Prevalence and Associated Factors with Transfusion-Transmitted Infections among Blood Donors at the National Blood Transfusion and Research Center, Sana’a, Yemen

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasser Ahmed Ghaleb ◽  
Aymn Zaid Alshahari ◽  
Majdi Abdullhabeeb Ali ◽  
Mohammed Abdullah Al Amad ◽  
Abdulwahed Abduljabbar Al Serouri
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Research Center ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Protracted Conflict ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background: Yemen is facing major challenges in ensuring the safety and availability of blood transfusion to meet the increased demand for blood transfusion due to the protracted conflict. However, Transfusion-transmissible infectious (TTIs) agents such as hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), syphilis and malaria remain the greatest threats for blood transfusion safety in such fragile, conflict-affected and vulnerable settings. This study aimed to determine the magnitude of TTIs among blood donors attending National Blood Transfusion and Research Center (NBTRC) and its associated factors. Methods: Cross- sectional study was conducted on 340 blood donors at the NBTRC during November and December 2017. Data was collected through face-to-face interview using a predesigned questionnaire that covered socio-demographic characteristics and possible TTIs associated factors. Blood samples were drawn and tested for HBV surface antigen (HBsAg), HCV antibodies, HIV1, 2 by using electrochemi-luminescence immunoassay technique and rapid immunochromato-graphic for screened syphilis and malaria antibodies. Result: The overall prevalence of TTIs was 8.8% where 2.5 %, 1.2%, 0.3%, 1.2%, 3.2% have HBV, HCV, HIV, syphilis and malaria respectively. HBV was significantly associated with history of jaundice and cupping. Furthermore, urethero-vaginal excretion was significantly associated with syphilis while malaria was significantly higher among donors from malaria endemic areas. Nearly three-fourth of donations were from replacement donors who had significantly higher TTIs prevalence than the voluntary donors: 10.4% vs. 3.3%, OR 3.4 (CI: 1.1-11.6). Conclusions: Although the prevalence of TTIs is low, it poses a serious risk for blood recipients especially in in fragile, conflict-affected and vulnerable settings where needs for blood transfusion are increasing and resources are limited. Therefore, using more sensitive screening methods and establishment of TTIs surveillance system should be considered. Efforts should be made to improve donor recruitment procedures and increase the proportion of regular and voluntary donation.

scholarly journals Sero-prevalence of Blood Borne Agents among Voluntary Blood Donors

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-74
Author(s):  
AKM Shafiqur Rahman ◽  
Md Arifuzzaman ◽  
Md Mehedhi Hasan Shourov ◽  
Farzana Zafreen
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Study Finding ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Education Programme ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Life ◽  
History Of

Introduction: Blood transfusion is a significant life-saving intervention in the present era of patient management system. As the blood and blood products are a potential source of infections and the necessity of transfusion is increasing day by day, transfusion transmissible infections have become a major threat to the system of ensuring safe transfusion. Objectives: To find out the sero-prevalence of Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, HIV, Syphilis and Malaria parasite among the blood donors and to ascertain risk behaviour of the blood donors. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on purposively selected 115 blood donors at Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP) during the period of 1st September to 31st December 2011. Results: The study revealed among 115 blood donors 7.8% were HBsAg positive. More than half of the HBsAg positive cases 66.67% were from civilian. None of the respondents was found positive for anti-HCV, VDRL, Malaria and anti-HIV. All of the donors in this study were voluntary donors. The sample studied had a mean age of 28.03 ± 6.79 years and 90.5% of donors were belongs to age group 18-37 years and female was only 6.1%. Most of the donors (49.5%) were military personnel,86%above SSC educated and 22.6% had visited abroad. Regarding risk behaviour 38.3% had the history of undertaking dental procedure, 0.9% were found undertaking blood transfusion, 2.6% had the history of illicit sex and 29.6% had the history of suffering from jaundice and among them only 1.7% were found HBsAg positive. Conclusion: The study finding demands motivation against unnecessary blood transfusion. It also emphasize health education programme among peoples having risk behaviour. Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.15 (1) 2019: 71-74

scholarly journals Assessment of alcohol use disorder and its associated factors among alcohol users of medical and surgical outpatients attending a specialized hospital in Gondar, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Demeke Demilew ◽  
Berhanu Boru ◽  
Getachew Tesfaw ◽  
Habtamu Kerebih ◽  
Endalamaw Salelew
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Male Sex

