scholarly journals Anthropogenic pollution impact on physico-chemical characteristics of Lake Kivu, Rwanda

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (53) ◽  
pp. 6517-6536
Author(s):  
OJ Olapade ◽  
◽  
BO Omitoyin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Lake Water ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Dissolved Solids ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Lake Kivu ◽  
The Mean

Anthropogenic activities such as industrial effluent, domestic and agricultural waste disposal constitute major sources of pollution in water. The effects of these pollutants on the physico- chemical properties of Lake Kivu, Rwanda were investigated at three locations (Gisenyi, Kibuye and Cyangugu) between February 2005 and December 2006. Water samples used for physico- chemical analysis were collected from 12 stratified points on the lake. Samples collected were analysed and interpreted using appropriate international procedures. The physico -chemical properties measured were temperature, conductivity, pH, transparency, salinity, total alkalinity, dissolved organic matter (DOM), total dissolved solids (TDS), dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD), nitrate – nitrogen, phosphate – phosphorus and sulphate. Mean water temperature measured (24.7 + 0.58 o C) was highest in Kibuye and lowest (24.5 + 0.31 o C) in Cyan gugu. The lake water was moderately hard with mean total alkalinity values of 88.1 ± 1.63mgL -1 ; 79.7 ± 2.36mgL -1 and 81.0 ± 2.46mg L -1 recorded in Gisenyi, Kibuye and Cyangugu respectively; salty and alkaline with mean pH values of 8.87 ± 0.07 in Gisenyi; 8.86 ± 0.06 in Kibuye and 8.91 ± 0.06 in Cyangugu. Total dissolved solids (TDS) level in the lake was above the 500mg L -1 prescribed by WHO while the mean biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) reading was within the range for unpolluted or moderately polluted lake. Water from the lake showed mineralization with mean conductivity values ranging from 1058 - 1184μS cm -1 in Gisenyi; 1058 - 1147μS cm -1 in Kibuye and 1031 - 1116μS cm -1 in Cyangugu. The mean dissolved oxygen values were below the 5mgl -1 limit recommended by WHO for fresh water fish species. SO 4- -2 and NO 3 – N concentration in the lake water does not constitute any serious health risk to both man and the aquatic organisms it supports. However, there is the need to constantly monitor the lake water to mitigate any build up of the ions to a hazardous level.

Survey of the Water Quality of the Bahar County Streams (Iran) by NSFWQI

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (SE) ◽  
pp. 395-403
Author(s):  
Abbas Ghaffari Habib ◽  
Seyed Hadi Khatami
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Fecal Coliform ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Biological Oxygen Demand ◽  
Dissolved Solids ◽  
The Mean

In Bahar County (Iran), rivers are among the important sources of water for the agricultural sector. Therefore, this research evaluated the parameters of temperature, pH, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), turbidity, nitrate, total phosphate, dissolved oxygen (DO), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD5), and fecal coliform at five stations for five months (from February 2015 to June 2015) to determine water quality in the rivers. Based on this evaluation, the NSFWQI index was calculated and, finally, the routes of the rivers were zoned. The best water quality was recorded at Station Number 3 with the NSFWQI Value of 80 in January, and the worst at Station Number 5 (latgah) with the NSFWQI Value of 37 in June. Based on the mean NSFWQI indices, water quality was Medium at Stations Number 1, 2, and 4, good at Station Number 3, and bad at Station number 5.

scholarly journals Water quality assessments of the river Gorveshwari in Dinajpur, Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-128
Author(s):  
ZANNATUL FERDOUSHI ◽  
MD ABUL KALAM AZAD ◽  
MD. SHAMIM RAHMAN ◽  
MST NAHID AKTER
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Dissolved Solids ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Quality Assessments

