Biochemical bases of resistance to brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens) (Stål) in different rice accessions

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Deepa ◽  
M. Ariavanamkatha Pillai ◽  
N. Murugesan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens ◽  
Resistant Variety ◽  
Total Phenols ◽  
Biochemical Basis ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Rice Leaves ◽  
Brown Plant Hopper

Host plant resistance has been a valuable tool in the management of planthoppers. The experiment was carried out to assess the level of total phenols, Ortho-dihydroxy phenols, Phenols, crude silica and total sugars in BPH (Brown Plant Hopper) affected rice leaves. Resistant varieties showed high amount of phenols, O.D. Phenols and crude silica as against low quantity of total sugars. These, biochemical basis of resistant method is also identifying the resistant variety against brown planthopper (<italic>Nilaparvata lugens</italic>) in rice.

Relationships of brown planthopper resistance to tungro virus and grain characteristics in rice

1987 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 609-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. V. Prasad ◽  
M. V. S. Sastry ◽  
J. R. K. Rao ◽  
A. Ghosh ◽  
Y. Kondala Rao
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Genetics Of Resistance ◽  
Green Leafhopper ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Brown Planthopper Resistance

Brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stal), is one of the most serious insect pests of rice (Oryza sativa L.) throughout Asia. Introduction of resistant varieties could be an effective means of minimizing losses from the pest. Several hundred rice cultivars resistant to the pest have been identified and the genetics of resistance has been analysed. Studies have shown that the genes for resistance to brown planthopper, bph-4, and to green leafhopper, Glh-3, are linked (Sidhu & Khush, 1979). Ideka & Kaneda (1983) reported that bph-2 for brown planthopper resistance was linked with the gene d2 for dwarfness. The present study sought to ascertain relationships between resistance to brown planthopper and tungro virus and grain characteristics.

The influence of host-plant on the development of the adult brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), and its significance in migration

1983 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. Padgham
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens ◽  
Susceptible Variety ◽  
Resistant Variety ◽  
Residual Body ◽  
Nymphal Stage ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens Stål

AbstractThe development of adults of Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) reared on one susceptible and one resistant variety of rice plants of different ages was compared. Throughout the range of plants tested there was an overall trend for the newly moulted adult to synthesise and store a reserve of lipid and to lose most of the stored glycogen accumulated during the nymphal stage. N. lugens has two wing morphs, and whilst lipid deposits were greatest in the macropterous ‘migrant’ males, in females it was the brachypterous ‘reproductive’ insects that had the highest lipid deposits and also the greatest residual body weight. However, because of their lower body weight, the macropterous females had the greater percentage of lipid. Both flight willingness and the percentage of macropterous females showing flight-orientated physiological development increased with the age of the host-plant. Both survival and migration potential were lower in insects reared on the resistant rice variety compared to those reared on the susceptible variety. The pattern of post-flight resynthesis of fuels suggests that more than one major migration is unlikely.

scholarly journals Adaptation by the Brown Planthopper to Resistant Rice: A Test of Female-Derived Virulence and the Role of Yeast-like Symbionts

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 908
Author(s):  
Finbarr G. Horgan ◽  
Ainara Peñalver Cruz ◽  
Arriza Arida ◽  
Jedeliza B. Ferrater ◽  
Carmencita C. Bernal
Keyword(s):  
Rice Variety ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens ◽  
Resistant Variety ◽  
Weak Evidence ◽  
Manipulative Experiments ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens Stål