Abstract Background Alcohol use disorder increase the risk of physical harm, mental or social consequences for patients and others in the community. Studies on alcohol use disorder and associated factors among medical and surgical outpatients in Ethiopia are limited. Therefore, this study is meant to provide essential data on alcohol use disorder and associated factors among alcohol user medical and surgical outpatients to intervene in the future. Methods An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted by using the systematic random sampling technique. Alcohol use disorders were assessed using the World Health Organization’s 10-item Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) questionnaire. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed, a P-value less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant in the multivariate analysis and the strength of association was measured at a 95% confidence interval. Results The prevalence of alcohol use disorder was 34.5% with a 95% CI (29.20, 39.80) among study participants. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, male sex (AOR = 3.33, 95%CI: 1.40, 7.93), history of mental illness (AOR = 2.68, 95%CI: 1.12, 6.38), drinking for relaxation (AOR = 1.88, 95%CI: 1.02, 3.48) and history of lifetime tobacco use (AOR = 5.64, 95%CI: 1.95, 16.29) were factors significantly associated with alcohol use disorder. Conclusion The prevalence of alcohol use disorders among medical and surgical outpatients was found to be high. Male sex, history of mental illness, alcohol use for relaxation and lifetime cigarette smoking need more attention during the assessment of patients in the medical and surgical outpatient departments.

scholarly journals Hypertension prevalence, associated factors, treatment, and control in rural Cameroon: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa Pone Simo ◽  
Valirie Ndip Agbor ◽  
Jean Jacques Noubiap ◽  
Orlin Pagnol Nana ◽  
Pride Swiri-Muya Nkosu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypertension Prevalence ◽  
History Of ◽  
Family History Of Hypertension ◽  
And Control

Abstract Introduction: Sub-Saharan Africa is experiencing a surge in the burden of hypertension, and rural communities seem to be increasingly affected by the epidemic. Objectives: We aimed to determine the prevalence of hypertension, its associated factors, as well as its awareness, treatment, and control rates in rural communities of the Baham Health District (BHD), Cameroon.Design: A community-based cross-sectional study.Setting: Participants from five health areas in the BHD were recruited from August to October 2018.Participants: Consenting participants aged 18 years or older were included. Results: We included 526 participants in this study. The median age of the participants was 53.0 (IQR = 35 – 65) years and 67.1% were female. The prevalence of hypertension was 40.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 36.7 – 45.1) were hypertensive with no gender disparity. The overall age-standardised prevalence of hypertension was 23.9% (95% CI = 20.3 – 27.5). Five-year increase in age (adjusted odd’s ratio [AOR] = 1.34; 95% CI = 1.23 – 1.44), family history of hypertension (AOR = 2.22; 95% CI = 1.37 – 3.60), and obesity were associated with higher odds of hypertension (AOR = 2.57; 95% CI = 1.40 – 4.69).The rates of awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension were 37.2% (95% CI = 31.0 – 43.9), 20.9% (95% CI = 16.0 – 26.9), and 22.2% (95% CI = 15.2 – 46.5), respectively.Conclusion: The high hypertension prevalence in this rural community is associated with contrastingly low awareness, treatment, and control rates. Age, family history of hypertension, and obesity are the major drivers of hypertension in this community. Veracious policies are needed to improve awareness, prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and control of hypertension in this rural community.

scholarly journals Infertility and associated factors in three hospitals in Douala, Cameroon: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 1985-95
Author(s):  
Thomas Obinchemti Egbe ◽  
Charmaine Ngo Mbaki ◽  
Nicholas Tendongfor ◽  
Elvis Temfack ◽  
Eugene Belley-Priso
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reproductive Tract Infection ◽  
History Of

