scholarly journals Trends and seasonal variation of hospitalization and mortality of interstitial lung disease in the United States from 2006 to 2016.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
An Ho ◽  
Artem Shmelev ◽  
Edward Charbek
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Interstitial Lung Disease ◽  
Acute Respiratory Failure ◽  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Admission Rates ◽  
Hospitalization Rates

Abstract Background: In the recent years, the overall trends in hospital admission and mortality of interstitial lung disease (ILD) are unknown. In addition, there was some evidence that interstitial lung disease death rate highest in the winter but this finding was only available in one study. This study will investigate the trend and seasonal variations in hospital admission and mortality rates of ILD from 2006 to 2016.Method: From the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database, we collected all cases with the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9 or ICD-10 codes of ILD excluding identifiable external causes (drug, organic or inorganic dusts) from 2006 to 2016. Hospitalization rates of each year were calculated based on U.S Census population data. Monthly hospitalization and in-hospital mortality rates were analyzed by seasonal and trend decomposition. Subgroups of idiopathic interstitial fibrosis (IPF), acute respiratory failure (ARF), pneumonia were analyzed. Results: From 2006 to 2016, all-cause hospital admission rate of patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) and IPF-only subgroup declined but their overall mortality remained unchanged (except IPF subgroup and acute respiratory failure subgroup). Acute respiratory failure related admission account for 23% of all causes and pneumonia 17.6%. Mortality of ILD in general and subgroup of ILD with ARF was highest in winter, up to 8.13% ± 0.60% and 26.3% ± 10.2% respectively. The seasonal variations of hospital admission and mortality of ILD in general was not changed when infectious pneumonia cases were ruled out. All cause admission rates were highest in months from January to April. Subgroup analysis also showed seasonal variations with highest hospitalization rates for all subgroups (IPF, ARF, pneumonia) in the months from December to April (winter to early Spring).Conclusion: From 2006 to 2016, admission rates of ILD of all causes and IPF subgroup declined but in-hospital mortality remained unchanged. Mortality of IPF subgroup and acute respiratory failure subgroup trended down. All-cause hospital admissions and mortality of ILD have a strong seasonal variation. Hospitalization rates for all subgroups (IPF, ARF, pneumonia) were highest in the months from December to April.

scholarly journals Trends and seasonal variation of hospitalization and mortality of interstitial lung disease in the United States from 2006 to 2016

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
An Ho ◽  
Artem Shmelev ◽  
Edward Charbek
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Interstitial Lung Disease ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Admission Rates

Abstract BackgroundIn the recent years, the overall trends in hospital admission and mortality of interstitial lung disease (ILD) are unknown. In addition, there was some evidence that interstitial lung disease death rate highest in the winter but this finding was only available in one study. This study will investigate the trend and seasonal variations in hospital admission and mortality rates of ILD from 2006 to 2016.MethodFrom the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database, we collected all cases with the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9 or ICD-10 codes of ILD excluding identifiable external causes (drug, organic or inorganic dusts) from 2006 to 2016. Hospitalization rates of each year were calculated based on U.S Census population data. Monthly hospitalization and in-hospital mortality rates were analyzed by seasonal and trend decomposition.ResultsFrom 2006 to 2016, there was a downtrend in all cause hospital admissions but in-hospital mortality rate did not change, with or without the presence of pneumonia. Highest hospital admission rates of ILD per 100000 of population were from January to May. The average number of hospitalizations in spring, summer, fall and winter months were 7447.9 ± 932.0, 6643.0 ± 840.5, 6551.3 ± 922.6 and 7110.3 ± 866.1 respectively. All-cause in-hospital mortality ranges from 7.13% ± 0.79% in the summer to 8.13% ± 0.60% in the winter with winter months having the highest mortality rate (p=0.018). The seasonal variations of hospital admission and mortality was not changed when infectious pneumonia cases were ruled out.ConclusionFrom 2006 to 2016, admission rates of ILD declined but in-hospital mortality remained unchanged. All-cause hospital admissions and mortality of ILD have a strong seasonal variation. Hospital admissions are highest in the period from January to May, in-hospital death was highest in the winter.

scholarly journals Cyclophosphamide for interstitial lung disease-associated acute respiratory failure: mortality, clinical response and radiological characteristics

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna P. van Gemert ◽  
Inge A. H. van den Berk ◽  
Esther J. Nossent ◽  
Leo M. A. Heunks ◽  
Rene E. Jonkers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Interstitial Lung Disease ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Acute Respiratory Failure ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Clinical Response ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Cyclophosphamide Treatment

