Novel biomarker of Cysteine-rich angiogenic inducer 61 (Cyr61) predicts long-term outcome of ST-elevation myocardial infarction

Background: Cysteine-rich angiogenic inducer 61 (Cyr61) is a matricellular protein participating in the angiogenesis, inflammation, and fibrotic tissue repair. Previous study has proven its value in diagnosing and risk stratification of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). However, there is no study focusing on Cyr61 and the long-term outcome of STEMI. Methods: A total of 426 patients diagnosed with STEMI were enrolled in this study. Blood sample was acquired 24 hours after the admission. The patients were required long-term follow-up after the discharge, when primary endpoint of all-cause death and secondary endpoint of cardiac complications were observed. Cox hazard ratio model and survival analysis were used to compare the risk of patients with higher level and lower level of Cyr61. Results: We conducted an average of (48.4 ± 17.8) months of follow-up, during which a total of 28 deaths happened (6.6%), while 106 episodes of secondary endpoints occurred (24.9%). Patients with higher quartile (Q4) Cyr61 were at higher risk of death [HR 3.404 95%CI (1.574-7.360), P<0.001] when compared with lower three quartiles (Q1-Q3) Cyr61. In terms of secondary endpoints, patients with Q4 Cyr61 were subject to 4.718 [95%CI (3.189-6.978) , P<0.001] times of risk compared with Q1-Q3 Cyr61. Conclusions: For STEMI Patients, those with increased Cyr61 have higher risk of all-cause death and cardiac complications. Therefore, Cyr61 may be a useful tool in predicting the long-term prognosis of STEMI.