Aim: We determined the prevalence and factors associated with couple infertility in three hospitals in Douala, Cameroon. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study from December 18th 2015 to March 18th 2016 in three public hospitals in Douala. Three hundred and sixty participants were studied prospectively for associated fac- tors using a multivariate logistic regression model and 4732 files were studied retrospectively for the prevalence of infertility. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: The prevalence of couple infertility was 19.2%. In logistic models, the factors which independently increased the risk of couple infertility were a history of reproductive tract infection/STI, a history of uterine fibroids, a history of dys- menorrhea and abortion for the females while for males it was a history of mumps, erectile dysfunction and exposure to chemicals/toxic substances/pesticides. Conclusion: One in every five couples in this study was infertile. Several factors affect the risks associated with couple in- fertility. The identification of these factors could help detect subgroups of couples at high risk of infertility. Reproductive health education, screening programmes for STI’s that may lead to infertility should be offered to couples. Keywords: Couple infertility; prevalence; associated factors; Douala; Cameroon.

scholarly journals Minimum Dietary Diversity and Associated Factors among Lactating Mothers in Ataye District, North Shoa Zone, Central Ethiopia: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Lemma Getacher ◽  
Gudina Egata ◽  
Tadesse Alemayehu ◽  
Agegnehu Bante ◽  
Abebaw Molla
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lactating Mothers ◽  
History Of ◽  
Minimum Dietary Diversity

Background. Low dietary diversity superimposed with poor-quality monotonous diets is a major problem that often results in undernutrition, mainly micronutrient deficiencies. However, there is limited evidence on minimum dietary diversity and associated factors among lactating mothers in resource-poor settings, including the study area. Therefore, the objective of the study is to assess the prevalence of minimum dietary diversity and associated factors among lactating mothers in Ataye District, Ethiopia. Methods. A community-based cross-sectional study design was used among 652 lactating mothers aged 15–49 years from January 25 to April 30, 2018. Dietary diversity was measured by the minimum dietary diversity indicator for women (MDD-W) using the 24-hour dietary recall method. Data were entered into EpiData version 4.2.0.0 and exported to the statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 24 for analysis using the logistic regression model. Results. The prevalence of minimum dietary diversity among lactating mothers was 48.8% (95% CI: (44.7%, 52.9%). Having formal education ((AOR = 2.16, 95% CL: (1.14, 4.09)), a final say on household purchases ((AOR = 5.39, 95% CI: (2.34, 12.42)), home gardening practices ((AOR = 2.67, 95% CI: (1.49, 4.81)), a history of illness ((AOR = 0.47, 95% CI: (0.26, 0.85)), good knowledge of nutrition ((AOR = 5.11, 95% CI: (2.68, 9.78)), being from food-secure households ((AOR = 2.96, 95% CI: (1.45, 6.07)), and medium ((AOR = 5.94, 95% CI: (2.82, 12.87)) and rich wealth indices ((AOR = 3.55, 95% CI: (1.76, 7.13)) were significantly associated with minimum dietary diversity. Conclusion. The prevalence of minimum dietary diversity among lactating mothers was low in the study area. It was significantly associated with mothers having a formal education, final say on the household purchase, home garden, good knowledge of nutrition, history of illness, food-secure households, and belonging to medium and rich household wealth indices. Therefore, efforts should be made to improve the mother’s decision-making autonomy, nutrition knowledge, household food security, and wealth status.

scholarly journals Previous Early Antenatal Service Utilization Improves Timely Booking: Cross-Sectional Study at University of Gondar Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadesse Belayneh ◽  
Mulat Adefris ◽  
Gashaw Andargie
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Maternal And Neonatal Health ◽  
Late Booking

