Seismic Tomography of Kamchatkan Volcanoes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.Yu. Koulakov
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Tomography ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Active Regions ◽  
Recent Decade ◽  
Kamchatka Peninsula ◽  
Integral Model ◽  
Mantle Flow ◽  
Local Networks ◽  
The World ◽  
Slab Window

Abstract —The Kamchatka Peninsula is one of the most tectonically active regions in the world, where intensive and diverse modern volcanic activity takes place. In the recent decade, substantial progress in the investigation of deep structures beneath Kamchatka has been achieved owing to numerous tomography studies based on seismological data provided by permanent stations and temporary networks deployed in some key areas. The goal of this review is summarizing and systematizing dozens of separate multiscale geophysical studies in Kamchatka and constructing an integral model of volcano-feeding systems. An important part of this review contains the description of results of various seismic studies related to the Klyuchevskoy group volcanoes, which can now be considered one of the best studied volcanic areas in the world. The results of the regional-scale seismic tomography reveal the existence of the Pacific slab window, which determines the particular activity of the Klyuchevskoy group volcanoes. Middle-scale tomography studies have found traces of an ascending hot mantle flow that passes through the slab window, reaches the bottom of the crust below Shiveluch Volcano, and then propagates laterally toward the Klyuchevskoy group. Seismic models of the entire crust in the area of the Klyuchevskoy group were used to identify different mechanisms of magmatic feeding of three most active volcanoes: Klyuchevskoy, Bezymianny, and Tolbachik. The data of local networks deployed on several volcanoes of Kamchatka were used to image the magma sources in the upper crust, which are directly responsible for the current eruption activity. The comparison of the results for the Kamchatka volcanoes with tomography models of several other volcanoes of the world allowed determining some common features and differences in feeding active magmatic systems.

Crowdsourcing Covid-19 signals in sub-Saharan Africa: Leveraging digital contributor networks for participatory surveillance of Covid-19 symptoms and deaths (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ngozi A Erondu ◽  
Sagal A Ali ◽  
Mohamed Ali ◽  
Schadrac C Agbla
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Local Networks ◽  
The World ◽  
Sub Saharan

BACKGROUND In sub-Saharan Africa, underreporting of cases and deaths has been attributed to various factors including, weak disease surveillance, low health-seeking behaviour of flu like symptoms, and stigma of Covid-19. There is evidence that SARS-CoV-2 spread mimics transmission patterns of other countries across the world. Since the Covid-19 pandemic has changed the way research can be conducted and in light of restrictions on travel and risks to in-person data collection, innovative approaches to collecting data must be considered. Nearly 50% of Africa’s population is a unique mobile subscriber and it is one of the fastest growing smart-phone marketplaces in the world; hence, mobile phone platforms should be considered to monitor Covid-19 trends in the community. OBJECTIVE We demonstrate the use of digital contributor platforms to survey individuals about cases of flu-like symptoms and instances of unexplained deaths in Ethiopia, Kenya, Nigeria, Somalia, and Zimbabwe. METHODS Rapid cross-sectional survey of individuals with severe flu and pneumonia symptoms and unexplained deaths in Ethiopia, Kenya, Nigeria, Somalia and Zimbabwe RESULTS Using a non-health specific information platform, we found COVID-19 signals in five African countries, specifically: •Across countries, nearly half of the respondents (n=739) knew someone who had severe flu or pneumonia symptoms in recent months. •One in three respondents from Somalia and one in five from Zimbabwe respondents said they knew more than five people recently displaying flu and/or pneumonia symptoms. •In Somalia there were signals that a large number of people might be dying outside of health facilities, specifically in their homes or in IDP or refugee camps. CONCLUSIONS Existing digital contributor platforms with local networks are a non-traditional data source that can provide information from the community to supplement traditional government surveillance systems and academic surveys. We demonstrate that using these distributor networks to for community surveys can provide periodic information on rumours but could also be used to capture local sentiment to inform public health decision-making; for example, these insights could be useful to inform strategies to increase confidence in Covid19 vaccine. As Covid-19 continues to spread somewhat silently across sub-Saharan Africa, regional and national public health entities should consider expanding event-based surveillance sources to include these systems.

scholarly journals Mexican Virtual Solar Observatory project

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (14) ◽  
pp. 613-613
Author(s):  
Alfredo J. Santillán ◽  
Liliana Hernández ◽  
Guillermo Salas ◽  
Antonio Sánchez ◽  
Alejandro González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Present State ◽  
Active Regions ◽  
Solar Observatory ◽  
Software Environment ◽  
The World ◽  
Solar Active Regions ◽  
Working Together ◽  
National Effort ◽  
Existing Data

The Virtual Solar Observatory (VSO) concept outlines a software environment for searching, obtaining and analyzing data from archives of solar data that are distributed at many different observatories around the world (Hill 2006, in this volume). The VSO, however, not only provides fast and reliable access to the existing data of Solar Active Regions, but also represents a powerful and unique tool to perform numerical simulations of the evolution and present state of solar phenomena. Two centers at UNAM, the Institute of Astronomy (IA) and the Supercomputer Center (DGSCA), along with the Sonora University, are working together to create the Mexican Virtual Solar Observatory (MVSO) that will be part of a wider national effort.