A study was carried out to assess planktonic community with some physico-chemical parameters of the Gorveshwari river in Dinajpur district of Bangladesh. Fortnight water samplings were performed at four sites. Findings revealed that water temperature, water level and transparency were within the optimal ranges- 14.33-31.23°C, 1.38-3.97 m and 43.32- 88.67cm respectively. The values of dissolved oxygen, pH, total alkalinity and total dissolved solids were found to vary 7.16 -9.32 ppm, 6.37-8.93, 28.07- 39.56 ppm and 59.87-133.74 ppm in the four sampling sites respectively. From plankton analysis, 36 genera of plankton were identified of which 27 genera were phytoplankton groups and 9 genera were zooplankton. Among them, Chlorophyceae ranked the first position with highest abundance 3.11±0.12×103cells/L. Euglenophyceae was recorded as the minor group of phytoplankton both in number and density. On the other hand, abundance of Rotifera was found to be higher in number (0.95±0.04×103cells/L), while, Crustacean larvae was noticed as scarcer group throughout the study period. Moreover, from correlation analysis it was observed that the abundance of total phytoplankton and total plankton were negatively correlated with water temperature and transparency where positively correlated with water level, pH, dissolved oxygen, total dissolved solids and total alkalinity. This study concludes that the fish production suitability of Gorveshwari river is within productive range though some anthropogenic activities affecting the aquatic biodiversity were also observed throughout the sampling period.

scholarly journals Cladoceran abundance in relation to water quality parameters of Chakki Talab, Bodhan, Telangana

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasudha Lingampally ◽  
V.R. Solanki ◽  
D. L. Anuradha ◽  
Sabita Raja
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Biological Oxygen Demand ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
One Year

In the present study an attempt has been made to evaluate water quality and related density of Cladocerans for a period of one year, October 2015 to September 2016. Water quality parameters such as temperature, PH, total dissolved solids, dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand, total alkalinity, total hardness, chlorides, phosphates, and nitrates are presented here to relate with the abundance of Cladocerans. The Cladoceran abundance reflects the eutrophic nature of the Chakki talab.

scholarly journals Water quality assessments and metagenomic analysis of the polluted river Apatlaco, Mexico

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luz Breton-Deval ◽  
Katy Juárez ◽  
Alejandro Sánchez-Flores ◽  
Rosario Vera-Estrella
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Dissolved Solids ◽  
The People ◽  
Nitrite Nitrate

ABSTRACTThe aim of this study is to analyze the water quality parameters and bacterial diversity and thereby understand the effect of water quality on the microbial population structure in the river. The following parameters: total coliforms, chemical oxygen demand, harness, ammonium, nitrite, nitrate, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, dissolved oxygen, total phosphorus, total dissolved solids, and temperature were analyzing along 17 sampling points in the river. The worst levels of pollution were 510 mg/L chemical oxygen demand, 7 mg/L nitrite, 45 mg/L nitrate, 2 mg/L dissolved oxygen, and 756 mg/L of total dissolved solids. Whole metagenome shotgun sequencing was performed at 4 key points along the river (P1,P7,P10 and P17), the first point had clean water and the other points were polluted, as a result of this pollution, the structure of microbial communities along the river have changed. Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were the most representative phyla with a relative abundance of 57 and 43% respectively for P1, 82 and 15% for P7, 69 and 27% for P10 and 87 and 10% for the last point P17. P1 is rich in microorganism such as Limnohabitans a planktonic bacterium very common in freshwater ecosystems. However, in P7, P10 and P17 are rich in opportunistic pathogens such as Acinetobacter Arcobacter and Myroides that endangers the health of around 1.6 million people which live around the area. These results elucidate the influence of the pollution on the microbial community and the likely effects on the health of the people around.

scholarly journals Analysis of Ground Water from Selected Sources in Jalingo Metropolis, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Ezekeil Bwadi ◽  
Mohammed Bakoji Yusuf ◽  
Ibrahim Abdullahi ◽  
Clement Yakubu Giwa ◽  
Grace Audu
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Dissolved Solids ◽  
Mean Values

