scholarly journals Morfologi dan Produksi Beberapa Aksesi Sagu (Metroxylon spp.) di Distrik Iwaka, Kabupaten Mimika, Papua / Morphology and Production of Some Sago Palm Accessions in Iwaka, Mimika District, Papua Province

Buletin Palma ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Fendri Ahmad ◽  
Mochamad Hasjim Bintoro ◽  
Supijatno Supijatno
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Character ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Sago Palm ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Starch Production

<p>Sago is a carbohydrate-producing palm witharea about 382.198 ha in Mimika Regency. So far, research on the characterization of sago palm in this area has not existed, therefore it is necessary to do. The diversity of sago accessions in Mimika District is expected to be a source of germplasm and superior sago selection to support sago development. This study aims to obtain information about morphological characters and starch production of some sago accessions. The study was conducted using observation method of seven sago accessions, namely Mbupuri, Monepikiri, Mbapare, Tuwae, Aute, Iyaremeta and Bakaketemeta in Iwaka District, Mimika Regency, Papua Province. The result showed that the seven accessions sago differed based on morphological character namely stem, leaves and spine, and starch production. The Monepikiri accession has the longest stem and large stem diametre, namely 13.75 m and 59.00 cm, respectively. Accession Mbupuri has more leaves and wider leaves than the others. Accession Monepikiri has a production potential of more than 300 kg’s dried starch/palm and accession Mbupuri more than 200 kg’s dried starch/palm. Both accessions of this sago can be further investigated the stability of yield starch to be released as superior varieties. The morphological characters, especially the length of the stem affect the starch production because the starch is present in the pith of the stem.</p><p><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p><p>Sagu merupakan tanaman sumber karbohidrat dengan luas areal di Kabupaten Mimika 382.198 ha. Penelitian tentang karakterisasi aksesi sagu di Kabupaten ini belum ada, oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan. Keragaman aksesi sagu di Kabupaten Mimika diharapkan menjadi sumber plasma nutfah sagu, dan untuk seleksi sagu unggul untuk menunjang pengembangan sagu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk  mendapatkan informasi mengenai karakter morfologi dan produksi pati beberapa aksesi sagu. Penelitian menggunakan metode observasi terhadap tujuh aksesi sagu, yaitu Mbupuri, Monepikiri, Mbapare, Tuwae, Aute, Iyaremela dan Bakaketemeta. Penelitian dilakukan di Distrik Iwaka, Kabupaten Mimika, Provinsi Papua. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketujuh aksesi tersebut berbeda karaktermorfologinya, yaitu  batang, daun dan duri. Aksesi Monepikiri memiliki batang yang paling panjang dan diameter paling besar berturut-turut, yaitu 13,75 cm dan 59,00 cm. Aksesi Mbupuri memiliki jumlah daun paling banyak dan daun paling luas.Aksesi Monepikiri memiliki potensi produksi lebih dari 300 kg pati kering/pohon dan aksesi Mbupuri &gt;200 kg pati kering/pohon. Kedua aksesi ini dapat diteliti lebih lanjut kestabilan hasilnya untuk dilepas sebagai varietas unggul. Karakter morfologi khususnya panjang batang mempengaruhi produksi, karena pati terdapat dalam empulur batang.</p>

scholarly journals Keragaan dan Potensi Produksi Kelapa Dalam Babasal; Performance of Babasal Tall and It’s Potential Production

Buletin Palma ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Elsje Tineke Tenda
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Potential Production ◽  
High Production ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
Vegetative Characters ◽  
Central Sulawesi

