scholarly journals Prevalence and Risk Factors Analysis for Low Back Pain Among Occupational Groups in Key Industries of China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning JIA ◽  
Meibian ZHANG ◽  
Huadong Zhang ◽  
Ruijie Ling ◽  
Yimin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Central China ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Occupational Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Heavy Loads ◽  
Key Industries

Abstract Background: With the acceleration of industrialization and the growth of population aging, LBP has become the main disease of life loss caused by disability, which brings huge economic burden to society and is a global public health problem that needs to be solved urgently. The purpose of this study is to carry out epidemiological investigation and research on a large sample of people in key industries in different regions of China, to find out the incidence and distribution characteristics of LBP in key industries in China, to explore the epidemic law, and to provide reference basis for alleviating the global public health problems caused by LBP.Methods: This study adopts the modified epidemiological cross-sectional survey method and the stratified cluster sampling method. From the representative enterprises in key industries in seven regions of North China, East China, central China, South China, southwest, northwest and Northeast China, all workers on duty and fulfill the criteria are taken as the research objects. The Chinese version of musculoskeletal disease questionnaire modified by a standardized Nordic Questionnaire was used to collect information, and a total of 57501 valid questionnaires were received. Descriptive statistics were used and multivariate logistic regression analysis (p < 0.05) was performed to explore the associations between musculoskeletal disorders and potential risk factors.Results: The annual incidence of LBP in key industries or workers in China is 16.4%. There was significant difference in the incidence of LBP among occupational groups in different industries (P < 0.05). The results of multivariate regression model show that always make the same movements with your trunk, working in the same positions at a high pace, trunk position, always turn round with your trunk, often work overtime, lift heavy loads (more than 20 kg), education level, staff shortage, working age (years), cigarette smoking, use vibration tools at work Body mass index (BMI), lift heavy loads (more than 5 kg) and age (years) were risk factors for LBP. Physical exercise, standing often at work and absolute resting time are protective factors.Conclusion: The incidence of LBP in key industries or workers in China is high. It is urgent to take relevant measures according to individual, occupational and psychosocial factors of LBP to reduce the adverse impact of LBP on workers' health.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Stewardship: Development and Pilot of an Organisational Peer-to-Peer Review Tool to Improve Service Provision in Line with National Guidance

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Olaolu Oloyede ◽  
Emma Cramp ◽  
Diane Ashiru-Oredope
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Peer Review ◽  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Service Provision ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Inappropriate Use ◽  
National Guidance ◽  
New Antibiotics

Antimicrobial resistance continues to be a considerable threat to global public health due to the persistent inappropriate use of antibiotics. Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programs are essential in reducing the growth and spread of antibiotic resistance, in an environment which lacks incentives for the development of new antibiotics. Over the years, a variety of resources have been developed to strengthen antimicrobial stewardship. However, the differences in resources available present a challenge for organisations/teams to establish the best resources to utilise for service provision. A peer review tool was formulated using four national documents on AMS and tested through three phases with feedback. A survey method was used to collect feedback on the validity, feasibility, and impact of the AMS peer review tool. Feedback received was positive from the earlier pilots. The tool was found to be useful at identifying areas of good practice and gaps in antimicrobial stewardship across various pilot sites. Feedback suggests the tool is useful for promoting improvements to AMS programs and highlights that the content and features of the tool are appropriate for evaluating stewardship.

scholarly journals Medication Error in Anaesthesia – A Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
Montosh Kumar Mondal ◽  
Beauty Rani Roy ◽  
Shibani Banik ◽  
Debabrata Banik
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Medication Error ◽  
Medication Errors ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Global Public Health Problem

Medication error is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in medical profession . There is an increasing recognition that medication errors are causing a substantial global public health problem, as many result in harm to patients and increased costs to health providers.Anaesthesia is now safe and routine, yet anaesthetists are not immune from making medication errors and the consequences of their mistakes may be more serious than those of doctors in other specialties. Steps are being taken to determine the extent of the problem of medication error in anaesthesia. In this review, incidence, types, risk factors and preventive measures of the medication errors are discussed in detail.Journal of Bangladesh Society of Anaesthesiologists 2014; 27(1): 31-35

scholarly journals PERSONAL HYGIENE AND ANTHELMINTIC CONSUMPTION IN PREVENTION OF ENTEROBIASIS AMONG PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 265
Author(s):  
Ratna Muliawati ◽  
Mushidah Mushidah ◽  
Siti Musyarofah
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Primary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Prevalence Odds Ratio

