scholarly journals White Matter Integrity Correlates of the Reading Span

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina V. Pechenkova ◽  
Yana R. Panikratova ◽  
Maria A. Fomina ◽  
Elena A. Mershina ◽  
Daria A. Bazhenova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Structural Connectivity ◽  
Verbal Working Memory ◽  
The Body ◽  
White Matter Integrity ◽  
Reading Span ◽  
The Right

Although working memory (WM) is crucial for intellectual abilities, not much is known about its brain underpinnings, especially the structural connectivity. We used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to look across the whole brain for the white matter integrity correlates of the individual differences in the reading span (verbal WM capacity during reading) in healthy adults. Right-handed healthy native Russian speakers (N = 67) underwent DTI on a 3T Philips Ingenia scanner. Verbal WM was assessed with the Daneman-Carpenter reading span test (Russian version). Fractional anisotropy maps from each participant were entered into the group tract-based spatial statistics analysis with the reading span as a covariate; the results were TFCE-corrected. After taking into account effects of age, sex, education and handedness, reading span positively correlated with the white matter integrity in multiple sites: the body, the genu and the splenium of corpus callosum; bilateral corona radiata (anterior, posterior, and superior); bilateral superior longitudinal fasciculus; several tracts in the right hemisphere only, including the internal and external capsule; bilateral superior parietal and frontal white matter. Although the left hemisphere is central for verbal processing, we revealed the important role of the right hemisphere white matter for the verbal WM capacity. Our finding indicates that larger verbal working memory span may originate from additional processing resources of the right hemisphere.

scholarly journals White Matter Integrity in the Right Hemisphere Correlates with the Reading Span

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Pechenkova ◽  
Yana Panikratova ◽  
Maria Fomina ◽  
Elena Mershina ◽  
Daria Bazhenova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Structural Connectivity ◽  
Verbal Working Memory ◽  
The Body ◽  
White Matter Integrity ◽  
Reading Span ◽  
The Right

Although working memory (WM) is crucial for intellectual abilities, not much is known about its brain underpinnings, especially the structural connectivity. We used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to look across the whole brain for the white matter integrity correlates of the individual differences in the reading span (verbal WM capacity during reading) in healthy adults. Right-handed healthy native Russian speakers (N = 47) underwent DTI on a 3T Philips Ingenia scanner. Verbal WM was assessed with the Daneman-Carpenter reading span test (Russian version). Fractional anisotropy maps from each participant were entered into the group tract-based spatial statistics analysis with the reading span as a covariate; the results were TFCE-corrected. Reading span positively correlated with the white matter integrity in several sites of the right hemisphere: the body and the splenium of corpus callosum; the posterior limb of internal capsule; posterior corona radiata; and superior parietal white matter. Although the left hemisphere is central for verbal processing, we revealed the important role of the right hemisphere white matter for the verbal WM capacity. Our finding indicates that larger verbal working memory span may originate from additional processing resources of the right hemisphere.

scholarly journals White Matter Abnormalities in Body Integrity Dysphoria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianluca Saetta ◽  
Kathy Ruddy ◽  
Laura Zapparoli ◽  
Martina Gandola ◽  
Gerardo Salvato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Structural Connectivity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Limb Amputation ◽  
Middle Temporal Gyrus ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Severe Condition ◽  
The Right

Body integrity dysphoria (BID) is a severe condition affecting non-psychotic individuals where a limb may be experienced as non-belonging, despite normal anatomical development and intact sensorimotor functions. Limb amputation is desired for restoring their own identity. We previously demonstrated altered brain structural (gray matter) and functional connectivity in 16 men with a long-lasting and exclusive desire for left leg amputation. Here we aimed to identify in the same sample altered patterns of white matter structural connectivity. Fractional anisotropy (FA), derived from Diffusion Tensor Imaging data, was considered as a measure of structural connectivity. Results showed reduced structural connectivity of: i) the right superior parietal lobule (rSPL) with the right cuneus, superior occipital and posterior cingulate gyri, and cuneus, ii) the pars orbitalis of the right middle frontal gyrus (rMFGOrb) with the putamen iii) the left middle temporal gyrus (lMTG) with the pars triangularis of the left inferior frontal gyrus. Increased connectivity was observed between the right paracentral lobule (rPLC) and the right caudate nucleus. By using a complementary method of investigation, we confirmed and extended previous results showing alterations in areas tuned to the processing of the sensorimotor representations of the affected leg (rPCL), and to higher-order components of bodily representation such as the body image (rSPL). Alongside this network for bodily awareness, other networks such as the limbic (rMFGOrb) and the mirror (lMTG) systems showed structural alterations as well. These findings consolidate current understanding of the neural correlates of BID, which might in turn guide diagnostics and rehabilitative treatments.