The adaptation by planthoppers to feed and develop on resistant rice is a challenge for pest management in Asia. We conducted a series of manipulative experiments with the brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens (Stål)) on the resistant rice variety IR62 (BPH3/BPH32 genes) to assess behavioral and bionomic changes in planthoppers exhibiting virulence adaptation. We also examined the potential role of yeast-like symbionts (YLS) in virulence adaptation by assessing progeny fitness (survival × reproduction) following controlled matings between virulent males or females and avirulent males or females, and by manipulating YLS densities in progeny through heat treatment. We found virulence-adapted planthoppers developed faster, grew larger, had adults that survived for longer, had female-biased progeny, and produced more eggs than non-selected planthoppers on the resistant variety. However, feeding capacity—as revealed through honeydew composition—remained inefficient on IR62, even after 20+ generations of exposure to the resistant host. Virulence was derived from both the male and female parents; however, females contributed more than males to progeny virulence. We found that YLS are essential for normal planthopper development and densities are highest in virulent nymphs feeding on the resistant host; however, we found only weak evidence that YLS densities contributed more to virulence. Virulence against IR62 in the brown planthopper, therefore, involves a complex of traits that encompass a series of behavioral, physiological, and genetic mechanisms, some of which are determined only by the female parent.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF POPULATION DENSITY AND HOST AVAILABILITY ON THE MIGRATION PROCESS OF BROWN PLANTHOPPER FED USING SUSCEPTIBLE AND RESISTANT RICE VARIETIES (PENGARUH KEPADATAN POPULASI DAN KETERSEDIAAN PAKAN TERHADAP PROSES MIGRASI WERENG BATANG COKELAT PADA PADI VARIETAS RENTAN DAN TAHAN)

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Imam Habibi ◽  
Witjaksono Witjaksono ◽  
Arman Wijonarko
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens ◽  
Susceptible Variety ◽  
Resistant Variety ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Host Availability ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens Stål ◽  
Field Failure

Brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens Stal. (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), is an important pest of rice. This pest can cause hopperburn and field failure. This research aimed to determine the effects of population density and host availability on migration of N. lugens. The criteria used to justify the effects of host availability and population density on migration of N. lugens were based the hardness and tannin tests of the rice stems, fecundity of N. lugens, and the life cycle of N. lugens. The research was conducted under the temperature of 29.42°C with relative humidity of 61% and Light 12: Dark 12 times, using ten pairs of N. lugens brachypterous (F0 constant) and then was added with five male adults on fifth days after the first infestation (F0 changed). The varieties used were IR64, as a resistant variety, and Ketan Lusi, as a susceptible variety. The results showed that the adding of the macropterous males did not affect the number of macropterous, because of that has been preplanned by the F0. Therefore, the percentage of existing macropterous was 51−52%. Wereng Batang Cokelat (WBC) merupakan salah satu hama tanaman padi yang sangat penting. Kerusakan parah dapat menyebabkan hopperburn dan puso (gagal panen). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh kepadatan populasi dan tanaman inang sebagai tempat migrasi WBC. Parameter yang dikaji untuk mengetahui pengaruh kepadatan populasi WBC dan tanaman inang tempat migrasi WBC berdasarkan tingkat kekerasan dan kandungan tanin batang tanaman padi, fekunditas WBC, dan siklus hidup WBC. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada temperatur 29.42˚C dengan kelembapan relatif 61% dan durasi siang hari 12 jam: durasi malam hari 12 jam. Metode yang dilakukan adalah dengan menggunakan 10 pasang imago WBC brakhiptera (F0 konstan), kemudian dilakukan penambahan 5 ekor imago jantan pada hari kelima setelah infestasi awal (F0 diubah). Varietas padi yang digunakan yaitu padi varietas IR64 sebagai varietas tahan dan ketan Lusi sebagai varietas rentan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan imago jantan makroptera tidak berpengaruh terhadap jumlah keturunan makroptera yang dihasilkan, karena imago (F0) telah merencanakan terlebih dahulu keturunan yang akan dihasilkan. Oleh karena itu, persentase terbentuk keturunan imago makroptera berkisar antara 51−52%. 

scholarly journals RESISTANCE EVALUATION OF MODERN RICE VARIETIES TO BROWN PLANTHOPPER Nilaparvata lugens STÅL