Water is very significant in the development of a stable community, but many societies are confronted with the challenges of poor wastes management system with indiscriminate waste disposal and bad land practices, which easily pollute water sources and consequently degrade water quality. This study was to analyze the physicochemical properties of ground water from multiple point sources in Jalingo, Taraba state of Nigeria. Water samples were collected from twenty seven (27) sites from the study area during the raining and dry seasons. The analysis was carried out to determining the physico-chemical properties of the ground water and comparing with the World Health Organization (WHO) standard for drinking water. The physicochemical properties of ground water analyzed include; odor, taste, temperature and electrical conductivity were tested in the field using water meter tester. Whereas pH, total dissolved solids, alkalinity, hardness, salinity, iron, manganese, fluoride, nitrate, nitrite, chloride, sulphate and dissolved oxygen were analyzed in the laboratory using Wagtech potable water testing equipment. The physical properties of water analyzed were temperature, odor, taste, and turbidity. Whereas the chemical properties of water analyzed were pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), alkalinity, hardness, salinity, iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), fluoride (F−), nitrate (NO3−), nitrite (NO2−), Chloride (Cl−), sulphate (SO42−), dissolved oxygen (DO).The result shows the range of the mean values of the temperature(26.7–33.1) oC, p H(6.5–8.9), Fe (0.01–0.08 mg/L), NO3−(0.01–38.5 mg/l), NO2−(0.01–0.09 mg/l), Mn (0.01–0.17 mg/l), F(0.01–0.82 mg/l), alkalinity(39-204 mg/l), salinity (42-508 mg/l), SO4(14-93 mg/l), total dissolved solids (6–637) mg/l, turbidity(0.4–10.6 mg/l), hardness(48-187 mg/l), and fecal coliforms(1–4)fcu/100mi, dissolved oxygen(1.1–6.87)mg/l, EC(10.99–1066)ohm/cm, Cl (10-320 mg/l). All except alkalinity and hardness are within the WHO permissible standards of quality drinking water. The highest alkalinity (204 mg/l), hardness (187 mg/l) and low dissolved oxygen (6.87 mg/l) attributed to the high concentration of dissolved salts and basic cations in the water. The methodology applied in the study was effective in analyzing the physicochemical properties of water in the study area. Therefore, it was recommended that there should be frequent water source testing by stakeholder in water resources with the view to treating the water. Policy maker should also enforce the regulation of the use of chemical fertilizers, agro-chemicals and the indiscriminate waste disposal.

scholarly journals The Effect of Heating Schedule on Physico-Chemical Properties of Instant Coffee of Liberika Tungkal Jambi

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-29
Author(s):  
Mursalin Mursalin ◽  
Addion Nizori ◽  
Irma Rahmayani
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Dissolved Solids ◽  
Instant Coffee ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Heating Schedule

Abstract— The making of instant brewed coffee using co-crystallization method is strongly influenced by the heating schedule (HS) applied. Five levels of HS (HS1, HS2, HS3, HS4 and HS5) were studied on the physico-chemical properties of instant coffee of Liberika Tungkal Jambi. The treatment was applied in a completely randomized design with 4 replications. The coffee was extracted using a special coffee extractor in a ratio of hot water/coffee powder of 15/1. Parameters observed were moisture content, ash content, pH, solubility, and total dissolved solids. The data obtained were analyzed using ANOVA and DNMRT at 5% significance. The results showed that the physico-chemical properties of instant coffee had significant effect on moisture content, pH, solubility, and total dissolved solids but not on ash content. The optimal HS to produce Liberika Tungkal Jambi instant coffee with good quality was heating at 110oC in the beginning, followed by 90oC at the initiation of crystallization, and 75oC when crystal growth (HS3).  HS3 produces instant coffee with water content 1.57-1.61%; ash content 6.12-6.16; pH 5.50-5.56; solubility 98.22-98.25; and total dissolved solids 8.47-8.53% Brix.   Keywords— crystal growth,instant coffee, libtukom, recrystallization,  

scholarly journals Physico-chemical parameters of Titrigachhi Daha

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
Damodar Thapa Chhetry ◽  
Joydeb Pal
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Biological Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physico Chemical

This paper deals with the physico-chemical parameters of the Titrigachhi daha. The maximum air temperature was recorded in rainy season but the water temperature was maximum in summer and lowest in winter season. Transparency, pH, dissolved oxygen, total alkalinity, total hardness were maximum in winter season. Free carbondioxide, chloride and biological oxygen demand were maximum in summer season. The minimum transparency, total alkalinity, total hardness and chloride were recorded in rainy season. Dissolved oxygen and pH, was minimum in summer season. The minimum carbondioxide and BOD were recorded in winter season. Air temperature, water temperature, free carbondioxide, and biological oxygen demand showed positive and significant correlation with each other. Similarly, transparency, pH, dissolved oxygen, total hardness showed positive and significant correlation with each other. Total alkalinity showed positive and significant correlation with chloride. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njbs.v1i0.7465 Nepalese Journal of Biosciences 1: 19-25 (2011)

Analysis of Effluents and Receiving Waters Arising from the Coal Fired Kasimpur Thermal Power Plant

1983 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 227-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ajmal ◽  
Azhar A Nomani ◽  
Mujahid A Khan
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Thermal Power Plant ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Nitrite Nitrate