scholarly journals Structural brain signature of cognitive decline in Parkinson’s disease: DTI-based evidence from the LANDSCAPE study

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 175628641984344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Gorges ◽  
Hans-Peter Müller ◽  
Inga Liepelt-Scarfone ◽  
Alexander Storch ◽  
Richard Dodel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Structural Connectivity ◽  
Structural Data ◽  
The Body ◽  
Normal Cognitive Function

Background: The nonmotor symptom spectrum of Parkinson’s disease (PD) includes progressive cognitive decline mainly in late stages of the disease. The aim of this study was to map the patterns of altered structural connectivity of patients with PD with different cognitive profiles ranging from cognitively unimpaired to PD-associated dementia. Methods: Diffusion tensor imaging and neuropsychological data from the observational multicentre LANDSCAPE study were analyzed. A total of 134 patients with PD with normal cognitive function (56 PD-N), mild cognitive impairment (67 PD-MCI), and dementia (11 PD-D) as well as 72 healthy controls were subjected to whole-brain-based fractional anisotropy mapping and covariance analysis with cognitive performance measures. Results: Structural data indicated subtle changes in the corpus callosum and thalamic radiation in PD-N, whereas severe white matter impairment was observed in both PD-MCI and PD-D patients including anterior and inferior fronto-occipital, uncinate, insular cortices, superior longitudinal fasciculi, corona radiata, and the body of the corpus callosum. These regional alterations were demonstrated for PD-MCI and were more pronounced in PD-D. The pattern of involved regions was significantly correlated with the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease (CERAD) total score. Conclusions: The findings in PD-N suggest impaired cross-hemispherical white matter connectivity that can apparently be compensated for. More pronounced involvement of the corpus callosum as demonstrated for PD-MCI together with affection of fronto-parieto-temporal structural connectivity seems to lead to gradual disruption of cognition-related cortico-cortical networks and to be associated with the onset of overt cognitive deficits. The increase of regional white matter damage appears to be associated with the development of PD-associated dementia.

scholarly journals Testing Conclusions From Functional Imaging of Working Memory with Data From Acute Stroke

2007 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa E. Philipose ◽  
Hannah Alphs ◽  
Vivek Prabhakaran ◽  
Argye E. Hillis
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Functional Imaging ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Spatial Working Memory ◽  
Verbal Working Memory ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Imaging Results ◽  
Cortical Stroke ◽  
The Right

Functional imaging studies indicate that the left hemisphere mediates verbal working memory, while the right hemisphere mediates both verbal and spatial working memory. We evaluated acute stroke patients with working memory tests and imaging to identify whether unilateral dysfunction causes deficits in spatial and/or verbal working memory deficits. While left cortical stroke patients had verbal working memory impairments (p< 0.003), right cortical stroke patients had both verbal (p< 0.007) and spatial working memory (p< 0.03) impairments, confirming functional imaging results. Patients with transient ischemic stroke and patients with non-cortical stroke did not have significant deficits in working memory in either modality.

scholarly journals Correlation between DTI effect and white matter structural integrity, working memory in leukoaraiosis patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 2714-2721
Author(s):  
XIAOFENG YANG ◽  
◽  
WANMENG XIE ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Color Word ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Mean Diffusivity ◽  
Lesion Group ◽  
Cingulum Bundle ◽  
The Right ◽  
White Matter Area

Our objective was to study the correlation between Diffusion tensor MR imaging (DTI) effect and white matter structural integrity, working memory in leukoaraiosis patients. 100 leukoaraiosis patients referring to the First Affiliated Hospital of Beijing Medical University from December 2018 to December 2019, were selected as study subjects and divided into four groups according to disease severity: lesion-free group, mild lesion group, moderate lesion group, and severe lesion group. All patients underwent magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging to collect DWI images and analyze Fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), ReHo values of white matter area under different grading. The patients’ working memory was tested via auditory verb learning test and Stroop color word test, so that correlation between white matter structural integrity and working memory can be analyzed. Results: There are statistically significant differences in FA values of the right posterior thalamic radiation, the right sagittal layer and the right superior longitudinal fasciculus, MD values of the right sagittal layer, the right cingulum bundle, the left cingulum bundle, the right inferior fasciculus fronto-occipitalis and the left inferior fasciculus frontooccipitalis, as well as instant recall, delayed recall, delayed recognition, card A (dot), card B (character), card C (color word) and SIE value (P<0.01). Correlation is shown between white matter structural integrity and working memory, gender, age, grading, disease course, recurrence interval, white matter area, and testing methods. There was a correlation between DTI effect and white matter structural integrity, working memory in leukoaraiosis patients, and leukoaraiosis patients have memory impairment.

