Evaluation of Cognition of Information Which is Stimulated by the Sense of Touch Using Phantom Sensation and Apparent Movement

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-94
Author(s):  
Tota Mizuno ◽  
◽  
Hirotoshi Asano ◽  
Hideto Ide
Keyword(s):  
Apparent Movement ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Handicapped Person ◽  
Position Information ◽  
Vibration Strength ◽  
The Core ◽  
Driver's License ◽  
Direction Information ◽  
Sense Of Touch ◽  
Car Navigation

The use of a car navigation device by a heavy auditory handicapped person is anticipated because acquisition restriction of driver's license becomes easy. This study is aimed for development of the sense of touch navigation which assumed the use of a car navigation device by a heavy auditory handicapped person. It is occurrence by phantom sensation to tactile perception with the tactile motor of the Flatness type and the core is unbalanced which attached to the both ears back, and we tried transmission of position information. The result of having compared an occurrence position by the vibration strength ratio with a recognition occurrence position by phantom sensation, high correlation was provided in all subjects. In addition, we evaluated performance as a presentation method. The resolving power that could show Phantom Sensation by a vibration motor was 6 from 4. As result, possibility of transmission of right and left direction information was suggested.

scholarly journals Flat Field Soft X-ray Spectrometry with Reflection Zone Plates on a Curved Substrate

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (20) ◽  
pp. 7210
Author(s):  
Jürgen Probst ◽  
Christoph Braig ◽  
Alexei Erko
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Optical Element ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Core ◽  
Zone Plates ◽  
Flat Field ◽  
Curved Substrate ◽  
Absolute Quantum ◽  
Upper Boundary

We report on the first experimental results obtained with a newly designed instrument for high-resolution soft X-ray spectroscopy, using reflection zone plates (RZPs) on a spherical substrate. The spectrometer was tested with a fluorescence source. High-resolution flat field spectra within ±50% around the design energies were measured at an interval of 150–750 eV, using only two RZPs: the first RZP, with its design energy of 277 eV, covered the band of 150–370 eV, and the second RZP, with a design energy of 459 eV, covered the band of 350–750 eV, where the upper boundary of this energy range was defined by the Ni coating of the RZPs. The absolute quantum efficiency of the spectrometer, including the optical element and the detector, was, on average, above 10%, and reached 20% at the designed energies of the RZPs. The resolving power E/∆E exceeded 600 for energies E inside the core range of 200–550 eV.

A Basic Study on Tactile Navigation Using Vibration Motor Braking by Skin Against Vibration and Body Positioning Suitable for Tactile Information Presentation

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 501-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tota Mizuno ◽  
◽  
Masafumi Uchida ◽  
Hideto Ide ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Discrimination Threshold ◽  
Physical Measurement ◽  
Information Presentation ◽  
Basic Study ◽  
Tactile Information ◽  
Vibration Strength ◽  
Body Positioning ◽  
Tactile Navigation ◽  
Car Navigation ◽  
Hearing Problems

This paper presents results of a basic study on tactile navigation using vibration motors. It includes studies about appropriate position finding for information presentation navigation that used a vibration motor. We examined skin vibration and vibration strength generated by a vibration motor by physical measurement. Section 1 discusses the need for a new car navigation device that meets the needs of those with hearing problems. Section 2 discusses three experiments for measuring (1) skin hardness, (2) vibration, and (3) discrimination threshold. Section 3 discuss results of experiments.

The Product Surface Remote Detection Method Based on the Single Laser Pulse Echo

2010 ◽  
Vol 156-157 ◽  
pp. 481-487
Author(s):  
Qun Zhan ◽  
Nan Sheng
Keyword(s):  
Detection Method ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Echo Signal ◽  
Signal Model ◽  
Position Information ◽  
Surface Detection ◽  
Single Laser ◽  
Intensity Information ◽  
Product Surface ◽  
Pulse Echo

Laser detecting technology can be utilized to the product surface detection for finding the surface deficiency. However, the improving resolving power of laser detecting system is limited by the laser footprint size on the product surface. Employing only echo delay and intensity information, the information of the surface inside the footprint is difficult to be obtained for the echo signal of the objects maybe is submerged by each other. Under the remote laser detecting, the serious loss of image quality may occur because of the large footprint. The product surface detection method based on the single laser return waveform was studied and the provided to get the objects information inside the laser footprint. Firstly, the basis laser echo signal model of the objects inside the footprint was built. On the basis, the decomposition algorithm was provided which can decompose a laser return waveform into a series of components assuming that each component corresponding to a sub-object inside the laser footprint. After the primary sub-target return waveforms was obtained, however, there still exists some small sub-objects inside the laser footprint whose return signal is hardly to be extracted because they are submerged by the neighborhood sub-objects return signal. The subtracting algorithm between the whole return waveform and the components waveform provides the way to get the submerged return waveforms of sub-target. So, the information of sub-objects inside the laser footprint would be obtained. In the end, the actual laser return data of the product surface was analyzed employing the method to get the range position information of the sub-objects inside the laser footprint, which verifies the method validity.

scholarly journals Identifying Core Regions for Path Integration on Medial Entorhinal Cortex of Hippocampal Formation

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Ayako Fukawa ◽  
Takahiro Aizawa ◽  
Hiroshi Yamakawa ◽  
Ikuko Eguchi Yairi
Keyword(s):  
Entorhinal Cortex ◽  
Path Integration ◽  
Firing Pattern ◽  
Hippocampal Formation ◽  
Pyramidal Cells ◽  
Core Region ◽  
Medial Entorhinal Cortex ◽  
Position Information ◽  
The Core ◽  
Cell Firing