Background: Pinworm infection remains a global public health problem in Indonesia, with the highest prevalence in primary school–aged children. The government has made helminthiasis control efforts through annual deworming every six months, yet data on the enterobiasis prevalence and its risk factors are still limited. Purpose: This research aimed to determine the role of personal hygiene and anthelmintic or worm medicine consumption in the prevention of enterobiasis among primary school children. Methods: This research employed an analytic observational method with a cross-sectional design. The population used was primary school children in the Public Health Center (PHC) of Kaliwungu area, Kendal District, Central Java Province. The research sample was 150 students from first grade to third grade at 1 Primary Elementary School 1 Kutoharjo. The data sources were obtained from interviews of risk factors and perianal swab examinations. The data were analyzed by a chi-square test and multiple logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of pinworm infection among primary school children remains high (37.33%). The results of the multivariate analysis showed that there are three determinant variables of pinworm infections: not washing hands with soap before eating (p < 0.01; Prevalence Odds Ratio (POR) = 6.47; 95% Confidence Interval [CI] = 2.87 < POR < 14.59); not washing hands with soap after defecation (p = 0.01; POR = 3.36; 95% CI = 1.40 < POR < 8.05); and not consuming anthelmintic drugs within the past six months (p = 0.03; POR = 2.43; 95% CI = 1.08 < POR < 5.50). Conclusion: Hand washing habits and annual deworming are important factors to prevent pinworm infections.

scholarly journals Predicting neurological deficit in patients with spinal tuberculosis – A single-center retrospective case-control study

SICOT-J ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Samarth Mittal ◽  
Gagandeep Yadav ◽  
Kaustubh Ahuja ◽  
Syed Ifthekar ◽  
Bhaskar Sarkar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Neurological Deficit ◽  
Spinal Tuberculosis ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Early Surgery ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Common Location ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Canal Encroachment

Background: Identifying the risk factors for the neurological deficit in spine tuberculosis would help surgeons in deciding on early surgery, thus reducing the morbidity related to neurological deficit. The main objective of our study was to predict the risk of neurological deficit in patients with spinal tuberculosis (TB). Methods: The demographic, clinical, radiological (X-ray and MRI) data of 105 patients with active spine TB were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups – with a neurological deficit (n = 52) as Group A and those without deficit (n = 53) as Group B. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to predict the risk factors for the neurological deficit. Results: The mean age of the patients was 38.1 years. The most common location of disease was dorsal region (35.2%). Paradiscal (77%) was the most common type of involvement. A statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) was noted in the location of disease, presence of cord compression, kyphosis, cord oedema, loss of CSF anterior to the cord, and degree of canal compromise or canal encroachment between two groups. Multivariate analysis revealed kyphosis > 30° (OR – 3.92, CI – 1.21–12.7, p – 0.023), canal encroachment > 50% (OR – 7.34, CI – 2.32–23.17, p – 0.001), and cord oedema (OR – 11.93, CI – 1.24–114.05, p – 0.03) as independent risk factors for predicting the risk of neurological deficit. Conclusion: Kyphosis > 30°, cord oedema, and canal encroachment (>50%) significantly predicted neurological deficit in patients with spine TB. Early surgery should be considered with all these risk factors to prevent a neurological deficit.

scholarly journals To Explore the Association Between Coagulation Function and Cerebral Microbleeds in Patients With Intracerebral Hemorrhage

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenhua Wang ◽  
Xinlan Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intracerebral Hemorrhage ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
International Normalized Ratio ◽  
Cerebral Microbleeds ◽  
Baseline Characteristic ◽  
Coagulation Function ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of

Abstract Object:To verify the association between coagulation function and cerebral microbleeds(CMBs) in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH).Methods: A total of 193 patients underwent 3.0T magnetic resonance image(MRI) and were found ICH,they were divided into CMBs and non-CMBs groups. Indicators of coagulation function and some other flood and clinical data like prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT), international normalized ratio (INR) were enrolled.univariate and multivariate analysis were used to compare the difference between the two groups and screen risk factors. One or more receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve were used to present the predictive value of the indicators for CMBs.Result: After a univariate analysis, the result showed that INR levels was significantly higher in the CMBs group than the non-CMBs group [1.06 (0.96, 1.12) vs. 0.97 (0.93, 1.03);P= 0.035), while there was no significant difference between PT, APTT, TT and FBI. To compare the baseline characteristic of the two groups showed that the age ,the proportion of a history of long-term antithrombotic treatment(AT), history of ischemic stroke(IS) and combination with a brain atrophy(BA) cases in the CMBs group was significantly higher than the non-CMBs group(each P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age and IS were independent risk factors for CMBs in patients with ICH (OR:0.967, 95% CI: 0.936-0.998, P = 0.036; OR:2.016, 95% CI: 1.090-3.991,P = 0.044; respectively). ROC curves indicated that the area under curve(AUC) of age and IS for CMBs in patients with ICH was 0.610(95%CI:51.76%-70.32%) and 0.619(95%CI:53.32%-68.87%), respectively.Conclusion:Age and IS were the independent risk factor for CMBs in patients with ICH, among the coagulant indicators, INR showed a significantly higher level in the CMBs group than the non-CMBs group.

