Pulmonary Function in Pubertal Synchronized Swimmers: 1-year Follow-up Results and Its Relation to Competitive Achievement

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goran Gabrilo ◽  
Mia Peric ◽  
Marija Stipic
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Forced Vital Capacity ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Synchronized Swimming ◽  
Before And After

Pulmonary function (PF) is particularly important in synchronized swimming, considering the characteristics of this sport. However, the sanitizing agents (chlorine) used in pools can have a possible negative influence on the PF parameters. In this study, we observed 24 swimmers (all women, 14 to 16 years of age) and measured their PF and competitive achievement. PF was measured before and after a 1-year period and included standard spirometric variables. Competitive achievement was evidenced during the National Championship. The t-test showed significant increases in body height and weight of the participants and a resulting increase in most of the absolute respiratory flows and pulmonary capacities. Forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume (both in proportion to norm for body height, gender, and age) increased significantly within the study period. FVC significantly predicted the competitive achievement of young swimmers, most probably because artists have to achieve exceptional breath control when upside down underwater. In conclusion, we found no evidence for the eventual negative influence of chlorine and its compounds on the PF of swimmers, and results showed that regular synchronized swim training could improve the PF of young artists.

scholarly journals The influence of early thoracic fusion on the pulmonary function of patients with idiopathic scoliosis in the early period of the second growth peak with different Risser signs

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaolin Xu ◽  
Shengru Wang ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
You Du ◽  
Guanfeng Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Thoracic Kyphosis ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Risser Sign ◽  
Second Growth ◽  
Before And After

Abstract Background Previous reports confirmed early spinal fusion may compromise pulmonary function and thoracic development in skeletal immature patients with scoliosis. However, the different effects in patients with various Risser signs remain unknown. This study aimed to compare the influence of early thoracic fusion on pulmonary function and thoracic growth in patients with idiopathic scoliosis (IS) with closed triangular cartilage (TRC) and different Risser signs. Methods Thirty-six patients with IS and a closed TRC were retrospectively selected and divided into the low Risser (LR, Risser sign ≤2, 22 patients) and high Risser (HR, 2<Risser sign≤4, 14 patients) groups. Patient age, Risser sign, main Cobb angle, thoracic kyphosis, and fusion levels were recorded. Perioperative and minimum of 2-year follow-up pulmonary function and thoracic diameters were compared between both groups. Results There were no differences in patients’ general characteristics between two groups. The preoperative forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) were 2.06±0.43 L and 2.50±0.49 L, respectively, in the LR group, and 2.31±0.49 L (p = 0.067) and 2.74±0.56 L (p = 0.122), respectively, in the HR group. While these values significantly increased postoperatively, to 2.62±0.46 L (p < 0.001) and 3.09±0.69 L (p < 0.001), in the LR group, they remained unchanged in the HR group [2.53±0.56 L (p = 0.093) and 2.70±0.98 L (p = 0.386), respectively]. The FEV1/FVC in both groups was >80% before and after surgery. The T1-T12 and anteroposterior thoracic diameter significantly increased after surgery in both groups, while the maximum inner chest diameter only increased in the LR group at the final follow-up. However, there were no significant differences in respiratory function and thoracic data between both groups. Conclusion For patients with IS, early fusion did not deteriorate pulmonary function or thoracic development in TRC-closed patients whose Risser sign was ≤2 compared with those with a Risser sign >2.

scholarly journals Pulmonary function before and after surgical correction of scoliosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona Mansour Ahmed ◽  
Hesham Atef Abdelhalim ◽  
Reham Mohammed Mohammed Elamir
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Forced Vital Capacity ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Posterior Spinal Fusion ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Spinal Fusion Surgery ◽  
Scoliosis Correction ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Forced Expiratory Flow ◽  
Cobb’S Angle