scholarly journals A prospective study of physician-observed concussion during a varsity university hockey season: white matter integrity in ice hockey players. Part 3 of 4

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. E3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inga K. Koerte ◽  
David Kaufmann ◽  
Elisabeth Hartl ◽  
Sylvain Bouix ◽  
Ofer Pasternak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Spatial Statistics ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Ice Hockey ◽  
White Matter Integrity ◽  
Posterior Limb ◽  
Hockey Players ◽  
Tract Based Spatial Statistics ◽  
The Right

Object The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of repetitive head impacts on white matter integrity that were sustained during 1 Canadian Interuniversity Sports (CIS) ice hockey season, using advanced diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Methods Twenty-five male ice hockey players between 20 and 26 years of age (mean age 22.24 ± 1.59 years) participated in this study. Participants underwent pre- and postseason 3-T MRI, including DTI. Group analyses were performed using paired-group tract-based spatial statistics to test for differences between preseason and postseason changes. Results Tract-based spatial statistics revealed an increase in trace, radial diffusivity (RD), and axial diffusivity (AD) over the course of 1 season. Compared with preseason data, postseason images showed higher trace, AD, and RD values in the right precentral region, the right corona radiata, and the anterior and posterior limb of the internal capsule. These regions involve parts of the corticospinal tract, the corpus callosum, and the superior longitudinal fasciculus. No significant differences were observed between preseason and postseason for fractional anisotropy. Conclusions Diffusion tensor imaging revealed changes in white matter diffusivity in male ice hockey players over the course of 1 season. The origin of these findings needs to be elucidated.

scholarly journals T48. DEVIATIONS IN MICRO AND MACRO WHITE MATTER STRUCTURES IN PSYCHOSIS PRONENESS

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S249-S250
Author(s):  
Seda Arslan ◽  
Tuba Şahin ◽  
Didenur Şahin ◽  
Timothea Toulopoulou
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Mean Diffusivity ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
White Matter Integrity ◽  
Psychosis Proneness ◽  
Brodmann Areas ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background Psychotic disorders are characterized by neurobiological deviations, including in the macro and microstructure of white matter. White matter alterations are also seen in psychosis-proneness and in individuals who have a high risk of psychosis. For example, studies have indicated decreases in white matter integrity in the genu/forceps minor of corpus callosum (CC) in the latter populations. Anterior corona radiata (ACR) is one crucial white-matter tract connecting the anterior cingulate cortex to the striatum. Indeed, reductions in the white matter structure of anterior genu of CC significantly predict the transition from ultra-high risk to psychosis. However, there is a gap in the literature related to observing the psychosis-proneness by applying both micro and macrostructural brain analyses, and most of the microstructural white matter studies in psychosis focus on fractional anisotropy (FA) and not include mean diffusivity (MD). Thus, the current study aims to assess whether white matter deviations in CG, ACR, and CC, are associated with psychosis proneness by combining both tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) and voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analyses in a sample of participants with psychosis proneness (PP) and without psychosis proneness (NPP). Methods The study included 53 participants (29 PP vs. 24 NPP) whose ages were between 17 and 24 years. Participants were split into two groups based on their scores on Structured Interview for Schizotypy assessment, a well-validated instrument of psychosis proneness. White matter integrity was analyzed via diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and white matter volume (WMV) via VBM. Two sample t-test was used in GLM for both DTI and VBM analyses. FA, MD, and VMV were compared between two groups to observe micro and macro white matter structure alterations in the region of interest. Results DTI analysis revealed decreased FA values in the right ACR and right genu of the CC in the psychosis-proneness group (F(1,52)= 7.37, p= 0.009). Moreover, VBM showed a significant WMV decreases in the right CG, Brodmann areas 8, 9, and 32 in the PP group (F(1,52)= 50.85, uncorrected p&lt;0.01). However, MD did not differ between the two groups (F(1,51)= 3.65, p=0.06) Discussion These findings suggest that PP associated with decreased white matter integrity in ACR, genu of CC, and also reduced white matter volumes in the right CG, Brodmann areas 8, 9, and 32. Significant FA decreases might result from alterations in radial or axial diffusivity since we did not observe significant MD differences between two groups. The current findings suggested that participants with PP had both macro and micro white matter structure disruptions, mostly in frontal parts of the right cerebrum, compared to no PP group.

