scholarly journals Potensi Cendawan Endofit dari Bunga Bawang Dayak untuk Menekan Pertumbuhan Ralstonia solanacearum pada Tanaman Tomat

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Putri Wulan Cahyani ◽  
Noor Laili Aziza ◽  
Yusriadi Marsuni
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Bacterial Wilt Disease ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Cultivation of tomato plants (Lycopesicum esculentum Mill.) Is often exposed to plant diseases. One of the diseases that often attacks tomato plants is bacterial wilt disease caused by R. solanacearum. Therefore, it is necessary to have biological control with the application of an antagonistic agent, namely the provision of endophytic fungi from dayak onion flowers. This study aims to determine the types of endophytic fungi in dayak onion flowers and to determine the potential of endophytic fungi in suppressing the growth of R. solanacearum. This research was conducted from February to May 2020, taking samples of dayak onion flowers in the Experimental Field of the Faculty of Agriculture and samples of symptomatic tomato plants on the Karang Anyar Farmer Group's land then continued with isolation, purification, identification, and antagonistic testing at the Production Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarbaru. The method used in this study was a one-factor completely randomized design (CRD) with nine treatments, namely C1 = endophytic fungi A + R. solanacearum, C2 = endophytic fungi B + R. solanacearum, C3 = endophytic fungi F + R. solanacearum, C4 = endophytic fungi G + R. solanacearum, C5 = endophytic fungi I + R. solanacearum, C6 = endophytic fungi J + R. solanacearum, C7 = endophytic fungi K + R. solanacearum, C8 = fungi endophytic N + R. solanacearum, and C9 = endophytic fungi P + R. solanacearum and repeated three times. This study used a comparison, namely control with three replications, in order to obtain 30 experimental units. The results of this study that endophytic fungi from dayak onion flowers have the potential to suppress the growth of R. solanacearum. Based on the research, there were 17 endophytic fungi from dayak onion flowers with nine endophytic fungi which had the fastest growth rate of radius. Fungi with the genus Colletotrichum sp., Mucor sp., and Papulaspora sp. has the potential to suppress the growth of R. solanacearum with moderate to strong percentage of inhibition.

scholarly journals The Abilities of Endophytic and Biofertilizing Bacteria and Their Combinations to Suppress Bacterial Wilt Disease (Ralstonia solanacearum) of Chili

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noor Istifadaha ◽  
Dewi Nurma Yanti Ningtyasb ◽  
Pujawati Suryatmana ◽  
Betty Natalie Fitriatin
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Disease Suppression ◽  
Bacterial Wilt Disease ◽  
Environmentally Friendly Method

Bacterial wilt disease (Ralstonia solanacearum) is one of the most important diseases in Solanaceae, including chili. Biological control is one of environmentally-friendly method for controlling plant diseases. Microbes that are potential as biological control agents include bacterial endophytes and bacteria that are usually used as biofertilizer. This paper discusses the result of the study that examined the abilities of endophytic and biofertilizing bacteria solely or in combination to suppress bacterial wilt disease (R. solanacearum). The endophytic bacteria isolates tested were Lysinibacillus sp. and Bacillus subtilis, while biofertilizing bacteria used were N-fixing bacteria (Azotobacter chrococcum) and P-solubilizing bacteria (Pseudomonas cepacea). The results showed that the endophytic bacteria, biofertilizing bacteria and their combination inhibited wilt disease incidence in chili by 46.7-80 %. The highest disease suppression (80 %) showed by the endophytic bacteria, B. subtilis. This endophyte was also able to promote a significant chili growth. Keywords: Ralstonia solanacearum, Endophytic bacteria, Biofertilizer, Biological control, Chili.

scholarly journals PENGENDALIAN PENYAKIT LAYU BAKTERI (RALSTONIA SOLANACEARUM) PADA TANAMAN TOMAT DENGAN PENYAMBUNGAN BATANG BAWAH TAHAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 295-306
Author(s):  
Annisatul Choiriyah ◽  
Suhartiningsih Dwi Nurcahyanti
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Period ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Natural Resistance ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Bacterial Wilt Disease ◽  
Severity Of Disease ◽  
Randomized Design