Abstract Background As one of the restrictive lung diseases, scoliosis can be treated by surgical intervention to enhance the pulmonary function of that group of patients. The purpose of the study was to determine the effects of scoliosis correction on pulmonary function after a 6-month duration. Around 30 patients with scoliosis were aged between 10 and 40 years old subjecting to posterior spinal fusion surgery who had been enrolled in the study; all of them were subjected to Cobb’s angle measuring and pulmonary function test before and 6 months after the operation. Results Cobb’s angle before the operation was 57.3 ± 13.6°, which significantly corrected and reached up to 21.2 ± 7.2° postoperatively with a mean difference of about 36.13°, P < 0.001. The correlation of Cobb’s angle, forced vital capacity (FVC%), and vital capacity (VC%) was significantly negative. Pulmonary function showed restrictive pattern; forced vital capacity “FVC”, forced expiratory volume 1 “FEV1”, vital capacity “VC”, and forced expiratory flow “FEF 25–75%” were 62.4± 18.06, 65.6±20, 60.7±17.8, and 79.6±28.5, respectively; after 6 months, the reading changed to 60.9± 17.9, 64.04±19.3, 59.16±17.5, and 80.26±28.02 respectively with an insignificant difference, P>0.05. Conclusion The pulmonary function showed insignificant changes after 6 months of operation, despite significant changes in Cobb’s angle while the preoperative FVC and VC were inversely correlated with it.

Assessment of factors affecting short-term pulmonary functions following cardiac surgery: A prospective observational study

2021 ◽  
pp. 021849232110100
Author(s):  
Neetika Katiyar ◽  
Sandeep Negi ◽  
Sunder Lal Negi ◽  
Goverdhan Dutt Puri ◽  
Shyam Kumar Singh Thingnam
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Forced Vital Capacity ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Pulmonary Complications ◽  
Operative Morbidity ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Significant Impairment

Background Pulmonary complications after cardiac surgery are very common and lead to an increased incidence of post-operative morbidity and mortality. Several factors, either modifiable or non-modifiable, may contribute to the associated unfavorable consequences related to pulmonary function. This study was aimed to investigate the degree of alteration and factors influencing pulmonary function (forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity), on third, fifth, and seventh post-operative days following cardiac surgery. Methods This study was executed in 71 patients who underwent on-pump cardiac surgery. Pulmonary function was assessed before surgery and on the third, fifth, and seventh post-operative days. Data including surgical details, information about risk factors, and assessment of pulmonary function were obtained. Results The FEV1 and forced vital capacity were significantly impaired on post-operative days 3, 5, and 7 compared to pre-operative values. The reduction in FEV1 was 41%, 29%, and 16% and in forced vital capacity was 42%, 29%, and 19% consecutively on post-operative days 3, 5, and 7. Multivariate analysis was done to detect the factors influencing post-operative FEV1 and forced vital capacity. Discussion This study observed a significant impairment in FEV1 and forced vital capacity, which did not completely recover by the seventh post-operative day. Different factors affecting post-operative FEV1 and forced vital capacity were pre-operative FEV1, age ≥60, less body surface area, lower pre-operative chest expansion at the axillary level, and having more duration of cardiopulmonary bypass during surgery. Presence of these factors enhances the chance of developing post-operative pulmonary complications.

Pulmonary function in men after oxygen breathing at 3.0 ATA for 3.5 h

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 878-885 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Clark ◽  
R. M. Jackson ◽  
C. J. Lambertsen ◽  
R. Gelfand ◽  
W. D. Hiller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Forced Vital Capacity ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Large Change ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Diffusing Capacity ◽  
Mild Degree ◽  
Oxygen Breathing ◽  
Multiple Organs ◽  
Expiratory Flow