<p align="center"><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p><p>Rendahnya produksi  merupakan masalah dalam perkelapaan di Indonesia, sehingga perlu dicari kelapa-kelapa unggul lokal yang sudah beradaptasi pada suatu daerah untuk digunakan sebagai sumber benih dalam pengembangan kelapa di daerah tersebut. Kabupaten Banggai, adalah salah satu daerah penghasil utama kelapa di Sulawesi Tengah. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui keragaaan dan potensi produksi kelapa Dalam Babasal, dan potensi produksi benih sebagai materi pengembangan kelapa di Indonesia. Penelitian  dilakukan sejak tahun 2014  sampai 2017 di desa Taima, kecamatan Boalemo, Kabupaten Banggai  Sulawesi Tengah dengan metode  observasi. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap karakter morfologi meliputi karakter vegetatif, generatif, komponen buah, dan produksi. Selain itu dilakukan penilaian populasi blok pertanaman, seleksi dan evaluasi pohon induk sebagai sumber benih. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelapa Dalam Babasal memiliki potensi produksi tinggi 3,2 ton kopra/ha/tahun, kadar minyak kopra 61, 09%, kadar protein 8, 13% dan memiliki ciri spesifik, yaitu  jumlah buah  per tandan &gt; 10 butir, kadar minyak dan protein daging buah tinggi. Hasil penilaian populasi/blok pertanaman diperoleh bahwa populasi kelapa Dalam Babasal memenuhi syarat sebagai Blok Penghasil Tinggi (BPT). Seleksi pohon induk kelapa pada BPT di desa Taima diperoleh sebanyak 1.000 pohon induk terpilih. Potensi benih dari pohon induk terpilih (PIT) tersebut sebanyak 106.000 butir benih/tahun dapat digunakan untuk pengembangan kelapa di lahan seluas 481 ha. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan, maka populasi kelapa Dalam Babasal telah dilepas sebagai varietas kelapa unggul, dengan nama Kelapa Babasal.  Pohon-pohon induk terpilih dari populasi kelapa Dalam Babasal akan menjadi  materi pemuliaan untuk perakitan varietas unggul dan sebagai sumber benih untuk pengembangan kelapa di provinsi Sulawesi Tengah dan daerah-daerah yang memiliki iklim yang sama seperti di kabupaten Banggai.</p><p align="center"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p>Low of production is the problem in coconut plantation in Indonesia, therefore it needs to be found local superior coconut which already  adapted at certain area. Banggai  District, is one of the main coconut producing region in Central Sulawesi . The study was conducted from 2014 to 2017 in the Taima village, Boalemo sub district, Banggai district, by using observation method. Data were collected for morphological characters include vegetative characters, generative characters, fruit   components, and nutrient content.  In addition, an assessment of population/block planting, selection and evaluation of the mother plant a source of seed. The objectives of this research is to find out the performance and production potency of Babasal Tall coconut  as  development  seeds resources of coconut development.   The result of research indicated that Babasal Tall variety has a high production potential as much as 3,00 tons of copra/ha/year, copra oil content of 61,09 %, protein 8,13 % and has a specific characteristic that is number of fruits/bunch &gt; 10 nuts,  high oil and protein content. The assessment results of Babasal coconut population obtained that qualify as High Yielding Block selection 1,000 selected mother palms. Potential seed of a number of the selected mother palm as much as 106,000 seeds/year that can be used for development in 481 ha/year. Based on the results that have been done, the Babasal Tall population has been released as the superior coconut varieties, with names Babasal Tall. Selected mother palms of Babasal coconut population will be a matterial for the breeding of superior varieties and as a source of seed for coconut development in the province of Central Sulawesi and the areas that have the climate like in Banggai district.</p>

scholarly journals Characterization of Rambutan Cultivars (Nephelium lappaceum L.) Based on Leaf Morphological and Genetic CharacterCharacterization of Rambutan Cultivars (Nephelium lappaceum) Based on Leaf Morphological and Genetic

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 252-259
Author(s):  
Andi Madihah Manggabarani ◽  
Tatik Chikmawati ◽  
Alex Hartana
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Character ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Issr Marker ◽  
Nephelium Lappaceum ◽  
Short Period ◽  
First Time ◽  
Simple Sequence ◽  
Issr Primers

Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum) is an economically important plant which is native to Indonesia and Malaysia. The diversity of rambutan in Indonesia is abundance especially in Kalimantan where the wild relatives still grow naturally. Rambutan cultivars are usually differed from each other based on fruit morphological characters. However, rambutan tree begins to fruiting for the first time in 3-4 years. Therefore, another character is needed to characterize each cultivar in a short period. The objectives of this study were to distinguish rambutan cultivars using leaf morphological and Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR). As many as 30 rambutan cultivars collected from Cipaku Orchard and Mekar Sari Park were observed for their morphological and ISSR characters. Six characters of were surveyed for leaf morphological character. For the genetic character, 6 out of 31 ISSR primers were assessed which resulted in 58 polymorphic bands (87%). As a result, leaf morphological characters overlapped among cultivars causing difficulties distinguishing each cultivar. ISSR marker, three major clusters have been identified according to UPGMA method. Index similarity among rambutan accessions from ISSR data ranged from 48-93%. As a conclusion, ISSR marker could be potentially applied rambutan cultivars characterization.

scholarly journals Morphology Characterization of Rhopalocera in Two Areas of Resort Bukit Tiga Puluh National Park Riau Province

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-137
Author(s):  
Ennie Chahyadi ◽  
Mayta Novaliza Isda ◽  
Appriliya Destiyana ◽  
Fitmawati Fitmawati ◽  
Desita Salbiah
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Morphological Character ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Butterfly Species ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
The Family ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Morphology Characterization

Bukit Tiga Puluh National park (TNBT) of Riau Province is a nature conservation area with a high diversity of fauna, one of which is the butterfly. Butterfly species diversity is influenced by the vegetation in their habitat. The TNBT utilization zone has a habitat type with varied vegetation. There is no information about the species of butterflies in the area. This study aimed to identify morphological character of butterflies and vegetation based on morphological characters. The method used was exploration. The catching area of the butterfly was the Granite waterfall and the Bukit Lancang path of TNBT utilization zone. Samples made as insectarium and herbarium. The  identification of butterfly characters consisted of the head, thorax, abdomen, legs and wings. There were a number of different types of butterflies and plants between the Granite waterfall area (22 and 28 species) and the Bukit Lancang paths (5 and 9 species). The type of butterfly was dominated by the family Nymphalidae. This is due to the amount of vegetation and environmental conditions that are more favorable in the granite waterfall area. The key determinants of butterfly species are the characters of the wing. The results of this study can contribute to maintaining the TNBT butterflies in Riau Province and also as database information of butterflies species in Indonesia.

scholarly journals Short Communication: A comparative study of phenotypes and starch production in sago palm (Metroxylon sagu) growing naturally in temporarily inundated and non inundated areas of South Sorong, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 1121-1126
Author(s):  
TOMAS YATER ◽  
HERMAN WAFOM TUBUR ◽  
CIPTA MELIALA ◽  
BARAHIMA ABBAS
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Starch Accumulation ◽  
Sago Palm ◽  
Vernacular Names ◽  
West Papua ◽  
Metroxylon Sagu ◽  
Starch Production

Abstract. Yater T, Tubur HW, Meliala C, Abbas B. 2019. Short Communication:  A comparative study of phenotypes and starch production in sago palm (Metroxylon sagu) growing naturally in temporarily inundated and non-inundated areas of South Sorong, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20:  1121-1126. Sago palm forests and sago palm semi cultivation are generally spread in swampy areas, seasonally inundated areas and non-inundated areas. The objectives of this study are to determine and compare the phenotypes of and starch production by sago palms growing naturally in the temporarily inundated areas (TIA type) and non-inundated areas (WIA type) in South Sorong District, West Papua Province, Indonesia. Sago palms of both habitats were found to be the same variety based on analysis of vernacular names and general characteristics. Comparison of morphological characters related to starch production of TIA and WIA types showed that there were no significant differences between the two studied types. The distribution of starch along the sago trunk was observed to be uneven, higher starch accumulation was found in the middle part of the trunk which was significantly different from the lower and upper parts of the trunk.