scholarly journals The Urban-Rural Disparity in the Status and Risk Factors of Health Literacy: A Cross-Sectional Survey in Central China

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 3848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenna Wang ◽  
Yulin Zhang ◽  
Beilei Lin ◽  
Yongxia Mei ◽  
Zhiguang Ping ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Central China ◽  
Rural Populations ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Basic Health ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Status ◽  
Urban Rural

Health literacy is the ability of individuals to access, process, and understand health information to make decisions regarding treatment and their health on the whole; it is critical to maintain and improve public health. However, the health literacy of urban and rural populations in China has been little known. Thus, this study aims to assess the status of health literacy and explore the differences of its possible determinants (e.g., socio-economic factors) among urban and rural populations in Henan, China. A cross-sectional study, 78,646 participants were recruited from a populous province in central China with a multi-stage random sampling design. The Chinese Resident Health Literacy Scale was adopted to measure the health literacy of the respondents. In the participants, the level of health literacy (10.21%) in central China was significantly lower than the national average, and a big gap was identified between urban and rural populations (16.92% vs. 8.09%). A noticeable difference was reported in different aspects and health issues of health literacy between urban and rural populations. The health literacy level was lower in those with lower levels of education, and a significant difference was identified in the level of health literacy among people of different ages and occupations in both urban and rural areas. Note that in rural areas, as long as residents educated, they all had higher odds to exhibit basic health literacy than those uneducated; in rural areas, compared with those aged 15 to 24 years, residents aged 45 to 54 years (OR = 0.846,95% CI (0.730, 0.981)), 55 to 64 years (OR = 0.716,95% CI (0.614, 0.836)) and above 65 years (OR = 0.679, 95% CI (0.567, 0.812)) were 84.6%, 71.6%, and 67.9%, respectively, less likely to exhibit basic health literacy. Considering the lower health literacy among rural residents compared with their urban counterparts, a reorientation of the health policy-making for Chinese rural areas is recommended. This study suggests that urban–rural disparity about health literacy risk factors should be considered when implementing health literacy promotion intervention.

Global Public Health Problem: Hypertension

2021 ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
Laxmidhar Moharana ◽  
Shakti Ketan Prusty
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
World Health ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Oral Flora ◽  
Hypertension Prevalence ◽  
Global Public Health Problem

Hypertension is a big global public health problem. This research concentrates on exploring hypertension prevalence and its related causes in a Yemetu community located at Oyo States’ local in Nigeria. Hypertension is one of the most significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Growing on hydroxyl-butyrate as the primary source of carbon and nitrogen offered a strong competition for clones carrying new degrading enzymes, and antibiotic resistance competition established new determinants of antibiotic resistance from soil and oral flora. A descriptive & cross-sectional design was referred. Research included 804 participants of 171 households aged 18-90 years, chosen by cluster sampling methodology. It was a survey of the building to the building. World Health Organization (WHO) used STEP smart approach for tracking risk factors for chronic diseases (STEPS 1 & 2) to assess behavioral risk factors. Systolic blood pressure was described as hypertension. Overall hypertension prevalence was 33.1 percent (36.8 percent for males and 31.1 percent for females). The percentage of hypertension that is self-reported is 12.2%, as anti-hypertensive treatment actually accounted for 5.1%. The respondents mean age is 38.7 ±14.5 years. Respondents' BMI found to be 6.3%, 53.0%, 30.5% and 14.2% respectively for underweight, average, overweight and obese.

scholarly journals A Lactobacillus casei Shirota probiotic drink reduces antibiotic-associated diarrhoea in patients with spinal cord injuries: a randomised controlled trial

2013 ◽  
Vol 111 (4) ◽  
pp. 672-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samford Wong ◽  
Ali Jamous ◽  
Jean O'Driscoll ◽  
Ravi Sekhar ◽  
Mike Weldon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injuries ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Nutritional Risk ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Antibiotic Associated Diarrhoea

