scholarly journals Association between life style factors and sub-fertility among women, attend two specials hospital for women in Colombo: A case control study

Author(s):  
Munasinghe P.M Piyasenage ◽  
Balachandran Kumarendran ◽  
Chandani Denawaka ◽  
Kosala Lakmal ◽  
Kumari Illukpitiya

Abstract Background: Sub-fertility has become a dominant health issue among married couples, expecting a baby with impacting social, psychological, and financial consequences especially in developing countries. As well as life style factors, which cause to immense effect on reproductive health has been changing dramatically at present. This study accordingly determines the association between life style factors and sub-fertility of women. Method: 125 of case and 320 of control were enrolled. A pre tested structured questionnaire was used to collect the data through face to face interview. Chi-square, Man Whitney and independent sample T tests were performed (SPSS-22 version). Furthermore Odds Ratio (OR) was done for passive smoking and entertains with music. Result: The mean age at marriage was 25.1±3.1 and 26.5±3 for fertile sub-fertile women respectively. Vigorous and moderate physical activities were significantly high among sub-fertile than fertile (P<0.05 C.I 95%), but total sitting time was not significantly different between two groups (P=0.16 CI 95%). Time of sedentary hobbies were high among fertile than sub-fertile (P=0.00 CI 95%). OR for passive smoking was 1.32 CI 95% and it was 0.6 CI 95% for entertainment with music. Invoking blessing of god is the most common religious practices among both groups. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the moderate physical activities and sedentary hobbies are not associated with fertility and second hand smoking has a negative effect while entertainment with music has a positive effect to the fertility.

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 531-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sezer Kısa ◽  
Esen Savaş ◽  
Simge Zeyneloğlu ◽  
Sevgül Dönmez

This study was conducted as a descriptive study, designed to determine the opinions and attitudes of married couples living in Turkey about vasectomy. The sample consisted of 350 women. Researchers used a questionnaire to collect data. Descriptive statistics and chi-square analysis were used. The results showed that 14% of women and 43.0% of men were of the opinion that undergoing a vasectomy procedure was a sin. Chi-square analysis determined statistically significant differences between the male and female groups ( p < .05). More than 88.0% of the men were not willing to have vasectomy and 35.4% thought that vasectomy had a negative effect on marriage and sexual health. In addition, 58.9% thought that vasectomy had a negative effect on men’s health. Women were more likely than men to see vasectomy as merely a cultural taboo instead of a sin. Sociocultural factors, such as ideas that contraception is the woman’s responsibility, that sterilized men lose status in society, or that sterilized men lose authority in the family, as well as misconceptions about vasectomy such as concerns about sexual functioning, psychological effects, and effects on physical strength, were determined to be the main barriers for vasectomy use in Turkish culture. The study recommends determining strategies for overcoming sociocultural barriers by raising awareness and increasing the utilization of vasectomy. Couple-specific family planning programs can make an important contribution toward improving awareness of the benefits of vasectomy.


Author(s):  
Maryam Bagheri ◽  
Zohre Mohamadi Zenouzagh

AbstractThis study investigated the potentials of face –to- face and computer mediated conversation (CMC) as two speaking modalities on students’ engagement. To this end, 30 Iranian male intermediate EFL learners were selected on the basis of their performance on OPT (Oxford Placement Test) and assigned into the research groups. The progression of face- to- face and CMC groups from limited to elaborate engagement at verbal, paralinguistic and functional levels was assessed using transcription analysis in face-to-face group and chat log analysis in CMC group. The limited and elaborate student engagement indicators in two modalities were identified via Maxqda software. The results of Maxqda analysis indicated that limited engagement was associated with appeal for help, silence, pauses and hesitations, focus on syntax, involvement with procedural talk and L1 use. Respectively, elaborate engagement was associated with avoiding L1 use, focus on discourse, involvement with actual talk and strategic discourse management rather than pause and silence. Chi-square analysis on frequency of indicators of limited and elaborate engagements on verbal, paralinguistic and functional levels indicated that limited and elaborate engagements occurred with different proportions in face-to-face and CMC conversations. Teaching practitioners would benefit the findings of the study since the findings illustrate how students’ engagement in learning evolves and how speaking modalities may impact the pattern of students’ engagement over time. The finding also suggest one way for improving student engagement without over-intervening of teachers is using modalities such as forums where the teacher presence is limited and students have to manage the discourse themselves which in turn increases student engagement.