Background.Early booking of antenatal care (ANC) is regarded as a cornerstone of maternal and neonatal health care. However, existing evidence from developing countries indicate that lots of pregnant woman begin ANC booking lately.Objective.It was aimed to assess timing of ANC booking and associated factors among pregnant women attending ANC clinic at University of Gondar Hospital, 2013.Methods.An institution based cross-sectional study design was used to collect data with a face-to-face interview technique. Bivariate and multivariate analysis was used to identify associated factors for early ANC visit using SPSS version 20.Results.From total women (N = 369) interviewed, 47.4% were timely booked. Mothers with younger age (AOR = 3.83, 95% CI: 1.89, 10.53), formal education (AOR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.03, −7.61), previous early ANC visit (AOR = 2.39, 95% CI: 2.23, 9.86), and perceived ANC visit per pregnancy of four and greater were significantly associated with early ANC visit.Conclusions.Although late booking is a problem in this study, previous early utilization of ANC visit favors current timely booking. This indicates that the importance of early booking was appropriately addressed from previous visits. Counseling of timely booking during ANC visit should be strengthened. Moreover, empowering through education is also recommended.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Undiagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Its Associated Factors Among the Malaysian Population: The 2015 National Health and Morbidity Survey, Malaysia

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 153
Author(s):  
Hasimah Ismail ◽  
Mohd Azahadi Omar ◽  
Thamil Arasu Saminathan ◽  
Muhammad Fadhli Muhammad Yusof ◽  
Nor Azian Mohd Zaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Undiagnosed Diabetes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Face To Face

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of diabetes has increased dramatically in the last decade. Compounding the problem are undiagnosed cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus. These respondents are those who do not know that they have the disease. Undiagnosed cases have substantial implications as they are at more risk to develope fatal complications. This study aims to determine the prevalence of undiagnosed T2DM and to identify its associated factors in Malaysia.METHODS: A nationwide cross-sectional study was conducted involving 19,935 respondents. Two-stage stratified sampling design was used to select a representative sample of the Malaysian adult population. Face-to-face interviews using structured, validated questionnaires were used to obtain data from the respondents. Respondents who claimed that they were not diagnosed with diabetes before were asked to undergo a finger-prick test.RESULTS: The overall prevalence of T2DM was 17.5% while the prevalence of undiagnosed T2DM was 9.2% (n=2103). Respondents aged 60 years old &amp; above had the highest percentage of undiagnosed T2DM at about 13.6 %, followed by those with no formal educational at 12.9%, among Indians were 11.9%, among female at 9.2%, among non-working citizen at 9.8%, widowed/divorced (12.0%), smokers (9.5%), obesity (13.6%) and hypertensive (12.8%). Multivariable analyses revealed that age group, ethnicity, education level, marital status, obesity and hypertensive were more likely to have undiagnosed T2DM.CONCLUSION: This study showed a high prevalence of undiagnosed T2DM in Malaysia. Factors associated with undiagnosed diabetes mellitus were obesity, age, ethnicity, educational level and hypertension. Screening is essential among adults aged 30 to 60 year old to enable early intervention and prevent development of serious complications of this disease.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) among Health Care Workers in Three Health Facilities of Yaounde, Center Region of Cameroon

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 89-94
Author(s):  
Philippe Salomon Nguwoh ◽  
Akenji Blaise Mboringong ◽  
Joseph Fokam ◽  
Christian Ngounouh Taheu ◽  
Ibrahima Halilou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
History Of

Introduction: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) first appeared in December 2019 in Wuhan, China and has subsequently become a worldwide pandemic. During the pandemic, health care workers (HCWs) were very exposed to COVID-19 infected patients. The aim of this study was to determine seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) among HCWs in three health facilities of Yaounde. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 368 HCWs was conducted from January 18th to February 13th, 2021, in three health facilities located in city of Yaounde. Data of study participants were collected by face-to-face interviews using standard questionnaire. Blood samples were collected in labelled dry tubes and analyzed using Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) cassettes (Abbott PanbioTMCOVID-19 IgG/IgM Rapid Test Device). The data collected was analyzed using Epi info version 7. Any value of p <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The average age was 30.25 (SD±10.43) years old, range from 21 to 72 years old. Overall, the positivity rates of IgM, IgG and IgM+IgG were 6.79% (n=25), 17.93% (n=66) and 1.09% (n=4) respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that, the rate of IgM positivity was highest in laboratory personnel (χ2= 7.99, p=0.3) and IgG (χ2= 8.50, p=0.29), IgM+IgG (χ2= 1.92, p=0.26) respectively in pharmacy and clinical personnel. The clinical signs such as fever (˃38°C) or history of fever was statistically significant with IgM (χ2=11.71, p= 0.0006) while, sore throat was statistically significant associated with IgM (χ2= 14.3, p= 0.0008) and IgG (χ2= 6.33, p= 0.04). Conclusion: The results of this study reveal a high seroprevalence of circulation of the virus in hospital milieu in Yaounde suggesting the continuation of the COVID-19 « Track-Test-Treat » system to break the chain of transmission.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Associated Factors of Hypertension among Assosa town, WesternEthiopia, 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Health Center ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sub Saharan

