scholarly journals Edible Mushroom significantly ameliorated Hepatorenal Toxicity of Butyl Paraben (BP) in Albino Rats.

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kassahun berhane
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Edible Mushroom ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Kidney Function Tests ◽  
Vascular Congestion ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Kidney Functions

Abstract Introduction: Parabens are used commonly as preservatives in a range of cosmetics applied to the under arm and breast area as well as popular preservatives because of their cost.Aim of the work: This study was done to evaluate the neprohepatic toxicity of parabens. Materials and methods: Thirty adult female rats were used and given paraben orally for six months at parabens at dose of 10 % of the LD50 equal to 4.6mg\kg.bw. Mushroom was given orally to at dose of 10 mg/kg/day for six months too. Results: Oral administration of BP induced biochemical and histopathological changes. Biochemical changes: BP toxicity manifested by changes in the liver and kidney function tests manifested by increase AST, ALT, Bilirubin, urea and createnine with decreases to plasma proteins in comparison to control group. Giving mushroom caused amelioration to the nephrohepatic toxicity by inducing recovery in liver and kidney functions in comparison to paraben treated group. For histopathological findings: BP induced vascular congestion in liver and kidney in association with necrotic changes in the hepatorenal epithelium which improved after mushroom treatment. Conclusion: BP induced hepatorenal toxicity which improved by mushroom treatment.

scholarly journals OXIDATIVE STRESS IN RAT LIVER AND KIDNEY DUE TO CHRONIC EXPOSURE TO A MIXTURE OF ARSENIC, CADMIUM, AND LEAD: PROTECTIVE ROLE OF SELENIUM AND ZINC

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 207
Author(s):  
Tapasi Bhattacharjee ◽  
Soma Choudhuri ◽  
Dipayan Choudhuri
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Oxidative Enzymes ◽  
Sodium Selenate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Relevant Dose ◽  
Liver And Kidney

Objective: This study assessed the effect of chronic exposure to a mixture of heavy metals arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) at a very low environmentally relevant dose along with the effect of coadministration of metallic antioxidants selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) on hepatic and renal function and oxidative stress parameters in the liver and kidney of female albino rats.Methods: A total of 24 female albino rats were divided into four groups. Animals of the control group received only distilled water. The treated group received mixture of heavy metals As (38.0 ppm), Cd (9.8 ppm), and Pb (22.0 ppm)/kg b.w./day. The supplemented groups received either sodium selenate (10 ppm) or Zn chloride (20 ppm) along with mixture of heavy metals. The treatment period was 90 consecutive days.Results: There was a significant increase in serum glucose, cholesterol, urea and creatinine and decrease in protein and albumin levels in the rats treated with mixture of heavy metals. The activities of serum enzymes, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase and acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase in the liver and kidney of treated animals were also increased. The activities of different oxidative enzymes catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, and the levels of glutathione reduced significantly and level of malondialdehyde increased in rats treated with metal mixture. Histopathology of liver and kidney tissues exhibited toxic symptoms in treated animals. All the deleterious effects were reversed by cotreatment with either Se or Zn.Conclusion: Both Se and Zn provided protection against oxidative damage and hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic effects produced due to exposure to a mixture of heavy metals As, Cd, and Pb at a very low environmentally relevant dose in female rats for 3 months.

scholarly journals SOME IMMUNE FACTORS AND HORMONES DETERMINED IN FEMALE ALBINO RATS INDUCED WITH INFERTILITY AND ADMINISTERED WITH ANTHOCLIESTA VOGELII

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olugbenga Oladimeji
Keyword(s):  
Test Group ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Clusters Of Differentiation ◽  
Automated Technique

Anthocleista vogelii Planch, phyto-constituents was evaluated and the plant leave extracts investigated on the claims of the traditional medicine practitioners of its usage as fertility enhancer in females. Ethanolic extract of Anthocleista vogelii were administered orally for 14 days to female albino rats placed in different groups. First, temporary infertility was induced with Micronor (norethisterone) or Nacetylcysteine (NAC) given orally to some rats, for seven (7) days prior to other treatment. The rats were sacrificed after the completion of extract administration. The absolute counts of clusters of differentiation CD4+ and CD8+ was performed on the blood samples using the Becton Dickinson’s (BD) FACS Count Automated technique. Hormonal analysis was performed on sera obtained from the experimental animals using commercial standard enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. The extract was found to possess Anthraquinones, Terpenoids, Flavonoids, Saponins, Alkaloids, Phenols and Phytosterols . The obtained results of the test group compared with control showed a statistically significant decrease (P<0.05) in CD4+ and CD8+ counts cells and Prolactin, testosterone respectively. The results showed a significant increase of estradiol, leutinizing hormone, in the female rats in the control group compared to extract treated group. The result also suggested that Anthocleista vogelii may have a role in creating the environment required for enhancing pregnancy by decreasing ratio of CD4+ and CD8+ linked Th1 andTh2 cytokines production activation. Estradiol, luetinising hormone, concentration therefore support the claims on the traditional use of Anthocliesta vogelii that it enhance fertility in female.