Abstract Background Treatment for interstitial lung disease (ILD) patients with acute respiratory failure (ARF) is challenging, and literature to guide such treatment is scarce. The reported in-hospital mortality rates of ILD patients with ARF are high (62–66%). Cyclophosphamide is considered a second-line treatment in steroid-refractory ILD-associated ARF. The first aim of this study was to evaluate the in-hospital mortality in patients with ILD-associated ARF treated with cyclophosphamide. The second aim was to compare computed tomographic (CT) patterns and physiological and ventilator parameters between survivors and non-survivors. Methods Retrospective analysis of patients with ILD-associated ARF treated with cyclophosphamide between February 2016 and October 2017. Patients were categorized into three subgroups: connective tissue disease (CTD)-associated ILD, other ILD or vasculitis. In-hospital mortality was evaluated in the whole cohort and in these subgroups. Clinical response was determined using physiological and ventilator parameters: Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score (SOFA), PaO2/FiO2 (P/F) ratio and dynamic compliance (Cdyn) before and after cyclophosphamide treatment. The following CT features were quantified: ground-glass opacification (GGO) proportion, reticulation proportion, overall extent of parenchymal disease and fibrosis coarseness score. Results Fifteen patients were included. The overall in-hospital mortality rate was 40%. In-hospital mortality rates for CTD-associated ILD, other ILD and vasculitis were 20, 57, and 33%, respectively. The GGO proportion (71% vs 45%) was higher in non-survivors. There were no significant differences in the SOFA score, P/F ratio or Cdyn between survivors and non-survivors. However, in survivors the P/F ratio increased from 129 to 220 mmHg and Cdyn from 75 to 92 mL/cmH2O 3 days after cyclophosphamide treatment. In non-survivors the P/F ratio hardly changed (113–114 mmHg) and Cdyn even decreased (27–20 mL/cmH2O). Conclusion In this study, we found a mortality rate of 40% in patients treated with cyclophosphamide for ILD-associated ARF. Connective tissue disease-associated ILD and vasculitis were associated with a lower risk of death. In non-survivors, the CT GGO proportion was significantly higher. The P/F ratio and Cdyn in survivors increased after 3 days of cyclophosphamide treatment.

Lung Contractive Change in Severe Acute Respiratory Failure Requiring Invasive Ventilation; A Comparison of Features Between Interstitial Lung Disease and Severe Infection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kentaro Nagaoka ◽  
Yu Yamashita ◽  
Akira Oguma ◽  
Hirokazu Kimura ◽  
Kaoruko Shimizu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Interstitial Lung Disease ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Acute Respiratory Failure ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Invasive Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Severe Infection ◽  
Infection Group ◽  
Radiological Features

Abstract Background: Generally, the incidence of irreversible lung injury is considered to be higher in acute respiratory failure due to interstitial lung disease (ILD), compared to those due to severe infection. However, those sub-phenotypes, which follow irreversible lung injury, remain poorly characterized. We aimed to examine their clinical and radiological features, in patients who could not withdraw from ventilation after receiving any treatment (defined as“irreversible respiratory failure”). Methods: Retrospective study including all patients receiving CT evaluation at onset and invasive mechanical ventilation for severe infection or acute ILD, who admitted our institution from April 2013 to May 2019. Participants were divided into Infection group and ILD group according to the dominant cause, and predictors of irreversible respiratory failure were examined among those subjects. In addition, we quantitatively evaluated the changes in lung region volumes and dispersion of grand glass opacity, using automated methods. Results: 31 patients were subdivided to ILD group, whereas 139 patients were subdivided to Infection group. Significantly more subjects in ILD group developed irreversible respiratory failure (n=22; 70.9%), compared to those in Infection group (n=27; 19.4%; p<0.001). With validation of radiological features in those subjects, distinct CT findings, including lung contractive change and non-edematous lung injury (NE-LI), were found in both groups. Lung contractive change was observed with 23 subjects in ILD group (74.2%) and 7 subjects in Infection group (5.0%). Among those, >10% lung volume reduction was confirmed by CT analysis with 19 subjects in ILD group and 4 subjects in Infection group. By multivariate logistic regression analysis, the following factors were found to be strong predictors of irreversible respiratory failure; lung contractive change (odds ratio [OR]=32.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 7.1-150), NE-LI suspicious lesion (OR=13.3; 95% CI [2.9-59]), ILD-dominant respiratory failure (OR=18.4; 95% CI, 4.3-79), multidrug-resistant bacterial- or fungal-infection (OR=6.4; 95% CI, 1.3-31). Conclusions: We demonstrated the presence of sub-phenotypes in acute respiratory failure due to ILD and severe infection, which followed an irreversible course with distinctive radiological features including lung contractive changes.