As a pulmonary component of Predictive Studies V, designed to determine O2 tolerance of multiple organs and systems in humans at 3.0–1.5 ATA, pulmonary function was evaluated at 1.0 ATA in 13 healthy men before and after O2 exposure at 3.0 ATA for 3.5 h. Measurements included flow-volume loops, spirometry, and airway resistance (Raw) (n = 12); CO diffusing capacity (n = 11); closing volumes (n = 6); and air vs. HeO2 forced vital capacity maneuvers (n = 5). Chest discomfort, cough, and dyspnea were experienced during exposure in mild degree by most subjects. Mean forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and forced expiratory flow at 25–75% of vital capacity (FEF25–75) were significantly reduced postexposure by 5.9 and 11.8%, respectively, whereas forced vital capacity was not significantly changed. The average difference in maximum midexpiratory flow rates at 50% vital capacity on air and HeO2 was significantly reduced postexposure by 18%. Raw and CO diffusing capacity were not changed postexposure. The relatively large change in FEF25–75 compared with FEV1, the reduction in density dependence of flow, and the normal Raw postexposure are all consistent with flow limitation in peripheral airways as a major cause of the observed reduction in expiratory flow. Postexposure pulmonary function changes in one subject who convulsed at 3.0 h of exposure are compared with corresponding average changes in 12 subjects who did not convulse.

Impact of Lung Biopsy on Lung Function in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Respiration ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Pierre-Henri Aussedat ◽  
Nader Chebib ◽  
Kais Ahmad ◽  
Jean-Charles Glerant ◽  
Gabrielle Drevet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Forced Vital Capacity ◽  
Lung Biopsy ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Surgical Lung Biopsy ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Video-assisted surgical lung biopsy (SLB) is performed in 10–30% of cases to establish the diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> The aim of the study was to analyze the impact of SLB on lung function in patients eventually diagnosed with IPF. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This is an observational, retrospective, monocentric study of all consecutive patients eventually diagnosed with IPF in multidisciplinary discussion who underwent SLB over 10 years in a specialized center. The primary end point was the variation in forced vital capacity (FVC) before and after the SLB. The secondary end points were the variations in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), total lung capacity (TLC), carbon monoxide diffusion capacity (DLCO), and morbidity and mortality associated with the SLB. <b><i>Results:</i></b> In 118 patients who underwent SLB and were diagnosed with IPF, a relative decrease in FVC of 4.8% (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001) was found between measurements performed before and after the procedure. The mean FVC decrease was 156 ± 386 mL in an average period of 185 days, representing an annualized decline of 363 ± 764 mL/year. A significant decrease was also observed after SLB in FEV1, TLC, and DLCO. Complications within 30 days of SLB occurred in 14.4% of patients. Two patients (1.7%) died within 30 days, where one of them had poor lung function. Survival at 1 year was significantly poorer in patients with FVC &#x3c;50% at baseline. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> In this uncontrolled study in patients ultimately diagnosed with IPF, SLB was followed by a significant decline in FVC, which appears to be numerically greater than the average decline in the absence of treatment in the literature. <b><i>Summary at a Glance:</i></b> This study evaluated the change in lung function in 118 consecutive patients diagnosed with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis by surgical lung biopsy. Forced vital capacity decreased by 156 ± 386 mL in a mean of 185 days between the last measurement before and first measurement after biopsy, representing an annualized decline of 363 ± 764 mL/year.

scholarly journals Oscillometric and Spirometric Bronchodilator Response in Preschool Children with and without Asthma

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youn Ho Shin ◽  
Sun Jung Jang ◽  
Jung Won Yoon ◽  
Hye Mi Jee ◽  
Sun Hee Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Forced Vital Capacity ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Bronchodilator Response ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Forced Expiratory Flow ◽  
Quality Control Criteria ◽  
Control Criteria