Certain probiotics may prevent the development of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea (AAD) and Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea (CDAD), but their effectiveness depends on both strain and dose. There are few data on nutritional interventions to control AAD/CDAD in the spinal cord injury (SCI) population. The present study aimed to assess (1) the efficacy of consuming a commercially produced probiotic containing at least 6·5 × 109 live Lactobacilluscasei Shirota (LcS) in reducing the incidence of AAD/CDAD, and (2) whether undernutrition and proton pump inhibitors (PPI) are risk factors for AAD/CDAD. A total of 164 SCI patients (50·1 (sd 17·8) years) with a requirement for antibiotics (median 21 d, range 5–366) were randomly allocated to receive LcS (n 76) or no probiotic (n 82). LcS was given once daily for the duration of the antibiotic course and continued for 7 days thereafter. Nutritional risk was assessed by the Spinal Nutrition Screening Tool. The LcS group had a significantly lower incidence of AAD (17·1 v. 54·9 %, P< 0·001). At baseline, 65 % of patients were at undernutrition risk. Undernutrition (64·1 v. 33·3 %, P< 0·01) and the use of PPI (38·4 v. 12·1 %, P= 0·022) were found to be associated with AAD. However, no significant difference was observed in nutrient intake between the groups. The multivariate logistic regression analysis identified poor appetite ( < 1/2 meals eaten) (OR 5·04, 95 % CI 1·28, 19·84) and no probiotic (OR 8·46, 95 % CI 3·22, 22·20) as the independent risk factors for AAD. The present study indicated that LcS could reduce the incidence of AAD in hospitalised SCI patients. A randomised, placebo-controlled study is needed to confirm this apparent therapeutic success in order to translate into improved clinical outcomes.

scholarly journals Risk Factors and Prevalence ofHelicobacter pyloriInfection in Persistent High Incidence Area of Gastric Carcinoma in Yangzhong City

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yangchun Zhu ◽  
Xiaoying Zhou ◽  
Junbei Wu ◽  
Jing Su ◽  
Guoxin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Breath Test ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Urea Breath Test ◽  
Epidemiologic Survey ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
13C Urea Breath Test ◽  
H Pylori

Aim. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and risk factors ofH. pyloriinfection in areas with high prevalence of gastric cancer in Jiangsu Province, China.Methods. A prospective epidemiologic survey ofH. pyloriinfection was accomplished in a natural population of 5417 individuals in Yangzhong city. Questionnaires and 13C-urea breath test forH. pyloriinfection were performed.Results. Among 5417 subjects who completed questionnaires and 13C-urea breath test, 3435 (63.41%) wereH. pyloripositive. The prevalence reached a peak at the age of 30–39 years (90.82%). There was significant difference between sexes and women had a higher infection rate than men. The prevalence ofH. pyloriinfection was also associated with eating kipper food and fried food. No association betweenH. pyloriprevalence and smoking or drinking was found. Compared to healthy individuals, people with dyspeptic diseases (peptic ulcer, gastroenteritis) presented a high prevalence ofH. pyloriinfection. Using multivariate logistic regression analysis, age and history of peptic ulcer and gastroenteritis were the independent predictors forH. pyloriinfection.Conclusions. Yangzhong city had a high prevalence ofH. pyloriinfection and was related to several risk factors. The underlying mechanisms are needed to be further investigated.

scholarly journals Does non-visible haematuria require urgent assessment? A retrospective cohort study from a university teaching hospital

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Lucocq ◽  
Adnan Ali ◽  
William Harrison ◽  
Tarek Khalil ◽  
Gursunil Powar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Electronic Patient Records ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Patient Groups

Abstract Objectives It is not certain from current evidence which patient groups with non-visible haematuria (NVH) require urgent investigation and which investigations are sufficient. We report referral outcomes data from Scotland to identify patient groups who will benefit from urgent assessment to rule out urological cancer (UC) and whether full set of investigations are necessary in all referred patients. Materials and methods Data were collected from electronic patient records for patients referred with NVH to secondary care urology services between July 2017 and May 2020. The correlations between risk factors and final diagnosis were assessed using categorical variables in a multivariate logistic regression analysis and using chi-squared models. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS data editor version 25. Results Our study cohort comprised 525 patients (43.4% males; median age 66 years), in which UC was diagnosed in 25 patients (4.8%). Age > 60 years had sensitivity and NPV for UC of 92% and 99%, respectively. Univariate and multivariate analysis showed male sex, age ≥ 60 years and smoking were significant predictors of UC in patients with NVH (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in UC in patients with history of LUTS, anticoagulation and previous UC. Conclusion The risk of urologic cancer in NVH patients is significant and male gender, age ≥ 60 years and smoking are significant predictors of UC. Patients with risk factors of UC require complete assessment of both the upper and lower urinary tract; however, in the absence of risk factors, patients do not require urgent or complete assessment.

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