scholarly journals BIOCHEMICAL AND HAEMATOLOGICAL BIOMARKER DETERMINED IN FEMALE ALBINO RATS INDUCED WITH INFERTILITY AND ADMINISTERED WITH ANTHOCLIESTA VOGELII

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olugbenga Oladimeji ◽  
O.A Lawal ◽  
A Steve
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Biochemical Evaluation ◽  
Automated Hematology Analyzer

Anthocleista vogelii was investigated for the acclaimed fertility enhancing properties especially in females. The phyto-chemistry of the ethanolic leave extract of Anthocleista vogelii was determined prior to it being administered orally for 14 days to Wister albino rats. Micronor (norethisterone) or N-acetylcysteine (NAC) was given orally to induce temporary infertility in the female rats for seven (7) days prior to other treatment. The Blood samples from experimental animal groups were collected through cardiac puncture when the rats were sacrificed after the completion of fourteen (14) days extract administration. The vitamin E analysis was performed using HPLC. The hematological parameters were performed using the Sysmex® Automated Hematology Analyzer KX-21N. Biochemical evaluation of glutamic pyruvate transaminase ALT, alkaline phosphatase ALP, glutamic oxaloacetate transaminase AST, total cholesterol and total triacylglycerol was done using randox biochemical kits. The extract was found to possess Anthraquinones, Terpenoids, Flavonoids, Saponins, Alkaloids, Phenols and Phytosterols. The hematological parameters showed a significant increase (P<0.05) in absolute middle cells (basophils, eosinophils and monocytes) count. It also showed a significant reduction in the ALP, ASP, AST, TAG and cholesterol level (p<0.05). The obtained results showed a significant increase of vitamin E concentration in the female rats in the control group compared to extract treated group. The result also suggest that Anthocleista vogelii may have a role in creating the environment required for enhancing pregnancy with the Vitamin E concentration production that support the claims on the traditional use of Anthocliesta vogelii to enhance fertility in female.

scholarly journals Hematological and Biochemical parameters study of female albino rats treated with lamotrigine drug

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Gawhar Ahmed Shekha ◽  
Kalthum Asaaf Maulood
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Chloride Ion ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Anti Epileptic Drug ◽  
Hematological And Biochemical Parameters

The present study was aimed to investigate the possible effects of the anti-epileptic drug lamotrigine (LTG) on some haematological and biochemical parameters in adult female rats. Forty-eight female rats were divided into three groups (each group=16). Group one can be considered as a control group, group two and three administrated lamotrigine drugs orally at a dose of 3.57mg/kg body weight and 7.14mg/kg body weight for 7,14,21,28 day and all groups fed with standard rat feed. The results showed that there were significant (P≤0.05) changes in haematological parameters in group two and three when compared with the control group during all period except the mean level of corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC). The liver enzyme aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) and serum urea, creatinine with calcium, potassium, sodium and chloride ion showed significant alteration in the treated group, the relative organ weight showed significant changes in group two and three in comparison with control group during 7,14,21 and 28 days. Estradiol level in group three increased at 7, 14 and 21 day and decreased at 28 days of treatment when compared with group two and the control group. This study suggested that treatment of healthy female albino rats with therapeutic doses of lamotrigine drug for 28 days generally affect on included parameters in this study.   http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.044

scholarly journals Acute Cadmium Exposure Causes Systemic and Thromboembolic Events in Mice

2012 ◽  
pp. 73-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. FAHIM ◽  
A. NEMMAR ◽  
S. DHANASEKARAN ◽  
S. SINGH ◽  
M. SHAFIULLAH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Saline Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thromboembolic Events ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Kidney Functions ◽  
Cd Exposure

