scholarly journals Tuberculose Multirresistente por Estirpes da Família Beijing, em Doentes de Lisboa, Portugal: Estudo Preliminar

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Maltez ◽  
Teresa Martins ◽  
Diana Póvoas ◽  
João Cabo ◽  
Helena Peres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Past History ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Beijing Family ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Extensively Drug Resistant ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Drug Resistant Strains

Introduction: Beijing family strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis are associated with multidrug-resistance. Although strains of the Lisboa family are the most common among multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant patients in the region, several studies have reported the presence of the Beijing family. However, the features of patients from whom they were isolated, are not yet known.Material and Methods: Retrospective study involving 104 multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, from the same number of patients, isolated and genotyped between 1993 and 2015 in Lisbon. We assessed the prevalence of strains of both families and the epidemiologic and clinical features of those infected with Beijing family strains.Results: Seventy-four strains (71.2%) belonged to the Lisboa family, 25 (24.0%) showed a unique genotypic pattern and five (4.8%) belonged to the Beijing family, the latter identified after 2009. Those infected with Beijing family strains were angolan (n = 1), ukrainian (n = 2) and portuguese (n = 2), mainly young-aged and, four of five immunocompetent and with no past history of tuberculosis. All had multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. We did not find any distinctive clinical or radiological features, neither a predominant resistance pattern. Cure rate was high (four patients).Discussion: Although the number of infected patients with Beijing strains was small, it suggests an important proportion of primary tuberculosis, a potential for transmission in the community but also a better clinical outcome when compared to other reported strains, such as W-Beijing and Lisboa.Conclusion: Although Lisboa family strains account for most of the multidrug and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis cases in Lisbon area, Beijing strains are transmitted in the city and might change the local characteristics of the epidemics.

scholarly journals In Vitro Activity and MIC of Sitafloxacin against Multidrug-Resistant and Extensively Drug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolated in Thailand

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoon Leechawengwongs ◽  
Therdsak Prammananan ◽  
Sarinya Jaitrong ◽  
Pamaree Billamas ◽  
Nampueng Makhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Critical Concentration ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Quinolone Resistance ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Extensively Drug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Drug Resistant Strains

ABSTRACT New fluoroquinolones (FQs) have been shown to be more active against drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains than early FQs, such as ofloxacin. Sitafloxacin (STFX) is a new fluoroquinolone with in vitro activity against a broad range of bacteria, including M. tuberculosis. This study aimed to determine the in vitro activity of STFX against all groups of drug-resistant strains, including multidrug-resistant M. tuberculosis (MDR M. tuberculosis), MDR M. tuberculosis with quinolone resistance (pre-XDR), and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) strains. A total of 374 drug-resistant M. tuberculosis strains were tested for drug susceptibility by the conventional proportion method, and 95 strains were randomly submitted for MIC determination using the microplate alamarBlue assay (MABA). The results revealed that all the drug-resistant strains were susceptible to STFX at a critical concentration of 2 μg/ml. Determination of the MIC90s of the strains showed different MIC levels; MDR M. tuberculosis strains had a MIC90 of 0.0625 μg/ml, whereas pre-XDR and XDR M. tuberculosis strains had identical MIC90s of 0.5 μg/ml. Common mutations within the quinolone resistance-determining region (QRDR) of gyrA and/or gyrB did not confer resistance to STFX, except that double mutations of GyrA at Ala90Val and Asp94Ala were found in strains with a MIC of 1.0 μg/ml. The results indicated that STFX had potent in vitro activity against all the groups of drug-resistant M. tuberculosis strains and should be considered a new repurposed drug for treatment of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant TB.

scholarly journals Draft Genome Sequences of Two Drug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates from Myanmar

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Htin Lin Aung ◽  
Thanda Tun ◽  
Elizabeth Permina ◽  
Wint Wint Nyunt ◽  
Si Thu Aung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Health Concerns ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Extensively Drug Resistant ◽  
Mdr Tb