BACKGROUND: Bronchodilator responses (BDR) are routinely used in the diagnosis and management of asthma; however, their acceptability and repeatability have not been evaluated using quality control criteria for preschool children.OBJECTIVES: To compare conventional spirometry with an impulse oscillometry system (IOS) in healthy and asthmatic preschool children.METHODS: Data from 30 asthmatic children and 29 controls (two to six years of age) who underwent IOS and spirometry before and after salbutamol administration were analyzed.RESULTS: Stable asthmatic subjects significantly differed versus controls in their spirometry-assessed BDR (forced expiratory volume in 1 s [FEV1], forced vital capacity and forced expiratory flow at 25% to 75% of forced vital capacity) as well as their IOS-assessed BDR (respiratory resistance at 5 Hz [Rrs5], respiratory reactance at 5 Hz and area under the reactance curve). However, comparisons based on the area under the ROC curve for ΔFEV1% initial versus ΔRrs5% initial were 0.82 (95% CI 0.71 to 0.93) and 0.75 (95% CI 0.62 to 0.87), respectively. Moreover, the sensitivity and specificity for ΔFEV1≥9% were 0.53 and 0.93, respectively. Importantly, sensitivity increased to 0.63 when either ΔFEV1≥9% or ΔRrs5≥29% was considered as an additional criterion for the diagnosis of asthma.CONCLUSION: The accuracy of asthma diagnosis in preschool children may be increased by combining spirometry with IOS when measuring BDR.

scholarly journals Association of Serum Level of 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D Deficiency and Pulmonary Function in Healthy Individuals

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Maryam Moghaddassi ◽  
Marzieh Pazoki ◽  
Ahmad Salimzadeh ◽  
Tayeb Ramim ◽  
Zahra Alipour
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Serum Level ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Forced Vital Capacity ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
25 Hydroxy Vitamin D

Background. Besides the extensive regulatory role in growing number of biologic processes, vitamin D has been recently considered essential for lungs function as well as protective against exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. We assessed the correlation between vitamin D serum levels with pulmonary function in healthy individuals. Methods. In a cross-sectional study, healthy volunteer (n=92) participants underwent the following laboratory procedures: a blood test, a 24-hour urine collection test, and the serum level of 25-hydroxy vitamin D before undergoing spirometry. Linear correlation coefficient was calculated to detect the association between serum level of 25-hydroxy vitamin D and pulmonary volumes. Results. The mean age of participants was 39.95±9.98 years. 48% of participants showed different levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D deficiency. We recognized a consistent direct positive correlation between serum levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D and lung function volumes. The coefficient for forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 second, forced expiratory flow 25–75%, and forced expiratory volume in 1 second/forced vital capacity ratio were 0.610, 0.509, 0.454, and 0.551, respectively. Conclusions. Our findings suggest correlation between higher serum levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D and improved pulmonary function. Accordingly, supplemental vitamin D might significantly improve treatment response.

Long-term outcomes of surgery for pulmonary artery sling in children†

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 369-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew S Yong ◽  
Michael Z L Zhu ◽  
Douglas Bell ◽  
Nelson Alphonso ◽  
Johann Brink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Forced Vital Capacity ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Functional Class ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Tracheal Surgery

Abstract OBJECTIVES Pulmonary artery (PA) sling is a rare vascular anomaly often associated with congenital tracheal stenosis. We describe the long-term outcomes with repair of this condition. METHODS A retrospective study was conducted at 2 institutions. From 1984 to 2018, 33 patients with PA sling underwent repair. RESULTS The median age at the time of surgery was 5.9 months (quartile 1–3: 2.5–12 months). Concomitant tracheal surgery was required in 21 patients (64%) where slide tracheoplasty was used in 11 patients (52%). There were no early deaths in patients who did not require tracheal surgery (n = 12). Operative mortality was 22% (2 of 9 patients) between 1984 and 1993, 11% (1 of 9 patients) between 1994 and 2003 and 6.7% (1 of 15 patients) between 2004 and 2018. The 15-year probability of survival for patients who had PA sling repair alone was 100%, and for patients who required PA sling and tracheal repair was 76 ± 10% (95% confidence interval 51–89%) (P = 0.08). The mean follow-up for survivors was 14 ± 9.8 years (3 months–33 years). All survivors were in the New York Heart Association functional class I/II at the last follow-up. Spirometry performed at a median age of 10.4 years after PA sling and tracheal surgery demonstrated obstructive lung defects with median forced expiratory volume in 1 s of 1.0 l (48% predicted), forced vital capacity of 1.5 l (74% predicted) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s/forced vital capacity of 0.69 (78% predicted). CONCLUSIONS Early mortality after PA sling repair is determined by the need for tracheal surgery. Though late survival was excellent, and the majority of survivors remained asymptomatic, long-term respiratory assessment and follow-up is warranted for these patients.