Tomato plant is one of horticultural commodities that plays an important role in agricultural of Indonesia. The production of tomato is constrained by bacterial wilt (R. solanacearum). The development of the disease will increase rapidly in rainy season. This causes the production of tomato decreases for about 30-60%. The alternative effort to control the bacterial wilt (R. solanacearum) done by grafting the commercial tomato plants that are susceptible to noncommercial tomato that have natural resistance to the infection of this pathogen. Suseptible tomato Betavila F1 variety is used for scion. As resistant rootstocks are Rewako F1 and Mawar variety. The grafting done through splice grafting. The experimental design used was Complete Randomized Design with 5 treatments of 4 repetitions with each unit consisted of 5 plants. The observed parameters were incubation period, incidence of disease, severity of disease, infection rate and plant growt. The results of observation data were analyzed by using variance. The grafting treatment between Rewako F1 + Betavia F1 varieties became the best result to inhibit the bacterial wilt of R. solanacearum incubation period 14 Day After Inculation (DAI), incidence of disease 28,00%, infection rate 0,00500 unit/day and necrosis in stem 5,50%. The grafting treatment was not able to increase the component of plant growth. Keywords: Grafting, Tomato, Bacterial wilt disease

scholarly journals Trehalose induces tomato defenses and increases drought tolerance and bacterial wilt disease resistance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
April M MacIntyre ◽  
Valerian Meline ◽  
Zachary Gorman ◽  
Steven P Augustine ◽  
Carolyn J Dye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Xylem Sap ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Bacterial Wilt Disease ◽  
Infected Tomato ◽  
Use Efficiency

Ralstonia solanacearum causes plant bacterial wilt disease, leading to severe crop losses. Xylem sap from R. solanacearum-infected tomato is enriched in host produced trehalose. Water stressed plants accumulate the disaccharide trehalose, which increases drought tolerance via abscisic acid (ABA) signaling networks. Because infected plants have reduced water flow, we hypothesized that bacterial wilt physiologically mimics drought stress, which trehalose could mitigate. Transcriptomic responses of susceptible vs. resistant tomato plants to R. solanacearum infection revealed differential expression of drought-associated genes, including those involved in ABA and trehalose metabolism. ABA was enriched in xylem sap from R. solanacearum-infected plants. Treating roots with ABA lowered stomatal conductance and reduced R. solanacearum stem colonization. Treating roots with trehalose increased ABA in xylem sap and reduced plant water use by reducing stomatal conductance and temporarily improving water use efficiency. Further, trehalose-treated plants were more resistant to bacterial wilt disease. Trehalose treatment also upregulated expression of salicylic acid (SA)-dependent defense genes, increased xylem sap levels of SA and other antimicrobial compounds, and increased wilt resistance of SA-insensitive NahG tomato plants. Additionally, trehalose treatment increased xylem concentrations of jasmonic acid and related oxylipins. Together, these data show that exogenous trehalose reduced both water stress and bacterial wilt disease and triggered systemic resistance. This suite of responses revealed unexpected linkages between plant responses to biotic and abiotic stress and suggests that that R. solanacearum-infected tomato plants produce more trehalose to improve water use efficiency and increase wilt disease resistance. In turn, R. solanacearum degrades trehalose as a counter-defense.

scholarly journals Streptomyces sp.: Characterization, Identification and Its Potential as a Ralstonia solanacearum Biological Control Agent in vitro

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 89-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachmad Saputra ◽  
Triwidodo Arwiyanto ◽  
Arif Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Streptomyces Sp ◽  
Bacterial Wilt Disease ◽  
Wide Range