Path integration is one of the functions that support the self-localization ability of animals. Path integration outputs position information after an animal’s movement when initial-position and movement information is input. The core region responsible for this function has been identified as the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC), which is part of the hippocampal formation that constitutes the limbic system. However, a more specific core region has not yet been identified. This research aims to clarify the detailed structure at the cell-firing level in the core region responsible for path integration from fragmentarily accumulated experimental and theoretical findings by reviewing 77 papers. This research draws a novel diagram that describes the MEC, the hippocampus, and their surrounding regions by focusing on the MEC’s input/output (I/O) information. The diagram was created by summarizing the results of exhaustively scrutinizing the papers that are relative to the I/O relationship, the connection relationship, and cell position and firing pattern. From additional investigations, we show function information related to path integration, such as I/O information and the relationship between multiple functions. Furthermore, we constructed an algorithmic hypothesis on I/O information and path-integration calculation method from the diagram and the information of functions related to path integration. The algorithmic hypothesis is composed of regions related to path integration, the I/O relations between them, the calculation performed there, and the information representations (cell-firing pattern) in them. Results of examining the hypothesis confirmed that the core region responsible for path integration was either stellate cells in layer II or pyramidal cells in layer III of the MEC.

What face familiarity feelings say about the lateralization of specific entities within the core system

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guido Gainotti
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Memory System ◽  
Core System ◽  
The Core ◽  
Memory Traces ◽  
Specific Memory ◽  
Target Article ◽  
Temporal Structures ◽  
The Right

Abstract The target article carefully describes the memory system, centered on the temporal lobe that builds specific memory traces. It does not, however, mention the laterality effects that exist within this system. This commentary briefly surveys evidence showing that clear asymmetries exist within the temporal lobe structures subserving the core system and that the right temporal structures mainly underpin face familiarity feelings.

Preparatory Procedures for Electron Microscopic Analysis at the Molecular Level of Resolution

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 516-520
Author(s):  
F.J. Sjostrand
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Cellular Structures ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Technical Developments ◽  
Thin Sectioning ◽  
Obvious Reason

In the 1940's and 1950's electron microscopy conferences were attended with everybody interested in learning about the latest technical developments for one very obvious reason. There was the electron microscope with its outstanding performance but nobody could make very much use of it because we were lacking proper techniques to prepare biological specimens. The development of the thin sectioning technique with its perfectioning in 1952 changed the situation and systematic analysis of the structure of cells could now be pursued. Since then electron microscopists have in general become satisfied with the level of resolution at which cellular structures can be analyzed when applying this technique. There has been little interest in trying to push the limit of resolution closer to that determined by the resolving power of the electron microscope.

The High Resolution Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 316-317
Author(s):  
A. V. Crewe
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope ◽  
Ultra High Vacuum ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
The Moment

The high resolution STEM is now a fact of life. I think that we have, in the last few years, demonstrated that this instrument is capable of the same resolving power as a CEM but is sufficiently different in its imaging characteristics to offer some real advantages.It seems possible to prove in a quite general way that only a field emission source can give adequate intensity for the highest resolution^ and at the moment this means operating at ultra high vacuum levels. Our experience, however, is that neither the source nor the vacuum are difficult to manage and indeed are simpler than many other systems and substantially trouble-free.

Transmission Electron Microscopy of Protein Macromolecules

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 424-425
Author(s):  
Henry S. Slayter
Keyword(s):  
Biological Systems ◽  
Metal Vapor ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
The Past ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Transmission Electron

Electron microscopic methods have been applied increasingly during the past fifteen years, to problems in structural molecular biology. Used in conjunction with physical chemical methods and/or Fourier methods of analysis, they constitute powerful tools for determining sizes, shapes and modes of aggregation of biopolymers with molecular weights greater than 50, 000. However, the application of the e.m. to the determination of very fine structure approaching the limit of instrumental resolving power in biological systems has not been productive, due to various difficulties such as the destructive effects of dehydration, damage to the specimen by the electron beam, and lack of adequate and specific contrast. One of the most satisfactory methods for contrasting individual macromolecules involves the deposition of heavy metal vapor upon the specimen. We have investigated this process, and present here what we believe to be the more important considerations for optimizing it. Results of the application of these methods to several biological systems including muscle proteins, fibrinogen, ribosomes and chromatin will be discussed.

The Broad Applications of the Scanning Electron Microscope

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 20-21
Author(s):  
C. T. Nightingale ◽  
S. E. Summers ◽  
T. P. Turnbull
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Surface Topography ◽  
Great Depth ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Depth Of Field ◽  
Pictorial Representations ◽  
Scanning Electron

The ease of operation of the scanning electron microscope has insured its wide application in medicine and industry. The micrographs are pictorial representations of surface topography obtained directly from the specimen. The need to replicate is eliminated. The great depth of field and the high resolving power provide far more information than light microscopy.

Closing the GAP—A 5Å Scanning Microscope

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 6-7
Author(s):  
A. V. Crewe
Keyword(s):  
Normal Form ◽  
The Other ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Scanning Microscope ◽  
Conventional Microscope ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Closing The Gap ◽  
Thermal Sources ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Transmission Microscope

We have become accustomed to differentiating between the scanning microscope and the conventional transmission microscope according to the resolving power which the two instruments offer. The conventional microscope is capable of a point resolution of a few angstroms and line resolutions of periodic objects of about 1Å. On the other hand, the scanning microscope, in its normal form, is not ordinarily capable of a point resolution better than 100Å. Upon examining reasons for the 100Å limitation, it becomes clear that this is based more on tradition than reason, and in particular, it is a condition imposed upon the microscope by adherence to thermal sources of electrons.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document