The waters of the upper Ganga canal, discharged cooling water and the machine washings of 530 MW Kasimpur coal fired thermal power plant were analysed for different parameters like colour, turbidity, pH, total alkalinity, total dissolved solids, chloride, sulphate, nitrite, nitrate, nitrate-ammonia, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand. Metals zinc, lead, cadmium, iron, chromium, copper, nickel, cobalt and manganese were also determined in upstream, down stream, discharged cooling water, machine washings, sediment, plant and fish of the canal. The concentrations of Zn, Pb, Cd, Fe, Cr, Cu, Ni, Co and Mn in the upstream, downstream, cooling effluent and machine washings were found in the range 44.4-204, 1.33-26, 0.27-1.7, 49-208, 13.52-176. 11.5-79, 4.1-9, 4-8.1 and 42-68 µg/l; in the sediments 56.4-133, 1.22-28, 0.8-1.6, 9438-10595, 14.2-128, 13.6-15.0, 18.4-21, 7.3-16 and 320.7-392.2 µg/g; in the plants 21-25, 1.3-2.3, 0.05-0.08, 422-504, 3.5-11, 6.7-11.6, 3.3-7.9, 5.1-10.7 and 81-119 µg/g and in the fish 129.2-141.4, 2.1-3.82, 0.023-0.028, 234-242.1, 1.3-2, 7.8-11.3, 2.2-2.9, 2.6-3.0 and 108-114.6 ég/g on a dry weight basis. The sediments of the canal were analysed for pH, calcium carbonate, organic matter, potassium and phosphorus. In addition, the effects of influent and effluent water on the physico-chemical properties of soil, germination of seeds and growth pattern of the plants were observed but the results were found to be insignificant.

scholarly journals USE OF OVERALL INDEX OF POLLUTION AND WATER QUALITY INDEX TO ASSESS RANI POND AT AURANGABAD, BIHAR, INDIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (supplement 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunita K Sharma ◽  
Vikash K Ravi ◽  
Sandeep Kumar ◽  
Dina N Pandit
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Dissolved Solids ◽  
Overall Index Of Pollution

The present work was carried out to apply overall index of pollution and water quality index to assess status of Rani Pond, Aurangabad, Bihar, India which has been under pressure due to the increasing anthropogenic activities. Physicochemical parameters like water temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen, total alkalinity, hardness, total dissolved solids, biochemical oxygen demand chloride, fluoride and nitrate were analyzed using standard procedures. The values obtained were compared with the guidelines for drinking purpose suggested by BIS (2012). The result shows the higher concentration of electrical conductivity, hardness, total dissolved solids and fluoride beyond the permissible limit. Ten parameters were selected to derive the overall index of pollution and water quality index for the estimation of water potential. The range of 2.70-3.50 of overall index of pollution and 165.83- 224.58 of water quality index indicating that the water of Rani Pond is not fit for drinking including both human and animals. The implementation of overall index of pollution and water quality index is necessary for proper management of the Rani Pond and it will be a very helpful tool for the public and decision makers to evaluate the water quality of the Rani Pond for sustainable management.

Assessment of Physico-chemical Properties of Different Water Reservoirs of Barishal City, Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
MD. MAHADIY HASAN ◽  
MD. ASHIKUR RAHMAN LASKAR ◽  
TAHIDUL ISLAM ◽  
TANIA SULTANA
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Electric Conductivity ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Water Reservoirs ◽  
Dissolved Solids ◽  
Average Water Temperature ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Average Water ◽  
The City

There are many man-made water reservoirs found in Barishal City. This study was aimed to assess the existing condition of physico-chemical properties of four different water reservoirs, namely Bibir Pukur (pond), Amtala Lake, Choumatha Lake and City Corporation Pond of Barishal City of Bangladesh. To evaluate the physico-chemical properties, the average of the parameters such as water temperature, total dissolved solids, electric conductivity (EC), pH, salinity, as well as depth, color, and transparency of water were analyzed. The highest average water temperature was found in the City Corporation Pond, which determined as 31.77±0.09 °C. Electric conductivity (ms/cm) and total dissolved solids (ppm) of Amtala Lake were 0.413 ±0.009 and 199±1.15. The highest average pH 7.88±0.01 and lowest salinity 140±1.73 were found in City Corporation Pond and Choumatha Lake respectively. The water depth of Bibir Pukur was 260.33± 13.98 cm which is the highest among the four water reservoirs. The highest values of dissolved oxygen and phosphate were 2.03±0.12 mg/l and 294.12±3.92 μg/l.

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