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and lately, extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB) are increasing global health concerns. Here, we present the genome sequences of two MDR-TB isolates from Myanmar, one of 27 countries with a high MDR-TB burden, and describe a number of mutations consistent with these being XDR-TB isolates.

scholarly journals In VitroSusceptibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates to an Oral Carbapenem Alone or in Combination with β-Lactamase Inhibitors

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (11) ◽  
pp. 7010-7014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuhiro Horita ◽  
Shinji Maeda ◽  
Yuko Kazumi ◽  
Norio Doi
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Human Blood ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Extensively Drug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Drug Resistant Strains

ABSTRACTWe evaluated the antituberculosis (anti-TB) activity of five β-lactams alone or in combination with β-lactamase inhibitors against 41 clinical isolates ofMycobacterium tuberculosis, including multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant strains. Of those, tebipenem, an oral carbapenem, showed the most potent anti-TB activity against clinical isolates, with a MIC range of 0.125 to 8 μg/ml, which is achievable in the human blood. More importantly, in the presence of clavulanate, MIC values of tebipenem declined to 2 μg/ml or less.

scholarly journals Meropenem-Clavulanic Acid Has HighIn VitroActivity against Multidrug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 3630-3632 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Davies Forsman ◽  
C. G. Giske ◽  
J. Bruchfeld ◽  
T. Schön ◽  
P. Juréen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Treatment Option ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Potential Treatment ◽  
Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Extensively Drug Resistant

ABSTRACTWe investigated the activity of meropenem-clavulanic acid (MEM-CLA) against 68Mycobacterium tuberculosisisolates. We included predominantly multi- and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/XDR-TB) isolates, since the activity of MEM-CLA for resistant isolates has previously not been studied extensively. Using Middlebrook 7H10 medium, all but four isolates showed an MIC distribution of 0.125 to 2 mg/liter for MEM-CLA, below the non-species-related breakpoint for MEM of 2 mg/liter defined by EUCAST. MEM-CLA is a potential treatment option for MDR/XDR-TB.

Emergence of Extensively Drug Resistant (XDR) Strains of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis in TB Patients in Kerala, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
Leny Jose Biljo V Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Extensively Drug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Drug Resistant Strains

We report the detection of extensively drug resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Kerala, India. Earlier we had reported that 22 of 206 local isolates were multidrug resistant. Now, we tested the same isolates for their resistance to ofloxacin and amikacin. Six among the MDR isolates showed resistance to both drugs and therefore fall under XDR category.

scholarly journals Whole genome analysis of extensively drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains in Peru

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Santos-Lazaro ◽  
Ronnie G. Gavilan ◽  
Lely Solari ◽  
Aiko N. Vigo ◽  
Zully M. Puyen
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Annual Number ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Resistance Mutations ◽  
Whole Genome Analysis ◽  
Evolutionary Patterns ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Extensively Drug Resistant

AbstractPeru has the highest burden of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in the Americas region. Since 1999, the annual number of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) Peruvian cases has been increasing, becoming a public health challenge. The objective of this study was to perform genomic characterization of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains obtained from Peruvian patients with XDR-TB diagnosed from 2011 to 2015 in Peru. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) was performed on 68 XDR-TB strains from different regions of Peru. 58 (85.3%) strains came from the most populated districts of Lima and Callao. Concerning the lineages, 62 (91.2%) strains belonged to the Euro-American Lineage, while the remaining 6 (8.8%) strains belonged to the East-Asian Lineage. Most strains (90%) had high-confidence resistance mutations according to pre-established WHO-confident grading system. Discordant results between microbiological and molecular methodologies were caused by mutations outside the hotspot regions analysed by commercial molecular assays (rpoB I491F and inhA S94A). Cluster analysis using a cut-off ≤ 10 SNPs revealed that only 23 (34%) strains evidenced recent transmission links. This study highlights the relevance and utility of WGS as a high-resolution approach to predict drug resistance, analyse transmission of strains between groups, and determine evolutionary patterns of circulating XDR-TB strains in the country.

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