Walking assessments as the predictor of acute respiratory failure in the interstitial lung disease patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryosuke Hirabayashi ◽  
Yusuke Takahashi ◽  
Kazuma Nagata ◽  
Kyosuke Wakata ◽  
Yusuke Shima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Interstitial Lung Disease ◽  
Acute Respiratory Failure ◽  
Lung Disease

scholarly journals ERS International Congress 2020 virtual: highlights from the Respiratory Intensive Care Assembly

2021 ◽  
pp. 00214-2021
Author(s):  
Camille Rolland-Debord ◽  
Alexander D'Haenens ◽  
Leire Mendiluce ◽  
Lydia Spurr ◽  
Shruthi Konda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Interstitial Lung Disease ◽  
Acute Respiratory Failure ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Early Career ◽  
International Congress ◽  
European Respiratory Society ◽  
Diagnostic Strategies

During the virtual European Respiratory Society (ERS) Congress 2020, early career members summarized the sessions organized by the Respiratory Intensive Care Assembly. The topics covered included diagnostic strategies in patients admitted to the Intensive Care unit (ICU) with acute respiratory failure, with a focus on patients with interstitial lung disease and for obvious reasons, SARS-CoV2 infection. These sessions are summarized in this paper, with take-home messages highlighted.

scholarly journals Interstitial Lung Disease Associated Acute Respiratory Failure Requiring Invasive Mechanical Ventilation: A Retrospective Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cyrus Vahdatpour ◽  
Alexander Pichler ◽  
Harold I Palevsky ◽  
Michael J Kallan ◽  
Namrata B Patel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Interstitial Lung Disease ◽  
Acute Respiratory Failure ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Invasive Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Ventilatory Support ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
High Dose ◽  
One Year

Abstract Background Interstitial lung disease (ILD) patients requiring invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) for acute respiratory failure (ARF) are known to have a poor prognosis. Few studies have investigated determinants of outcomes and the utility of trialing non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) prior to IMV to see if there are any effect(s) on mortality or morbidity. Methods We designed a retrospective study using patients at four different intensive care units within one health care system. Our primary objective was to determine if there are differences in outcomes for in-hospital and one-year mortality between patients who undergo NIPPV prior to IMV and those who receive only IMV. A secondary objective was to identify potential determinants of outcomes. Results Of 54 ILD patients with ARF treated with IMV, 20 (37.0%) survived to hospital discharge and 10 (18.5%) were alive at one-year. There was no significant mortality difference between patients trialed on NIPPV prior to IMV and those receiving only IMV. Several key determinants of outcomes were identified with higher mortality, including: higher ventilatory support, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) subtype, high dose steroids, use of vasopressors, supraventricular tachycardias (SVTs), and higher body mass index. Conclusions Considering that patients trialed on NIPPV prior to IMV was associated with no mortality disadvantage to patients treated with only IMV, trialing patients on NIPPV may identify responders and avoid complications associated with IMV. Increased ventilator support, need of vasopressors, SVTs, and high dose steroids reflect higher mortality and palliative care involvement should be considered as early as possible if lung transplant is not an option.

scholarly journals Efficacy of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for acute respiratory failure with interstitial lung disease: a case control nationwide dataset study in Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuko Usagawa ◽  
Kosaku Komiya ◽  
Mari Yamasue ◽  
Kiyohide Fushimi ◽  
Kazufumi Hiramatsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Interstitial Lung Disease ◽  
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Acute Respiratory Failure ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Membrane Oxygenation

Abstract Background Whether acute respiratory failure in patients with interstitial lung disease is reversible remains uncertain. Consequently, indications for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in these patients are still controversial, except as a bridge to lung transplantation. The objective of this study was to clarify in-hospital mortality and prognostic factors in interstitial lung disease patients undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Methods In this case–control study using the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination database, hospitalized interstitial lung disease patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation from 2010 to 2017 were reviewed. Patients’ characteristics and treatment regimens were compared between survivors and non-survivors to identify prognostic factors. To avoid selection biases, patients treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation as a bridge to lung transplantation were excluded. Results A total of 164 interstitial lung disease patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation were included. Their in-hospital mortality was 74.4% (122/164). Compared with survivors, non-survivors were older and received high-dose cyclophosphamide, protease inhibitors, and antifungal drugs more frequently, but macrolides and anti-influenza drugs less frequently. On multivariate analysis, the following factors were associated with in-hospital mortality: advanced age (odds ratio [OR] 1.043; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.009–1.078), non-use of macrolides (OR 0.305; 95% CI 0.134–0.698), and use of antifungal drugs (OR 2.416; 95% CI 1.025–5.696). Conclusions Approximately three-quarters of interstitial lung disease patients undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation died in hospital. Moreover, advanced age, non-use of macrolides, and use of antifungal drugs were found to correlate with a poor prognosis.

scholarly journals Case of Severe Treatment-Resistant Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Domas Grigoravičius ◽  
Edvardas Žurauskas ◽  
Vygantas Gruslys ◽  
Rolandas Zablockis ◽  
Edvardas Danila
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Interstitial Lung Disease ◽  
Acute Respiratory Failure ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Organizing Pneumonia ◽  
Treatment Resistant ◽  
Glucocorticoid Treatment ◽  
Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia ◽  
Slow Onset

Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia is a rare interstitial lung disease with different onset of symptoms, which responds rapidly to glucocorticoid treatment. We present a case of cryptogenic organizing pneumonia which manifested as a progressive 3-year dyspnea that ultimately has led to acute respiratory failure. Moreover, treatment with prednisone for this patient exhibited slow onset of the effect.

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