Background: Hypertension, the global first and third risk for mortality and disease burden respectively, is recording an increment in Sub-Saharan Africa countries. This study aimed to identify prevalence and its associated risk factor of Hypertension in the Assosa town. Objective: To identify prevalence and factors associated with hypertension in the study area to increase it’s prevention and control methods. Methods & materials: Institutional based cross sectional study design with quota non-probability sampling technique was conducted among patients visited OPD units ofAssosa General Hospital (AGH) andAssosa Health Center(AHC) fromMarch to June 2018. All outpatients were included. To collect data, pre-tested structured questionnaire and face to face interviews were used. Components ofstatisticalresearch software SPSS version-21 like frequency table, chi-square test of independence & logistic regression was used to enter, analyze, summarize and characterize disease and associated factors data. Result: The study was conducted among 194 participants(152 from AGH and 42 from AHC) with 102 males and 92 females. Prevalence of hypertension among patients visited outpatient units of Assosa General Hospital and Assosa Health Center was 17.5%, and was slightly highest in male than female. Associated factors for hypertension among patients visited OPD units of AGH & AHC were history of hypertension in the family (CI=95% and COR=4.497(1.133-17.844) and being private employee (CI=95% and COR=0.0017(0.001-0.407). Conclusion & recommendation: Prevalence of HTN in the Assosa town, was low and influenced by some risk factors like work status and previousfamily history of hypertension. Even if usual usage ofsalt and using vegetable oil was not associated factor, being private employee were independent factor of HTN. In-depth study is recommended for further investigation. To increase preventative methods of HTN, health education supported by mass media, illustrative posters and anotherstrategies at every government & non government work sector are recommended.

scholarly journals Prevalence and trends of Transfusion Transmissible Infections among blood donors in the State of Qatar, 2013-2017

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Aabdien ◽  
Nagah Selim ◽  
Sayed Mohamed Himatt ◽  
Saloua Hmissi ◽  
Zeyd Merenkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
T Lymphotropic Virus ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The World ◽  
Confirmatory Tests

Abstract Background: Millions of lives around the world are being saved annually through blood transfusion. However, blood transfusion is among the important vehicles for transmitting infections. The overall prevalence of Transfusion Transmissible Infections (TTIs) among blood donors differs around the world, reflecting the variation in the prevalence of these infections. The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence and trends of TTIs among blood donors in Qatar. Methods: This is a cross sectional study utilizing donation records of a five-year period from January 2013 to December 2017. Results for all screening and confirmatory tests for Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), Hepatitis C Virus (HCV), Human T-Lymphotropic Virus-I/II (HTLV-I/II), Syphilis and Malaria were included in the study. Results: Among the 190,509 donations received at the donation center during the study period, about 91% donations were received from males and 9% from females. The overall positivity rate for all tests were 1.95, 2.18, 1.62, 1.81 and 1.85 for the years 2013 through 2017. The overall positivity rates for HBV, Syphilis and Malaria were 0.30, 0.43 and 0.20, respectively. Throughout the years, the positivity rates decreased for HBV, Syphilis and Malaria and increased for HCV and HTLV. Conclusion: The overall positivity rate of all tests combined for the TTIs demonstrated a gradual increasing trend from 2013 to 2017. The rates for HCV and HTLV showed increasing trends too. To support developing effective prevention and control strategies, further investigations are needed to improve the estimations of the prevalence of these infections.

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