was planted on solid and liquid culture media. The conditions of step sterilization of lettuce seeds for introduction into the culture in vitro were chosen: washing in 96% ethanol, then in 50% aqueous solution of "Whiteness" with the addition of Twin-20, after in sterile distilled water. The nutrient medium for germination of lettuce seeds was used: Gamborg B5 (2% sucrose, 7.0 g/l agar), and the liquid nutrient medium was of that composition. The obtained seedlings were cutted and transferred to medium MS (2% sucrose, 0.1 mg/l ha and 1 mg/l BAP, 3.0 g/l phytogel). The formed shoots for rooting were transferred to the MS medium (2% sucrose, 3.0 g/l phytogel). In the future, lettuce plants will be adapted in vivo and tested for the presence of tomato aspermia virus in the planting material.

scholarly journals Clonal Micropropagation of Cranberry (Oxycoccus palustris Pers.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-76
Author(s):  
Sergey Makarov ◽  
Irina Kuznetsova ◽  
Mikhail Upadyshev ◽  
Sergey Rodin ◽  
Anton Chudetsky
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Hybrid Form ◽  
Clonal Micropropagation ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Total Growth

Introduction. The last decade saw a considerable increase in the demand for European cranberry planting material (Oxyccocus palustris Pers.) among consumers of non-timber forest products. Cranberry possesses high nutritional and medicinal value. Cultivars and hybrids of European cranberry prove extremely productive for plantation growth using the method of clonal micropropagation with revitalized planting material. Study objects and methods. The research featured European cranberry plants of the Dar Kostromy cultivar and its hybrid form 1-15-635. The study focused on the effect of various medications and growth regulators on the biometric profile of European cranberry and its adaptation to non-sterile conditions at all stages of in vivo clonal micropropagation. Results and discussion. During the introduction stage, the highest viability belonged to the explants treated with AgNO3 (95–96%) and Lizoformin 3000 (5%) as the main sterilizing solutions at a 10-min exposure and a 5% solution of Ecosterilizer (1:1) at a 20-min exposure (90–95%). During the micropropagation proper, the number, average length, and total growth of shoots increased as the concentration of cytokinin 2ip in the WPM 1/4 nutrient medium rose from 1.0 to 5.0 mg/L. At the stage of in vitro rooting, the maximal number, average length, and total growth of roots in regenerated plants for both cultivars were observed when Kornerost 5.0 mg/L was added to the WPM 1/4 nutrient medium. At the stage of adaptation to in vivo conditions, Micogel 0.2 mg/L contributed to the highest survival rate (94–100%). Conclusion. During clonal micropropagation in vitro, the biometric profile of European cranberry (Oxyccocus palustris Pers.) and its survival rate under non-sterile conditions in vivo proved to depend on various growth-regulating substances and their concentrations.

The effects of ultra-high diluted gibberellic acid on in vitro lettuce seed germination.

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 50-54
Author(s):  
Carolina Santos Barreto ◽  
Fortune Homsani ◽  
Nina C Barboza Da Silva ◽  
Carla Holandino
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Lettuce Seed ◽  
Lettuce Seeds ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L ◽  
Petri Dishes

Lettuce seeds bioassays have been used in many different tests such as: alellopathyc models; developing of new drugs; ecotoxicity tests. In most cases, lettuce (Lactuca sativa L., Asteraceae) has been used because of its sensitivity, simultaneous and rapid germination, reliability of germination percentage and homogeneity of seeds. The main goal was to evaluate the effects of ultra-high diluted gibberellic acid (GA3) on lettuce seeds germination and seedling growth. Experiment was performed using Petri dishes containing one disk of Whatman nº01 paper watered with 1ml of water. In each Petri dish 10 lettuce seeds(Lactuca sativa L.) cv Regina 500 were placed and 2ml of the different treatment solutions were add: GA33µmol, GA3 3CH (10-6), GA3 12CH (10-24), water 12CH and water (no dilution and succussion). One milliliter solutions were added every 2 days of experiment. The experiment was repeated twice and each one consisted in 5 Petri dishes per treatment (n=100). All seeds were maintained in germination incubator under controlled temperature (25°C) and photoperiod (16L/8D). The tested substances were prepared according to Brazilian Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia (Brazil, 2011). The experiment was blinded all the time. All seeds germinated at same time (2 days) and after 7 days the germination rate was the same in all treatments. Root was affected just by Water 12 CH, in which shown the longest length (4.59 cm) when compared with others treatments. Shoot length was higher where gibberellin was added in concentration upper then Avogrado’s number.

scholarly journals Influence of Light Conditions and Medium Composition on Morphophysiological Characteristics of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni In Vitro and In Vivo

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Alla A. Shulgina ◽  
Elena A. Kalashnikova ◽  
Ivan G. Tarakanov ◽  
Rima N. Kirakosyan ◽  
Mikhail Yu. Cherednichenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Culture Media ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Medium Composition ◽  
Light Spectra ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni ◽  
Multiplication Coefficient