scholarly journals Issues of Electronic Waste on Life - A Reality

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 112
Author(s):  
Saurabh Mitra ◽  
Jayati Chatterjee Mitra
Keyword(s):  
Information Society ◽  
General Public ◽  
Electronic Waste ◽  
Recent Decade ◽  
It Industry ◽  
The Real ◽  
Human Wellbeing ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The World ◽  
Indian Data

<p>Electronic waste or e-squander is one of the quickest developing issues of the world. E-squander involves a large number of parts, some containing poisonous substances that can adversely affect human wellbeing and the earth if not dealt with legitimately. In India, e-squander the board expect more noteworthy essentialness not just because of the age of its own e-squander, yet additionally as a result of the dumping of e-squander from created nations. This is combined with India's absence of proper foundation and methods for its transfer and reusing. The generation of electrical and electronic gear (EEE) is one of the quickest developing worldwide assembling exercises. Quick monetary development, combined with urbanization and developing an interest for customer merchandise, has expanded both the utilization and the creation of EEE. The Indian data innovation (IT) industry has been one of the real drivers of progress in the economy in the most recent decade and has contributed essentially to the advanced unrest being experienced by the world. New electronic contraptions and machines have invaded each part of our everyday lives, furnishing our general public with more solace, wellbeing, and security and with simple data procurement and trade. The information society anyway is making its own poisonous impressions.</p>

scholarly journals Тематическое исследование всемирного наследия Центральной Азии Primary tabs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hervé Lethier
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
World Heritage List ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Primary Focus ◽  
Terrestrial Biodiversity

The World Heritage thematic study for Central Asia has been produced as a contribution to supporting the implementation of the World Heritage Convention in Central Asia. It provides a response to a Decision of the World Heritage Committee in order to identify outstanding areas with potential for future nomination to the World Heritage List with primary focus on criteria (ix) and (x) at the regional scale. The approach applied in this study, focusing on criteria (ix) and (x), follows that from the 2013 study on terrestrial biodiversity and the World Heritage List. Criteria (ix) and (x) are clearly the primary ones for recognition of extant biodiversity values, and they have been applied to a wide range of biodiversity features, including ecosystems, species, and ecological and/or biological processes. Although this study is an initial assessment, most areas and sites recommended here have appeared repeatedly as being of particular interest for biodiversity conservation during the work process, whether through literature analysis or in discussions with experts and specialists. The recommendations reflect the current level of knowledge that should be strengthened in the future, to ensure that the identified areas and sites are well supported with the necessary data and empirical evidence to address the requirements of the Operational Guidelines.

The secular concerns of contemplatives

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence Lux-Sterritt
Keyword(s):  
Local Networks ◽  
The World

If they are not creatures of the world, cloistered nuns must still survive in the world. The English Benedictines relied on the support of the most important and infuential Catholic families of England, to which many of them belonged. Moreover, to ensure their subsistence, convents had to establish local networks in the cities where they settled. They enlisted the help of agents, both exiles and local, ecclesiastical and lay, to whom they entrusted the tasks they could not carry out themselves, especially regarding their assets and finances. This chapter uses the account books, chronicles and correspondence of the Sisters to develop a clearer picture of the practices of cloistered life in exile, and of its complex management.

Poems and Fancies

2019 ◽  
pp. 151-170
Author(s):  
David Cunning
Keyword(s):  
Active Regions ◽  
Empty Space ◽  
Animal Cruelty ◽  
Animal Knowledge ◽  
Common Theme ◽  
Peace And Conflict ◽  
The World ◽  
Selection Of

This chapter features a selection of excerpts from Cavendish’s poems and other short pieces. The passages treat a number of topics and issues: atomism; empty space; active regions of the world that we do not notice; the ideas that occur to us and why; animal knowledge; insect knowledge; peace and conflict; gender; imaginary worlds; poetry; animal cruelty; and the treatment of nature. The poems on atomism reflect a view that Cavendish entertained early on and then abandoned in favor of her animist view that bodies are not only divisible, but also active, perceptive, and knowledgeable. A common theme across other poems is the sophistication of nonhuman creatures, for example in “A Dialogue between an Oake, and a Man cutting him downe,” “A Morall Discourse betwixt Man, and Beast,” “Of the Ant,” and “Of Fishes.”

Grounds of Natural Philosophy

2019 ◽  
pp. 130-150
Author(s):  
David Cunning
Keyword(s):  
Natural Philosophy ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Active Regions ◽  
Empty Space ◽  
Existence Of God ◽  
The World ◽  
Self Knowledge ◽  
Philosophical Debates ◽  
Self Motion ◽  
Selection Of

This chapter features a selection of excerpts from Cavendish’s book, Grounds of Natural Philosophy. The passages treat a number of topics and issues: materialism; empty space and the impossibility of vacuum; the identity of a body and its location; the impossibility of immaterial motion; the different kinds of matter; order vs. disorder; active regions of the world that we do not notice; self-motion; self-knowledge; panpsychism; sensory perception and patterning; dreams; occasionalism; causality; chance; freedom, the cooperation of the parts of nature; individuation; natural productions vs. artefacts; imagination; fame; the afterlife; God; and belief in the existence of God. Cavendish enters into a wide spectrum of philosophical debates in Grounds of Natural Philosophy, but much of the focus is on arguments for materialism, the distinction between rational matter and sensitive matter, the knowledge and information that is shared among creatures, individuation, and the sophistication of natural (as opposed to artificial) productions.

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