Streptomyces sp. bacteria have the potential to produce antibiotic compounds, which are one of the mechanisms that are widely used in biological control. However, in general, biological control mechanisms also occur through competition, cell wall degradation and induced resistance. This study was aimed to determine the physiological, biochemical and molecular characteristics of two isolates of Streptomyces sp. (S-4 and S16 isolates) isolated from the tomatoes roots, and to find out their ability to control Ralstonia solanacearum, which causes bacterial wilt disease on a wide range of hosts. The results showed both Streptomyces sp. isolates had several different physiological and biochemical characteristics and had a different ability to inhibit R. solanacearum in vitro. Streptomyces sp. S-16 isolate had a high similarity with Streptomyces diastaticus subsp. ardesiacus strain NRRL B-1773T based on the molecular identification results. Further research needs to be done to see the potential inhibition of the two Streptomyces isolates in inhibiting the development of bacterial wilt disease in tomato plants caused by R. solanacearum.

Biological Control of Bacterial Wilt Disease

1992 ◽  
pp. 756-758
Author(s):  
Aoki Michiko ◽  
Uehara Kyoko ◽  
Tsuji Kazumasa ◽  
Iijima Masaharu ◽  
Ishizu Yoshiaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Bacterial Wilt Disease

scholarly journals Bacterial Tomato Pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum Invasion Modulates Rhizosphere Compounds and Facilitates the Cascade Effect of Fungal Pathogen Fusarium solani

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 806
Author(s):  
Lv Su ◽  
Lifan Zhang ◽  
Duoqian Nie ◽  
Eiko E. Kuramae ◽  
Biao Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Bacterial Wilt Disease ◽  
Pathogen Invasion

Soil-borne pathogen invasions can significantly change the microbial communities of the host rhizosphere. However, whether bacterial Ralstonia solanacearum pathogen invasion influences the abundance of fungal pathogens remains unclear. In this study, we combined high-throughput sequencing, qPCR, liquid chromatography and soil culture experiments to analyze the rhizosphere fungal composition, co-occurrence of fungal communities, copy numbers of functional genes, contents of phenolic acids and their associations in healthy and bacterial wilt-diseased tomato plants. We found that R. solanacearum invasion increased the abundance of the soil-borne pathogen Fusarium solani. The concentrations of three phenolic acids in the rhizosphere soil of bacterial wilt-diseased tomato plants were significantly higher than those in the rhizosphere soil of healthy tomato plants. In addition, the increased concentrations of phenolic acids significantly stimulated F. solani growth in the soil. Furthermore, a simple fungal network with fewer links, nodes and hubs (highly connected nodes) was found in the diseased tomato plant rhizosphere. These results indicate that once the symptom of bacterial wilt disease is observed in tomato, the roots of the wilt-diseased tomato plants need to be removed in a timely manner to prevent the enrichment of other fungal soil-borne pathogens. These findings provide some ecological clues for the mixed co-occurrence of bacterial wilt disease and other fungal soil-borne diseases.

scholarly journals Activity test of Bacillus Spp against bacterial wilt (R. solanacearum) on tomatoes by in vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 883 (1) ◽  
pp. 012027
Author(s):  
G N C Tuhumury ◽  
J V Hasinu ◽  
H Kesaulya
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Bacterial Wilt Disease ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Chemical Pesticides

Abstract Ralstonia solanocearum is a pathogenic bacteria that attacks tomatoes and causes wilt disease. Many efforts have been made to control this disease through cultivation, use of chemical pesticides, and development of resistant varieties, but bacterial wilt disease remains a serious problem economically. Nowadays, many biological controls are being developed using microbes. The use of Bacillus spp as an unfriendly microbe is very potential to control because it has pathogenic inhibitory activity. This study aims to obtain bacterial isolates of Bacillus spp which can suppress the development of bacterial wilt disease in tomato plants. The research was conducted in vitro at the Laboratory of Plant Physiology in the Agriculture Faculty, Unpatti. The results showed that Bacillus niabensis strain PT-32-1 and Bacillus subtilis strain SW116b could inhibit Ralstonia solanacearum, wilt disease in tomato plants in vitro.

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