We investigated the influence of different conditions (light composition and plant growth regulators (PGRs) in culture media) on the morphophysiological parameters of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni in vitro and in vivo. Both PGRs and the light spectra applied were found to significantly affect plant morphogenesis. During the micropropagation stage of S. rebaudiana, optimal growth, with a multiplication coefficient of 15, was obtained in an MS culture medium containing 2,4-epibrassinolide (Epin) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) at concentrations of 0.1 and 0.5 mg L−1, respectively. During the rooting stage, we found that the addition of 0.5 mg L−1 hydroxycinnamic acid (Zircon) to the MS medium led to an optimal root formation frequency of 85% and resulted in the formation of strong plants with well-developed leaf blades. Cultivation on media containing 0.1 mg L−1 Epin and 0.5 mg L−1 IAA and receiving coherent light irradiation on a weekly basis resulted in a 100% increase in the multiplication coefficient, better adventitious shoot growth, and a 33% increase in the number of leaves. S. rebaudiana microshoots, cultured on MS media containing 1.0 mg L−1 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 0.5 mg L−1 IAA with red monochrome light treatments, increased the multiplication coefficient by 30% compared with controls (white light, media without PGRs).

scholarly journals Astrocyte-Derived CCL2 is Associated with M1 Activation and Recruitment of Cultured Microglial Cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 859-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingfeng He ◽  
Hongquan Dong ◽  
Yahui Huang ◽  
Shunmei Lu ◽  
Shu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Microglial Activation ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Microglial Cells ◽  
Migration Ability ◽  
Migration Assay ◽  
Tnf Α

Background/Aims: Microglia are an essential player in central nervous system inflammation. Recent studies have demonstrated that the astrocytic chemokine, CCL2, is associated with microglial activation in vivo. However, CCL2-induced microglial activation has not yet been studied in vitro. The purpose of the current study was to understand the role of astrocyte-derived CCL2 in microglial activation and to elucidate the underlying mechanism(s). Methods: Primary astrocytes were pre-treated with CCL2 siRNA and stimulated with TNF-α. The culture medium (CM) was collected and added to cultures of microglia, which were incubated with and without CCR2 inhibitor. Microglial cells were analyzed by quantitative RT-PCR to determine whether they polarized to the M1 or M2 state. Microglial migratory ability was assessed by transwell migration assay. Results: TNF-α stimulated the release of CCL2 from astrocytes, even if the culture media containing TNF-α was replaced with fresh media after 3 h. CM from TNF-α-stimulated astrocytes successfully induced microglial activation, which was ascertained by increased activation of M1 and enhanced migration ability. In contrast, CM from astrocytes pretreated with CCL2 siRNA showed no effect on microglial activation, compared to controls. Additionally, microglia pre-treated with RS102895, a CCR2 inhibitor, were resistant to activation by CM from TNF-α-stimulated astrocytes. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that the CCL2/CCR2 pathway of astrocyte-induced microglial activation is associated with M1 polarization and enhanced migration ability, indicating that this pathway could be a useful target to ameliorate inflammation in the central nervous system.

scholarly journals Cathepsin B Localizes in the Caveolae and Participates in the Proteolytic Cascade in Trabecular Meshwork Cells. Potential New Drug Target for the Treatment of Glaucoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
April Nettesheim ◽  
Myoung Sup Shim ◽  
Angela Dixon ◽  
Urmimala Raychaudhuri ◽  
Haiyan Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trabecular Meshwork ◽  
Cathepsin B ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Ecm Remodeling ◽  
Trabecular Meshwork Cells ◽  
Proteolytic Cascade

Extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition in the trabecular meshwork (TM) is one of the hallmarks of glaucoma, a group of human diseases and leading cause of permanent blindness. The molecular mechanisms underlying ECM deposition in the glaucomatous TM are not known, but it is presumed to be a consequence of excessive synthesis of ECM components, decreased proteolytic degradation, or both. Targeting ECM deposition might represent a therapeutic approach to restore outflow facility in glaucoma. Previous work conducted in our laboratory identified the lysosomal enzyme cathepsin B (CTSB) to be expressed on the cellular surface and to be secreted into the culture media in trabecular meshwork (TM) cells. Here, we further investigated the role of CTSB on ECM remodeling and outflow physiology in vitro and in CSTBko mice. Our results indicate that CTSB localizes in the caveolae and participates in the pericellular degradation of ECM in TM cells. We also report here a novel role of CTSB in regulating the expression of PAI-1 and TGFβ/Smad signaling in TM cells vitro and in vivo in CTSBko mice. We propose enhancing CTSB activity as a novel therapeutic target to attenuate fibrosis and ECM deposition in the glaucomatous outflow pathway.