scholarly journals Reduction in White Matter Connectivity, Revealed by Diffusion Tensor Imaging, May Account for Age-related Changes in Face Perception

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 268-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cibu Thomas ◽  
Linda Moya ◽  
Galia Avidan ◽  
Kate Humphreys ◽  
Kwan Jin Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Face Perception ◽  
Face Processing ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Temporal Cortex ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Right ◽  
White Matter Connectivity

An age-related decline in face processing, even under conditions in which learning and memory are not implicated, has been well documented, but the mechanism underlying this perceptual alteration remains unknown. Here, we examine whether this behavioral change may be accounted for by a reduction in white matter connectivity with age. To this end, we acquired diffusion tensor imaging data from 28 individuals aged 18 to 86 years and quantified the number of fibers, voxels, and fractional anisotropy of the two major tracts that pass through the fusiform gyrus, the pre-eminent face processing region in the ventral temporal cortex. We also measured the ability of a subset of these individuals to make fine-grained discriminations between pairs of faces and between pairs of cars. There was a significant reduction in the structural integrity of the inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus (IFOF) in the right hemisphere as a function of age on all dependent measures and there were also some changes in the left hemisphere, albeit to a lesser extent. There was also a clear age-related decrement in accuracy of perceptual discrimination, especially for more challenging perceptual discriminations, and this held to a greater degree for faces than for cars. Of greatest relevance, there was a robust association between the reduction of IFOF integrity in the right hemisphere and the decline in face perception, suggesting that the alteration in structural connectivity between the right ventral temporal and frontal cortices may account for the age-related difficulties in face processing.

scholarly journals Lead exposure is associated with functional and microstructural changes in the healthy human brain

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hikaru Takeuchi ◽  
Yasuyuki Taki ◽  
Rui Nouchi ◽  
Ryoichi Yokoyama ◽  
Yuka Kotozaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Dopaminergic System ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Lead Level ◽  
Mean Diffusivity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Microstructural Properties ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Lead Levels ◽  
The Right

AbstractLead is a toxin known to harm many organs in the body, particularly the central nervous system, across an individual’s lifespan. To date, no study has yet investigated the associations between body lead level and the microstructural properties of gray matter areas, and brain activity during attention-demanding tasks. Here, utilizing data of diffusion tensor imaging, functional magnetic resonance imaging and cognitive measures among 920 typically developing young adults, we show greater hair lead levels are weakly but significantly associated with (a) increased working memory-related activity in the right premotor and pre-supplemental motor areas, (b) lower fractional anisotropy (FA) in white matter areas near the internal capsule, (c) lower mean diffusivity (MD) in the dopaminergic system in the left hemisphere and other widespread contingent areas, and (d) greater MD in the white matter area adjacent to the right fusiform gyrus. Higher lead levels were also weakly but significantly associated with lower performance in tests of high-order cognitive functions, such as the psychometric intelligence test, greater impulsivity measures, and higher novelty seeking and extraversion. These findings reflect the weak effect of daily lead level on the excitability and microstructural properties of the brain, particularly in the dopaminergic system.

scholarly journals Interpersonal Competence in Young Adulthood and Right Laterality in White Matter

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1257-1265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola De Pisapia ◽  
Mauro Serra ◽  
Paola Rigo ◽  
Justin Jager ◽  
Nico Papinutto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Fractional Anisotropy ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Brain Lesion ◽  
Direct Analysis ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Interpersonal Competence ◽  
The Right ◽  
Interpersonal Competencies

The right hemisphere of the human brain is known to be involved in processes underlying emotion and social cognition. Clinical neuropsychology investigations and brain lesion studies have linked a number of personality and social disorders to abnormal white matter (WM) integrity in the right hemisphere. Here, we tested the hypothesis that interpersonal competencies are associated with integrity of WM tracts in the right hemisphere of healthy young adults. Thirty-one participants underwent diffusion tensor imaging scanning. Fractional anisotropy was used to quantify water diffusion. After the scanning session, participants completed the Adolescent Interpersonal Competence Questionnaire. Fractional anisotropy was subsequently correlated with Adolescent Interpersonal Competence Questionnaire scores using tract-based spatial statistics. Higher interpersonal competencies are related to higher WM integrity in several major tracts of the right hemisphere, in specific the uncinate fasciculus, the cingulum, the forceps minor, the infero-fronto occipital fasciculus, the inferior longitudinal fasciculus, and the superior longitudinal fasciculus. These results provide the first direct analysis of the neuroanatomical basis of interpersonal competencies and young adult self-reported skills in social contexts.

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