2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariam John Munyogwa ◽  
Kaloli Sayi Ntalima ◽  
Secilia Ng’weshemi Kapalata

Abstract Background Obesity at the workplace has been associated with symptoms of lower self-esteem, increased individual and employer healthcare costs, increased absenteeism and presenteeism and reduced productivity. Therefore, this study was designed to study the prevalence and correlates of central obesity among formal sector employees in Dodoma City. Methods Study design was a cross-sectional survey conducted from March to June, 2019. Participants were employees from formal sector employment defined as those paid regular monthly wage and with either a secured permanent or temporary contract. Simple random sampling was used to select four out of fifteen large buildings hosting various establishments. Respondents were obtained conveniently and interviewed face to face. Central obesity was defined as a waist circumference greater than 102 cm for males and greater than 88 cm for females. Chi-square test was conducted to assess the differences among the groups. Simple and multiple logistic regression models were fitted to identify the correlates of central obesity. Results A total of 392 respondents (98% response rate) agreed and participated in the study. The overall prevalence of central obesity was found to be 41.8% (164/392). The prevalence of central obesity was significantly higher among females (67.4% p < 0.001), respondents aged ≥51 years (60%, p = < 0.001), administrators (55.1% p = < 0.05), respondents with salary of > 1,000,000 Tanzanian Shilling (TSh.) per month (54.4%, p = < 0.05), respondents who eat homemade meals at the workplace (64.2%, p = < 0.05) and respondents with hypertension (62.5%, p = < 0.05). Correlates of central obesity were found to be female sex (AOR = 9.53; 95% CI: 5.49, 16.78), increased age, eating homemade meals at the workplace (AOR = 2.32; 95% CI: 1.04, 4.19) and hypertension (AOR = 3.15; 95% CI: 1.41, 6.91). Conclusions The present study revealed high prevalence of central obesity among formal sector employees in Dodoma City. Scholars and stakeholders are urged to generate more evidences and design appropriate interventions to curb the situation.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madiha M Abas ◽  
Shukir Saleem Hasan

Abstract Background and objectives: Colostrum is the first breastfeed which is a product by the mother. it has containing high amounts and concentrations of nutrients and antibodies. Methods: A comparative, cross-sectional study was conducted in different areas in Erbil Governorate. During the period started on 2nd Jan. to the end of May. 2019. Non- probability of 400 mothers who delivered their baby by normal vaginal delivery in the hospitals were recruited. A special tool was constructed by researchers, a direct face-to-face interview was adapted. Data were collected and interpreted to the computer. A special SPSS software version 23 was used for analyzing the data, frequency, chi-square, and two tailed t-test statistical analysis was applied for the study.Results: Incorrect knowledge among Erbil city and Koy-Sanjaq city was observed, with better information among Shaqlawa mothers. Poor practices of colostrum feeding among all mothers, and found a statistically significant association between mother’s knowledge, and relay to an association between mothers’ practices. Statistically significant differences were found between Erbil city and Koy-Sanjaq city; between Shaqlawa city and Koy-Sanjaq city concerning mothers’ practices respectively, with non-statistically differences between Erbil and Shaqlawa mothers, also non-statistically significant differences between mothers’ practices in Erbil and Shaqlawa city. There are statistically differences between mothers in Erbil, Koy-Sanjaq, and between Erbil and Shaqlawa with no statistical difference between Koy-Sanjaq and Shaqlawa mothers regarding knowledge. Conclusions: The mothers in Shaqlawa city had better knowledge and all three districts were having poor practices regarding colostrum feeding.


2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Ayat Masaoud ◽  
Amal A. Hussein ◽  
Eman R. Ahmad

Background and objective: Complications during pregnancy and labour increase the risk of perinatal mortality fivefold which in turn has a negative effect on the neonate. Despite several studies have examined the determinants of neonatal mortality, limited studies have explored neonatal danger signs which potentially cause morbidity. This study aimed to assess danger signs observed in neonates at the different times so early, early, and late to identify associated factors with neonatal danger signs \& to determine the relationship between danger signs at different times and maternal danger signs/complications of high risk mothers.Subjects & Method: Setting: This study was conducted in the Obstetrics Department at Women's Health Center, Assiut University Hospital, Egypt. Sample: A total of 150 postpartum women and their delivered newborns were included and completed the questionnaire from April to the end of July 2017. Design: A descriptive correlational research design was utilized in this study in which structured interviewer managed questionnaire using face-to-face used to collect data.Results: The present findings revealed that nearly three-quarters (75.3%) and more than two-thirds (67.3%) of the total sample complained of antenatal & postnatal danger signs respectively and consequently the majority (80%) of their neonates had so early neonatal danger signs/complications with a most frequent one in the form of neonatal jaundice. A positive significant correlation was apparent between so early & early neonatal danger signs and maternal antenatal and postpartum danger signs. Educational level, maternal age, occupation & parity were considered significant factors affected neonatal danger signs.Conclusions: A highly percentage of neonates were born with so early danger signs. Maternal factors can be used to predict neonatal health condition at birth and 7th days postpartum with marked decline at 28th day postpartum.