TEM characterization of Au/Polysilicon interactions

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 650-651
Author(s):  
N. David Theodore ◽  
Leslie H. Allen ◽  
C. Barry Carter ◽  
James W. Mayer
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase ◽  
Single Crystal Silicon ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Electrical Contacts ◽  
Silicon Substrates ◽  
Crystal Silicon ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Polysilicon Films ◽  
The Stability

Metal/polysilicon investigations contribute to an understanding of issues relevant to the stability of electrical contacts in semiconductor devices. These investigations also contribute to an understanding of Si lateral solid-phase epitactic growth. Metals such as Au, Al and Ag form eutectics with Si. reactions in these metal/polysilicon systems lead to the formation of large-grain silicon. Of these systems, the Al/polysilicon system has been most extensively studied. In this study, the behavior upon thermal annealing of Au/polysilicon bilayers is investigated using cross-section transmission electron microscopy (XTEM). The unique feature of this system is that silicon grain-growth occurs at particularly low temperatures ∽300°C).Gold/polysilicon bilayers were fabricated on thermally oxidized single-crystal silicon substrates. Lowpressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD) at 620°C was used to obtain 100 to 400 nm polysilicon films. The surface of the polysilicon was cleaned with a buffered hydrofluoric acid solution. Gold was then thermally evaporated onto the samples.

An Experimental Investigation on Thermal Conductivity and Viscosity of Graphene doped CNTs /TiO2 Nanofluid

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
A.M. Zetty Akhtar ◽  
M.M. Rahman ◽  
K. Kadirgama ◽  
M.A. Maleque
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Base Fluid ◽  
Minimum Quantity Lubrication ◽  
Cutting Fluid ◽  
Cutting Zone ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Zeta Potential Analysis

This paper presents the findings of the stability, thermal conductivity and viscosity of CNTs (doped with 10 wt% graphene)- TiO2 hybrid nanofluids under various concentrations. While the usage of cutting fluid in machining operation is necessary for removing the heat generated at the cutting zone, the excessive use of it could lead to environmental and health issue to the operators. Therefore, the minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) to replace the conventional flooding was introduced. The MQL method minimises the usage of cutting fluid as a step to achieve a cleaner environment and sustainable machining. However, the low thermal conductivity of the base fluid in the MQL system caused the insufficient removal of heat generated in the cutting zone. Addition of nanoparticles to the base fluid was then introduced to enhance the performance of cutting fluids. The ethylene glycol used as the base fluid, titanium dioxide (TiO2) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) nanoparticle mixed to produce nanofluids with concentrations of 0.02 to 0.1 wt.% with an interval of 0.02 wt%. The mixing ratio of TiO2: CNTs was 90:10 and ratio of SDBS (surfactant): CNTs was 10:1. The stability of nanofluid checked using observation method and zeta potential analysis. The thermal conductivity and viscosity of suspension were measured at a temperature range between 30˚C to 70˚C (with increment of 10˚C) to determine the relationship between concentration and temperature on nanofluid’s thermal physical properties. Based on the results obtained, zeta potential value for nanofluid range from -50 to -70 mV indicates a good stability of the suspension. Thermal conductivity of nanofluid increases as an increase of temperature and enhancement ratio is within the range of 1.51 to 4.53 compared to the base fluid. Meanwhile, the viscosity of nanofluid shows decrements with an increase of the temperature remarks significant advantage in pumping power. The developed nanofluid in this study found to be stable with enhanced thermal conductivity and decrease in viscosity, which at once make it possible to be use as nanolubricant in machining operation.

Preparation and Characterization of β-glucosidase Films for Stabilization and Handling in Dry Configurations

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 741-747
Author(s):  
Liguang Zhang ◽  
Yanan Shen ◽  
Wenjing Lu ◽  
Lengqiu Guo ◽  
Min Xiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Protein Function ◽  
Protein Stabilization ◽  
Functional Protein ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Gelatin Films ◽  
The Stability ◽  
And Function ◽  
General Method