Cadmium (Cd), an environmental and industrial pollutant, poses a potential threat and affects many systems in human and animals. Although several reports on Cd toxicity were presented, the acute effect of Cd on systemic and thrombotic events was not reported so far. Cd (2.284 mg/kg) or saline (control) was injected intraperitoneally (ip), and the systemic parameters were assessed in mice. Compared to control group, acute intraperitoneal injection of Cd, in mice showed significant quickening of platelet aggregation (P<0.001) leading to pial cerebral thrombosis. Likewise, Cd exposure caused a significant increase in white blood cell numbers (P<0.05) indicating the occurrence of systemic inflammation. Also, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (P<0.05) and creatinine (P<0.01) levels were both significantly increased. Interestingly, the superoxide dismutase activity was significantly decreased in Cd treated group compared to control group (P<0.001), suggesting the occurrence of oxidative stress. We conclude that the Cd exposure in mice causes acute thromboembolic events, oxidative stress and alter liver and kidney functions.

Protective Effect of Moringa Oleifera Leaves Against TramadolInduced Nephrotoxicity in Mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashraf Albrakati
Keyword(s):  
Oral Dose ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Urea ◽  
Kidney Function Tests ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Intraperitoneal Dose ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Leaves ◽  
The Mean

Tramadol, a broadly in recent years, is an effective analgesic agent for the treatment of moderate to acute pain. Its metabolites are excreted by the kidney which may cause nephrotoxicity. Moringa oleifera leaves are commonly used to provide herbal and plant-derived medicinal products especially in developing nations. The present study was carried out to determine the biochemical and histopathological changes in the kidney of tramadol-treated albino mice and to evaluate the possible protective role of Moringa oleifera leaves against tramadol-induced nephrotoxicity. Twenty adult albino mice were divided into four groups. Control group (group i) received daily intraperitoneal injection of normal saline only, group ii received oral dose of Moringa oleifera leaves extract (20 mg/kg/bw) for three weeks, group iii received daily intraperitoneal dose of tramadol (0.3 mg/kg/bw) for the same period, group iv, received daily oral dose of Moringa oleifera leaves extract, (20 mg/kg/bw) three hours before injecting intraperitoneal dose of tramadol (0.3 mg/kg/bw), for the same period. Blood samples were withdrawn at the end of the experiment for kidney function tests and specimens from the kidney were processed for histological study. No significant differences in the mean values of the kidney function tests were noticed between Moringa oleifera group and control group. However, there was highly significant increase in the mean values of serum, urea and creatinine in tramadol-treated group as compared to the control group. Although tramadol + Moringa oleifera group revealed significant difference in the mean values of urea and creatinine when compared with tramadol-treated group. So, Moringa oleifera leaves extract have been shown to attenuate the renal dysfunction, improve the renal architecture, with nearly normalization of serum urea and creatinine levels which indicate improvement of renal function. In conclusion, in the light of biochemical results and histological findings, co-administration of Moringa oleifera leaves lessened the negative effects of tramadol-induced nephrotoxicity; possibly by its antioxidant action. Further investigation of these promising protective effects of Moringa oleifera leaves against tramadol-induced renal injury may have considerable impact on developing an adjunct therapy aiming to improve the therapeutic index of some nephrotoxic drugs.

Toxicological evaluation of hydroethanol leaf extract of Pupalia lappacea (Linn.) Juss. (Amaranthaceae) in rodents

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Murtala Akanji Abdullahi ◽  
Elijah Oladapo Oyinloye ◽  
Akinyinka Alabi ◽  
Aderonke Adeyinka Aderinola ◽  
Luqman Opeyemi Ogunjimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Serum Testosterone Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Toxicological Evaluation ◽  
Liver And Kidney

Abstract Objectives Several studies have established the ethnobotanical benefits of Pupalia lappacea (PL) in laboratory animals without extensive toxicological evaluation of its safety profiles. Thus, an extensive toxicological investigation of sub-chronic oral administration of the hydroethanol leaf extract of P. lappacea in rodents was carried out in this study. Methods Different groups of rats were treated orally with the extract (10, 50 and 250 mg/kg) daily for 90 consecutive days. The control group received distilled water (10 mL/kg). After 90 days, some rats were left for additional 30 days without treatment for reversibility study. Blood and organs samples were collected for different evaluations at the end of study periods. Results The extract decreased the bodyweights, feeding and water intakes in female rats. PL increased the weights of the liver and kidney in male rats. PL increased the red blood cell (RBC), packed cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin (Hb), triglycerides (TRIG), cholesterol and high density lipoprotein (HDL) contents in rats. PL (250 mg/kg) significantly reduced the sperm motility and serum testosterone level. Cyto-architectural distortions of the testes, liver and spleen were visible. Conclusions The findings showed that P. lappacea is relatively safe at lower doses but cautions should be taken at higher dose.