In-brace alterations of pulmonary functions in adolescents wearing a brace for idiopathic scoliosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 434-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gozde Yagci ◽  
Gokhan Demirkiran ◽  
Yavuz Yakut
Keyword(s):  
Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Peak Expiratory Flow ◽  
Forced Vital Capacity ◽  
Respiratory Muscle ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Pulmonary Functions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Expiratory Flow

Background:Despite the common use of braces to prevent curve progression in idiopathic scoliosis, their functional effects on respiratory mechanics have not been widely studied.Objective:The objective was to determine the effects of bracing on pulmonary function in idiopathic scoliosis.Methods:A total of 27 adolescents with a mean age of 14.5 ± 1.5 years and idiopathic scoliosis were included in the study. Pulmonary function evaluation included vital capacity, forced expiratory volume, forced vital capacity, maximum ventilator volume, peak expiratory flow, and respiratory muscle strengths, measured with a spirometer, and patient-reported degree of dyspnea. The tests were performed once prior to bracing and at 1 month after bracing (while the patients wore the brace).Results:Compared with the unbraced condition, vital capacity, forced expiratory volume, forced vital capacity, maximum ventilator volume, and peak expiratory flow values decreased and dyspnea increased in the braced condition. Respiratory muscle strength was under the norm in both unbraced and braced conditions, while no significant difference was found for these parameters between the two conditions.Conclusion:The spinal brace for idiopathic scoliosis tended to reduce pulmonary functions and increase dyspnea symptoms (when wearing a brace) in this study. Special attention should be paid in-brace effects on pulmonary functions in idiopathic scoliosis.Clinical relevanceBracing seems to mimic restrictive pulmonary disease, although there is no actual disease when the brace is removed. This study suggests that bracing may result in a deterioration of pulmonary function when adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis are wearing a brace.

Lung Function in Royal Naval Firefighting Instructors

1986 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-103
Author(s):  
Caroline S. M. Searing ◽  
D. J. Smith ◽  
R. J. Pethybridge ◽  
R. F. Goad ◽  
S. J. Legg
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Forced Vital Capacity ◽  
Transfer Factor ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Cigarette Smokers ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Normal Ageing

SummaryA four phase investigation into the effects of Royal Naval firefighting training on pulmonary function was carried out between 1979 and 1984. Phases I and II, reported elsewhere, failed to demonstrate changes in the lung function either in instructors, as measured by forced spirometry and transfer factor, over a one month period, or trainees, as measured by forced spirometry, during a one day fire-fighting course.This paper describes the results of phase III in which further lung function data was gathered from the instructors, at six monthly intervals, over two years. Multiple regression analysis of the data indicated that smoke exposure had a significant effect on the transfer factor (T1), flow at 75% of the forced vital capacity (FEF75) , and the ratio of the forced expiratory volume in one second to the forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC%). The decrements observed were many times those predicted for normal ageing.Analysis of data collected on instructors who had left the school in the previous twelve months failed to reveal any significant improvement in these three measurements. A later follow up study conducted 3 to 5 years after instructors had left the school (Phase IV) showed significant improvements in T1 and FEF75 when related to the first readings after leaving the school.The changes observed are confounded by the high incidence of cigarette smokers amongst the instructors.

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