Background: Although the stability of proteins is of significance to maintain protein function for therapeutical applications, this remains a challenge. Herein, a general method of preserving protein stability and function was developed using gelatin films. Method: Enzymes immobilized onto films composed of gelatin and Ethylene Glycol (EG) were developed to study their ability to stabilize proteins. As a model functional protein, β-glucosidase was selected. The tensile properties, microstructure, and crystallization behavior of the gelatin films were assessed. Result: Our results indicated that film configurations can preserve the activity of β-glucosidase under rigorous conditions (75% relative humidity and 37°C for 47 days). In both control films and films containing 1.8 % β-glucosidase, tensile strength increased with increased EG content, whilst the elongation at break increased initially, then decreased over time. The presence of β-glucosidase had a negligible influence on tensile strength and elongation at break. Scanning electron-microscopy (SEM) revealed that with increasing EG content or decreasing enzyme concentrations, a denser microstructure was observed. Conclusion: In conclusion, the dry film is a promising candidate to maintain protein stabilization and handling. The configuration is convenient and cheap, and thus applicable to protein storage and transportation processes in the future.

Effect of pH and temperature on the infectivity of human coronavirus 229E

1989 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 972-974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain Lamarre ◽  
Pierre J. Talbot
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Period ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Viral Infectivity ◽  
Human Coronavirus ◽  
Virus Growth ◽  
The Stability ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Influence Of Ph ◽  
Human Coronavirus 229E

The stability of human coronavirus 229E infectivity was maximum at pH 6.0 when incubated at either 4 or 33 °C. However, the influence of pH was more pronounced at 33 °C. Viral infectivity was completely lost after a 14-day incubation period at 22, 33, or 37 °C but remained relatively constant at 4 °C for the same length of time. Finally, the infectious titer did not show any significant reduction when subjected to 25 cycles of thawing and freezing. These studies will contribute to optimize virus growth and storage conditions, which will facilitate the molecular characterization of this important pathogen.Key words: coronavirus, pH, temperature, infectivity, human coronavirus.

scholarly journals Characterization of Cocycle Attractors for Nonautonomous Reaction–Diffusion Equations

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (08) ◽  
pp. 1650135 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Cardoso ◽  
J. A. Langa ◽  
R. Obaya
Keyword(s):  
Chaotic Dynamics ◽  
Linear Part ◽  
Reaction Diffusion ◽  
Positive Cone ◽  
Reaction Diffusion Equations ◽  
Diffusion Equations ◽  
Minimal Set ◽  
Full Characterization ◽  
The Stability

In this paper, we describe in detail the global and cocycle attractors related to nonautonomous scalar differential equations with diffusion. In particular, we investigate reaction–diffusion equations with almost-periodic coefficients. The associated semiflows are strongly monotone which allow us to give a full characterization of the cocycle attractor. We prove that, when the upper Lyapunov exponent associated to the linear part of the equations is positive, the flow is persistent in the positive cone, and we study the stability and the set of continuity points of the section of each minimal set in the global attractor for the skew product semiflow. We illustrate our result with some nontrivial examples showing the richness of the dynamics on this attractor, which in some situations shows internal chaotic dynamics in the Li–Yorke sense. We also include the sublinear and concave cases in order to go further in the characterization of the attractors, including, for instance, a nonautonomous version of the Chafee–Infante equation. In this last case we can show exponentially forward attraction to the cocycle (pullback) attractors in the positive cone of solutions.

scholarly journals Stability of Nonlinear Autonomous Quadratic Discrete Systems in the Critical Case

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josef Diblík ◽  
Denys Ya. Khusainov ◽  
Irina V. Grytsay ◽  
Zdenĕk Šmarda
Keyword(s):  
Lyapunov Functions ◽  
Critical Case ◽  
Autonomous Systems ◽  
Discrete Systems ◽  
Simple Eigenvalue ◽  
Discrete Equations ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Important Characterization

Many processes are mathematically simulated by systems of discrete equations with quadratic right-hand sides. Their stability is thought of as a very important characterization of the process. In this paper, the method of Lyapunov functions is used to derive classes of stable quadratic discrete autonomous systems in a critical case in the presence of a simple eigenvalueλ=1of the matrix of linear terms. In addition to the stability investigation, we also estimate stability domains.

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