2002 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 743-749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen S. Meaney ◽  
Lanie A. Dornier ◽  
Mary S. Owens

This investigation was designed to assess sex-role stereotyping across age groups. Participants ( N = 668) were girls and boys, students from Grades 3, 5, 8, and 10 at local public schools. All participants completed the Sport and Physical Activities Questionnaire on which were displayed pictures of 31 sport and physical activities. Participants were instructed to designate each activity as a boys' activity, a girls' activity, or a boys' and girls' activity. Chi-square analysis showed age-related differences in distribution of stereotyping of the activities. Over age groups there were more discrepancies between boys' and girls' ratings of activities as sex-specific. These findings suggest that sex-role stereotyping of sports and physical activities becomes more predominant across age groups.


2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-162
Author(s):  
Fabiana Martinescu-Bădălan

Abstract In this paper we wanted to present some aspects and characteristics observed in the specialized works and from the experience gained in performing physical activities during the COVID-19 pandemic. This period was a complicated one both in terms of physical distancing and emotionally. We no longer had the right to leave our houses, except to get what was strictly necessary, not to meet with family members or friends, cultural and sports activities were suspended, and all this caused an increasingly visible state of sedentary lifestyle. All the restrictions of this period had a negative effect mainly on the brain and the dynamics of the human body, and they are detailed in the following pages.


The microcredit sector in Bangladesh has flourished over the past few years by providing financial services to poor women who were previously unreachable, and it has been successful in meeting their fundamental needs, empowering them. This paper is an attempt to find out the role of microcredit on the empowerment of women borrowers in the context of some regions of the Chattogram district. These three Upazillas were surveyed cross-sectionally. A well-structured questionnaire was used to collect data during face-to-face interviews with 50 microcredit women borrowers and 50 non-borrowers from two major microcredit providers in Bangladesh. Participants were randomly selected. Data were summarized in tabular form. As a result of the chi-square test and ANOVA, significant results were observed. The paper analyzes the role of microcredit in women's empowerment from three perspectives: psychological, social, and economic. As a result of the study, BRAC and ASA microcredit have a significant role in reducing the vulnerability of poor women in the study region by generating income, improving the living standards of borrowers, and enabling these women to become more empowered by: (a) psychological empowerment by acquiring decision-making power in household activities, (b) economic empowerment by making a contribution to living standard & control over assets, (c) social empowerment by getting freedom of voice and mobility.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Isabel Muñoz Alcón ◽  
Francisco Trullén Galve

Learning a foreign language involves the practice and development of linguistic competencies through a series of communicative activities. Assessing each of these competencies face to face can provide an accurate profile of the student’s level of language proficiency. But assessing them online, particularly oral skill, poses a challenge for both students and professors. The change of scenario and use of digital tools may intimidate students and deprive the interview from naturality and warmth. In this paper, the suitability of Blackboard Collaborate as Learning Management System to assess English speaking skill is studied together with other factors influencing students’ online performance. 81 students from 5 different undergraduate programs in Engineering and Applied Sciences were assessed, following the threefold pattern of IELTS speaking test questions. Their results and responses to a final survey are contrasted so as to check the positive of negative effect of online testing on the students’ state of mind and eventual achievement. Blackboard platform proves to be as a suitable online framework for optimal performance, and the examiner’s attitude is equally a conditioning factor in students’success.


2016 ◽  
Vol 134 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Lozano ◽  
José María Lobos ◽  
José Ramón March ◽  
Eduardo Carrasco ◽  
Marcello Barbosa Barros ◽  
...  

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Many clinical investigations use generic and/or specific questionnaires to obtain information about participants and patients. There is disagreement about whether the administration method can affect the results. The aim here was to determine whether, among patients with intermittent claudication (IC), there are differences in the Walking Impairment Questionnaire (WIQ) and European Quality of Life-5 Dimension (EQ-5D) scores with regard to: 1) the questionnaire administration method (self-administration versus face-to-face interview); and 2) the type of interviewer (vascular surgeon, VS, versus general practitioner, GP). DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional observational multicenter epidemiological study carried out within the Spanish National Health Service. METHODS: 1,641 evaluable patients with IC firstly completed the WIQ and EQ-5D questionnaires and then were interviewed by their doctor on the same day. Pearson correlations and Chi-square tests were used. RESULTS: There was a strong correlation (r > 0.800; P < 0.001) between the two methods of administering the WIQ and EQ-5D questionnaires, and between the VS and GP groups. Likewise, there was a high level of concordance (P > 0.05) between the different dimensions of the WIQ-distance and EQ-5D (self-administration versus face-to-face) in the VS and GP groups. CONCLUSION: There was no difference between the different methods of administering the WIQ and EQ-5D questionnaires, among the patients with IC. Similarly, the two types of interviewers (VS or GP) were equally valid. Therefore, it seems unnecessary to expend effort to administer these questionnaires by interview, in studies on IC.


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