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-164
Author(s):  
Eko Hari Iswanto ◽  
Dede Munawar ◽  
Rahmini Rahmini
Keyword(s):  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens ◽  
Field Population ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Resistance Evaluation ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Endemic Areas ◽  
Loss Index ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens Stål

Resistance evaluation of modern rice varieties to brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens STÅL. The research was performed to understand the resistance of modern rice varieties to the field population of brown planthopper (BPH). The research studied BPH settling preference, numbers of laid eggs, and functional plant loss index (FPLI) of resistant and susceptible rice varieties. The results showed BPH were less settle and laid fewer eggs on resistant varieties. BPH significantly settled longer on TN1 than other varieties after 24 hours. The numbers of eggs laid on rice resistant varieties (Inpari 13, Inpari 31, Inpari 33, RH, and PTB33) were fewer compared to TN1. FPLI value in TN1 was the highest among the tested rice varieties. Inpari 13 had better resistance to BPH compared to Inpari 31 and Inpari 33. In managing BPH in endemic areas, we recommend Inpari 13, Inpari 31, and Inpari 33 to be planted in rotation.

scholarly journals Kepadatan Populasi Wereng Coklat (Nilaparvata lugens, Stal.) dan Musuh Alaminya Pada Berbagai Varietas Padi di Bantul Yogyakarta

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-48
Author(s):  
Darmawan Suryo Sudarsono
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens ◽  
Resistant Variety ◽  
Local Varieties ◽  
Hybrid Variety ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens Stål

A research to observe the population density of brown planthoppers (Nilaparvata lugens, Stal.) and their predator and parasitoid natural enemies has done on the rice field in Bantul regency of Yogyakarta. The research was conducted to observe the hoppers and its natural enemies on three local varieties and one superior brown planthoppers resistant variety of rice. The three local varieties of rice were Rejosari, Sri Kuning, and Sri Ayu, while the hopper resistant variety was IR 64. The observation were replicated three times. The result showed that population of brown planthoppers in the three local varieties of rice were higher than in the resistant IR 64 hybrid variety. The population of predators and parasitoid were relatively high in order to control the development of brown planthopper population. The predator Lycosa sp. and the parasitoids Anagrus sp.  were commonly found in the ecosystem.

scholarly journals Seasonal variation in population and biochemical contents of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål)

2022 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-58
Author(s):  
S. Narayana ◽  
◽  
S. Chander ◽  
S. Doddachowdappa ◽  
S. Sabtharishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Water Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens Stål ◽  
Brown Plant Hopper

Aim: The present study was undertaken on population dynamics and estimation of protein, water-soluble carbohydrates and glycogen contents in the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens to explore their migratory behaviour. Methodology: Brown planthopper populations were monitored and collected using sweep nets from 23rd standard meteorological week (SMW) to 47th SMW during 2017 and 2018 rainy seasons to understand population dynamics of the pest. The protein, water-soluble carbohydrates and glycogen contents were estimated from the pest samples collected during 36th to 44th SMW in 2017 and 2018 rainy seasons. Results: Brown planthopper population were not observed in rice farm during 23rd SMW to 28th SMW during two years of study. However, macropterous form of the pest first appeared in the farm during 29th SMW and peaked during 43rd SMW. Thereafter, population declined and disappeared after 47th SMW during both the years. Water-soluble carbohydrates and glycogen contents varied significantly different weeks which remained low during 36th-39th SMW, however, increased gradually towards the end of the rainy season 2017 and 2018. On the other hand, protein content significantly varied among different weeks unlike the trend of water-soluble carbohydrates and glycogen. Interpretation: The study revealed the absence of brown plant hopper during summer season preceding rainy season, and the accumulation of bio-chemical compounds towards the end of rainy season under Delhi environment is perhaps suggestive of migration of the pest from unknown areas during rainy season to Delhi and likely preparedness of the pest for emigration to safer areas from Delhi, respectively.

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