scholarly journals Functional and Structural Effects of Erythropoietin Subconjunctival Administration in Glaucomatous Animals

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Resende ◽  
Serge G. Rosolen ◽  
Telmo Nunes ◽  
Berta São Braz ◽  
Esmeralda Delgado
Keyword(s):  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Retinal Function ◽  
Function Evaluation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Subconjunctival Injection ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Structural Evaluation ◽  
Retinal Structure

Purpose: The present study aimed to assess functional and structural benefits of erythropoietin (EPO) when administered subconjunctivally in the retina of glaucomatous rats using electroretinography (ERG) and retinal thickness (RT) measurements. Methods: Glaucoma was experimentally induced in 26 Wistar Hannover albino rats. Animals were divided into 2 groups of 13 animals each: a treated group receiving a unique subconjunctival injection of 1,000 IU of EPO and a control group receiving a saline solution. In each group, 7 animals were used for retinal function evaluation (ERG) and 6 animals were used for retinal structural evaluation (histology). RT was measured, dorsally and ventrally, at 500 μm (RT1) and at 1,500 μm (RT2) from the optic nerve. Results: Retinal function evaluation: for both scotopic and photopic conditions, ERG wave amplitudes increased in the treated group. This increase was statistically significant (p < 0.05) in photopic conditions. Structural evaluation: for both locations RT1 and RT2, the retinas were significantly (p < 0.05) thicker in the treated group. Conclusion: Subconjunctival EPO administration showed beneficial effects both on retinal structure and on retinal function in induced glaucoma in albino rats. This neuroprotective effect should be applied in other animal species.

scholarly journals Diuretic activity of the bark of Eysenhardtia polystachya

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saudy Saret Pablo-Pérez ◽  
María Mirian Estévez-Carmona ◽  
María Estela Meléndez-Camargo
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Electrolyte Balance ◽  
Urinary Flow ◽  
Diuretic Activity ◽  
Sodium And Potassium ◽  
Different Doses

<p class="Abstract">The aim of this study was to evaluate the diuretic activity of <em>Eysenhardtia polystachya</em> bark aqueous extract at different doses in a rat model. Different doses of <em>E. polystachya</em> (125, 250, 500 and 750 mg/kg body weight), furosemide (4 mg/kg) and vehicle were administered per os to female rats (n=6 animals per group). After 6 hours in metabolic cages, the effect on urinary flow, glomerular filtration rate and electrolyte balance of sodium and potassium were assessed in all animals. <em>E. polystachya</em> at the doses of 500 and 750 mg/kg induced diuretic activity, since markedly increased (p&lt;0.05) the urinary flow rate, similar to that of furosemide treated group. Only the dose of 750 mg/kg produced an increment in urinary excretion of sodium but not of potassium compared with control group. These findings indicate that<em> E. polystachya</em> bark-induced diuretic activity, providing evidence for its folkloric use.</p><p> </p>

Protective effect of essential oil from Citrus limon against aspirin-induced toxicity in rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 499-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Bouzenna ◽  
N Samout ◽  
S Dhibi ◽  
S Mbarki ◽  
S Akermi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Citrus Limon ◽  
Β Carotene ◽  
Aspirin Group

The present study is planned to examine the antioxidant activity (AA) and the protective effect of the essential oil of Citrus limon (EOC) against aspirin-induced histopathological changes in the brain, lung, and intestine of female rats. For this purpose, 28 albino rats were classified to control group (group C), aspirin group (group A), EOC group (group EOC), and pretreatment with EOC and treated with aspirin group (group EOC + A). The antioxidant activities of EOC were evaluated by three different assays including reducing power, β-carotene, and scavenging of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Our results found that EOC represents, respectively (0.064 ± 0.013 and 0.027 ± 00 mg Quer E/100 µL), of flavonoid and flavonol. Then, it exhibited a potential activity of reducing power (at 300 mg/mL, which was found to be 0.82 ± 0.07), β-carotene-linoleic acid (AA% = 69.28 ± 3.5%), and scavenging of H2O2 (IC50 = 0.23 ± 0.008 mg/mL). In vivo, aspirin given to rats at the dose of 600 mg/kg body weight induced histomorphological damage in brain, lung, and intestine. However, our data found that the pretreatment with EOC offered a significant protection against the injury induced by aspirin. It can be concluded that the protective effect of EOC can be due to its antioxidant activities.

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