Evaluation of Annona muricata (Graviola) leaves activity against experimental trichinellosis: in vitro and in vivo studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.S. El-Wakil ◽  
H.F. Abdelmaksoud ◽  
T.S. AbouShousha ◽  
M.M.I. Ghallab
Keyword(s):  
Culture Media ◽  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Drug Effects ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Annona Muricata ◽  
Group I ◽  
Small Intestinal

Abstract Our work aimed to evaluate the possible effect of Annona muricata (Graviola) leaf extract on Trichinella spiralis in in vitro and in vivo studies. Trichinella spiralis worms were isolated from infected mice and transferred to three culture media – group I (with no drugs), group II (contained Graviola) and group III (contained albendazole) – then they were examined using the electron microscope. In the in vivo study, mice were divided into five groups: GI (infected untreated), GII (prophylactically treated with Graviola for seven days before infection), GIII (infected and treated with Graviola), GIV (infected and treated with albendazole) and GV (infected and treated with a combination of Graviola plus albendazole in half doses). Drug effects were assessed by adults and larvae load beside the histopathological small intestinal and muscular changes. A significant reduction of adult and larval counts occurred in treated groups in comparison to the control group. Histopathologically, marked improvement in the small intestinal and muscular changes was observed in treated groups. Also, massive destruction of the cultured adults’ cuticle was detected in both drugs. This study revealed that Graviola leaves have potential activity against trichinellosis, especially in combination with albendazole, and could serve as an adjuvant to anti-trichinellosis drug therapy.

scholarly journals Response of Cisplatin Resistant Skov-3 Cells to [Pt(O,O′-Acac)(γ-Acac)(DMS)] Treatment Revealed by a Metabolomic 1H-NMR Study

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 2301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica De Castro ◽  
Michele Benedetti ◽  
Giovanna Antonaci ◽  
Laura Del Coco ◽  
Sandra De Pascali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Carcinoma ◽  
1H Nmr ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Epithelial Ovarian Carcinoma ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Nmr Study ◽  
First Time

The novel [Pt(O,O′-acac)(γ-acac)(DMS)], Ptac2S, Pt(II) complex has recently gained increasing attention as a potential anticancer agent for its pharmacological activity shown in different tumor cell lines, studied both in vitro and in vivo. The mechanism of action of Ptac2S, operating on non-genomic targets, is known to be very different from that of cis-[PtCl2(NH3)2], cisplatin, targeting nucleic acids. In this work, we evaluated the cytotoxicity of Ptac2S on the cisplatin resistant Epithelial Ovarian Carcinoma (EOC), SKOV-3 cells, by the MTT assay. A 1H-NMR metabolomic approach coupled with multivariate statistical analysis was used for the first time for Ptac2S to figure out the biological mechanisms of action of the complex. The metabolic variations of intracellular metabolites and the composition of the corresponding extracellular culture media were compared to those of cisplatin (cells were treated at the IC50 doses of both drugs). The reported comparative metabolomic analysis revealed a very different metabolic profile between Ptac2S and cisplatin treated samples, thus confirming the different mechanism of action of Ptac2S also in the Epithelial Ovarian Carcinoma (EOC), SKOV-3 cells line. In particular, higher levels of pyruvate were observed in Ptac2S treated, with respect to cisplatin treated, cells (in both aqueous and culture media). In addition, a very different lipid expression resulted after the exposure to the two drugs (Ptac2S and cisplatin). These results suggest a possible explanation for the Ptac2S ability to circumvent cisplatin resistance in SKOV-3 cells.

scholarly journals Preventing thermoinhibition in a thermosensitive lettuce genotype by seed imbibition at low temperature

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 477-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Warley Marcos Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Lettuce Seed ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Lettuce Seeds ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L ◽  
Lettuce Seed Germination ◽  
Dark Green

Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) seed germination is strongly temperature dependent and under high temperatures, germination of most of genotypes can be erratic or completely inhibited. Lettuce seeds of 'Dark Green Boston' (DGB) were incubated at temperatures ranging from 15° to 35°C at light and dark conditions. Other seeds were imbibed in dark at 20°; 25°; 30°; and 35°C for 8 and 16 hours and then transferred to 20 or 35°C, in dark. Seeds were also incubated at constant temperature of 20° and 35 °C, in the dark, as control. In another treatment, seeds were primed for 3 days at 15°C with constant light. DGB lettuce seeds required light to germinate adequately at temperatures above 25°C. Seeds incubated at 20°C had 97% germination, whereas seeds incubated at 35°C did not germinate. Seeds imbibed at 20°C for 8 and 16 hours had germination. At 35°C, seeds imbibed initially at 20°C for 8 and 16 hours, had 89 and 97% germination, respectively. Seeds imbibed at 25°C for 16 hours, germinated satisfactory at 35°C. High temperatures of imbibition led to no germination. Primed and non-primed seeds had 100% germination at 20°C. Primed seeds had 100% germination at 35°C, whereas non-primed seeds germinate only 4%. The first hours of imbibition are very critical for lettuce seed germination at high temperatures.

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